Black–white differences on various psychometric tests: Spearman's hypothesis tested on American armed services veterans
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Before the present study, the total literature of Spearman's hypothesis tested on Black and White adults in the US consisted of only six datasets on adults, five reported in Jensen and one in Nyborg and Jensen; the correlations ranged from r = 0.30 to 0.81.
“Before the present study, the total literature of Spearman's hypothesis tested on Black and White adults in the US consists of only six datasets on adults, and five of these six studies are reported in Jensen [37] and one of these six is reported in Nyborg and Jensen [38]; the correlations for these studies ranged from r = 0.30 to 0.81.”
From Spearman’s Hypothesis Tested on Black Adults: A Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [38]
Spearman's hypothesis has been widely supported when looking at ethnic differences.
“This effect has been widely supported when looking at ethnic differences (e.g., Nyborg & Jensen, 2000;Rushton & Skuy, 2000;Rushton et al., 2004;Te Nijenhuis & Van der Flier, 1997).”
From Factors Related to Mean Score Group Differences on Cognitive Ability Tests: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as Nyborg & Jensen, 2000
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Thirty years of research on race differences in cognitive ability.
Rushton, J. P., & Jensen, A. R. (2005) · Psychology, Public Policy, and Law · doi:10.1037/1076-8971.11.2.235 · Cited by 457 · see citing works
Self-citationROTH, P. L., BEVIER, C. A., BOBKO, P., SWITZER, F. S., & TYLER, P. (2001) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2001.tb00094.x · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Two failures of Spearman's hypothesis: The GATB in Holland and the JAT in South Africa
Dolan, C. (2004) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2003.09.001 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Testing Spearman's hypotheses using a bi-factor model with WAIS-IV/WMS-IV standardization data
Frisby, C. L., & Beaujean, A. A. (2015) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2015.04.007 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Spearman’s Hypothesis Tested on Black Adults: A Meta-Analysis
Te Nijenhuis, J., & Van den Hoek, M. (2016) · Journal of Intelligence · doi:10.3390/jintelligence4020006 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Factors Related to Mean Score Group Differences on Cognitive Ability Tests: A Systematic Review
Cuppello, S., Zibarras, L. D., & Corr, P. J. (2025) · Trends in Psychology · doi:10.1007/s43076-025-00504-5
- Authors
- Nyborg, H., & Jensen, A. R.
- Affiliations
- Aarhus University (DK)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nyborg, Helmuth
- ORCID
- Nyborg, Helmuth
- Venue
- Personality and Individual Differences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-03
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 593-599
- ISSN
- 0191-8869 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2045927061
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 9.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Personality and Individual Differences (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Keywords
- black-white disparities, Spearman's hypothesis, general intelligence, cognitive ability, psychometric tests, racial differences in intelligence
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