Amphetamine releases dopamine from synaptic vesicles by dual mechanisms
Open accessAbstract
Low concentrations of D-amphetamine (AMPH) released [3H]dopamine (DA) from purified, rat brain synaptic vesicles with exponential kinetics and a half-time of 4 min. Slight alkalinization of the vesicles by AMPH seemed unable to account for this release. Instead, it is likely that AMPH partially inhibits DA uptake after which DA escapes by an uptake-independent pathway. At high concentrations the proton gradient was severely reduced by AMPH and DA was released with a half-time of < 1 min. Loss of the proton gradient was sufficient to account for this DA release. These results show that low concentrations of AMPH release DA from synaptic vesicles and suggest that release occurs by different mechanisms at low and high AMPH concentrations.
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The primary pharmacologic effect of both amphetamine and methylphenidate is to increase central dopamine and norepinephrine activity.
“The primary pharmacologic effect of both amphetamine and methylphenidate is to increase central dopamine and norepinephrine activity, which impacts executive and attentional function.”
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CHARACTERIZING DOPAMINE FUNCTION IN ADOLESCENT RATS
Matthews, M. (2012) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
- Authors
- Floor, E., & Meng, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Kansas (US)
- Corresponding author
- Floor, Erik
- ORCID
- Meng, Lihao
- Venue
- Neuroscience Letters
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1996-08
- Volume
- 215
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 53-56
- ISSN
- 0304-3940 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1984087850
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 0.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuroscience Letters (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p30ag010182-05)
- National Institute on Aging (AG 10182)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS 24890)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Keywords
- amphetamine, dopamine release, synaptic vesicles, dopamine uptake inhibition, proton gradient
- MeSH terms
- Amphetamine, Animals, Brain, Dopamine, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Presynaptic Terminals, Rats
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