Cited by 579Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationPsychometric Methodologies and TestingAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

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A confirmatory factor analysis of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale: invariant factor structure across clinical and non-clinical populations

Van Damme, Stefaan, Crombez, Geert, Bijttebier, Patricia, Goubert, Liesbet, Van Houdenhove, Boudewijn·2002·Pain

DOI 10.1016/s0304-3959(01)00463-8

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Abstract

This study examined the factor structure of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale in three different Dutch-speaking samples: 550 pain-free students, 162 chronic low back pain patients, and 100 fibromyalgia patients. Confirmatory factor analyses were used to compare three different models of pain catastrophizing (one factor, two oblique factors, three oblique factors), and to investigate the invariance of the factor structure across the three different samples. The results indicated that a three-factor oblique model with a four-item rumination factor, a three-item magnification factor, and a six-item helplessness factor provided the best fit to the data in the three samples. Furthermore, it was found that this model could be considered as invariant across three samples (pain-free students, chronic low back pain patients, and fibromyalgia patients) and across gender, indicating that the same processes are measured in different subgroups.

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Self-citation

Authors: Van Damme, S., Crombez, G., Bijttebier, P., Goubert, L., & Van Houdenhove, B.
Affiliations: Ghent University (BE)
Fund for Scientific Research (BE)
ORCID: Crombez, Geert
Bijttebier, Patricia
Goubert, Liesbet
Venue: Pain
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2002-04
Volume: 96
Issue: 3
Pages: 319-324
ISSN: 0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3959(01)00463-8
OpenAlex: W2020682201
Cited by: 579
References: 35
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 40
FWCI: 9.48
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Pain (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: Pain Catastrophizing Scale, pain catastrophizing, factor structure, measurement invariance, rumination, magnification, helplessness, chronic low back pain, fibromyalgia, cross-cultural validation, gender differences
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Fibromyalgia, Humans, Male, Models, Psychological, Sex Factors, Low Back Pain

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A confirmatory factor analysis of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale: invariant factor structure across clinical and non-clinical populations

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