Testing Spearman's hypotheses using a bi-factor model with WAIS-IV/WMS-IV standardization data
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African-Americans and European-Americans differ in cognitive ability by nearly one standard deviation (d = 0.984; equivalent to 14.72 IQ points).
“The differences between these groups, which were equivalent to 14.72 IQ points, were primarily (75.59%) due to difference in general cognitive ability (g), consistent with Spearman's hypothesis.”
From Global Ancestry and Cognitive Ability (2019) · cites this paper as [73]
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Global Ancestry and Cognitive Ability
Lasker, J., Pesta, B. J., Fuerst, J. G. R., & Kirkegaard, E. O. W. (2019) · Psych · doi:10.3390/psych1010034 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“, [2,73]) in that there is a nearly one d difference in cognitive ability between African and European-Americans and that this difference is concentrated on the g factor.”
BackgroundBiogeographic Ancestry, Cognitive Ability and Socioeconomic Outcomes
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A Meta-Analysis of Spearman’s Hypothesis in the United States
Woodley of Menie, M., Peñaherrera-Aguirre, M., & Sarraf, M. (2026) · Intelligence & Cognitive Abilities · doi:10.65550/001c.171909
- Authors
- Frisby, C. L., & Beaujean, A. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Missouri (US)
- Baylor University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Frisby, Craig L.
- Venue
- Intelligence
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-07
- Volume
- 51
- Pages
- 79-97
- ISSN
- 0160-2896 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W977184918
- Semantic Scholar
- 3f9a4f109b937f01d4903847d439638c204967d1
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 136
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 8.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Intelligence (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
- Keywords
- Spearman's hypothesis, general intelligence factor, bifactor model, WAIS-IV, multi-group confirmatory factor analysis, racial differences in intelligence
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