Dopamine Release and Uptake Impairments and Behavioral Alterations Observed in Mice that Model Fragile X Mental Retardation Syndrome
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In this study we evaluated the relationship between amphetamine-induced behavioral alterations and dopamine release and uptake characteristics in Fmr1 knockout (Fmr1 KO) mice, which model fragile X syndrome. The behavioral analyses, obtained at millisecond temporal resolution and 2 mm spatial resolution using a force-plate actometer, revealed that Fmr1 KO mice express a lower degree of focused stereotypy compared to wild type (WT) control mice after injection with 10 mg/kg (ip) amphetamine. To identify potentially related neurochemical mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, we measured electrically-evoked dopamine release and uptake using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon-fiber microelectrodes in striatal brain slices. At 10 weeks of age, dopamine release per pulse, which is dopamine release corrected for differences in uptake, was unchanged. However, at 15 (the age of behavioral testing) and 20 weeks of age, dopamine per pulse and the maximum rate of dopamine uptake was diminished in Fmr1 KO mice compared to WT mice. Dopamine uptake measurements, obtained at different amphetamine concentrations, indicated that dopamine transporters in both genotypes have equal affinities for amphetamine. Moreover, dopamine release measurements from slices treated with quinpirole, a D2-family receptor agonist, rule out enhanced D2 autoreceptor sensitivity as a mechanism of release inhibition. However, dopamine release, uncorrected for uptake and normalized against the corresponding pre-drug release peaks, increased in Fmr1 KO mice, but not in WT mice. Collectively, these data are consistent with a scenario in which a decrease in extracellular dopamine levels in the striatum result in diminished expression of focused stereotypy in Fmr1 KO mice.
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In adult FMR1 mutant mice, a decrease in stimulated extracellular DA release and reuptake was seen in striatal brain slices, which was also associated with decreased repetitive movements/stereotypy.
“In adult mice, a decrease in stimulated extracellular DA release and reuptake was seen in FMR1 mutant mice, which was also associated with decreased repetitive movements/stereotypy.”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [713]
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Dichter, G. S., Damiano, C. A., & Allen, J. A. (2012) · Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders · doi:10.1186/1866-1955-4-19 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Fulks, J. L., O’Bryhim, B. E., Wenzel, S. K., Fowler, S. C., Vorontsova, E., Pinkston, J. W., Ortiz, A. N., & Johnson, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Kansas (US)
- Corresponding author
- Johnson, Michael A.
- Venue
- ACS Chemical Neuroscience
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2010-08-03
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 679-690
- ISSN
- 1948-7193 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2992329
- OpenAlex
- W1983476594
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- ACS Chemical Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Center for Research Resources (P20RR016475)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P30HD002528)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- fragile X syndrome, Fmr1 knockout mice, dopamine release, dopamine uptake, amphetamine-induced stereotypy, striatum, dopamine transporter, D2 autoreceptors, quinpirole, extracellular dopamine, fast-scan cyclic voltammetry
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