Background and history of the interface between anxiety and vertigo

Balaban, Carey D.; Jacob, Rolf G.

doi:10.1016/s0887-6185(00)00041-4

Cited by 156Vestibular and auditory disordersNeurology and Historical StudiesHistorical Psychiatry and Medical Practices

Background and history of the interface between anxiety and vertigo

Balaban, Carey D., Jacob, Rolf G.·2001·Journal of Anxiety Disorders

DOI 10.1016/s0887-6185(00)00041-4

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Abstract

The comorbidity of vertigo and anxiety has been an integral component of the medical literature since antiquity. In the works of Plato, the same terms were used in the context of vertigo, inebriation, height vertigo, disorientation, and mental confusion. In classical medicine, vertigo had the ambiguous status of being both a disease per se and a symptom of other diseases such as hypochondriacal melancholy. Further, two etiologies were described for vertigo: an origin in the head (brain) and an origin in the hypochondria (abdominal viscera). In the course of the development of a detailed neurologic taxonomy of vertigo in the latter half of the nineteenth century, a debate ensued whether agoraphobia was a form of vertigo or a distinct psychiatric condition. Elucidation of this forgotten debate, within its historical context, provides insights into the recent rediscovery of the balance-anxiety interface.

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The symptoms of PPPD are exacerbated by upright posture, active or passive movement, and exposure to moving or complex visual stimuli.
“PPPD manifests with one or more symptoms of dizziness, unsteadiness, or non-spinning vertigo that are present on most days for three months or more and are exacerbated by upright posture, active or passive movement, and exposure to moving or complex visual stimuli.”
From Diagnostic criteria for persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD): Consensus document of the committee for the Classification of Vestibular Disorders of the Bárány Society (2017) · cites this paper as [4]

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Background
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Authors: Balaban, C. D., & Jacob, R. G.
Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author: Balaban, Carey D.
ORCID: Balaban, Carey D.
Jacob, Rolf G.
Venue: Journal of Anxiety Disorders
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2001-01
Volume: 15
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 27-51
ISSN: 0887-6185 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0887-6185(00)00041-4
OpenAlex: W2083985232
Cited by: 156
References: 56
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 2.61
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Anxiety Disorders (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (R01DC000739, 1P01 DC03417, P01DC003417, R01 DC00739)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurology and Historical Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical Psychiatry and Medical Practices
Keywords: vertigo, anxiety, comorbidities, history of medicine, agoraphobia, health anxiety, vertigo etiology, balance disorders, history of neurology, classical medicine
MeSH terms: Agoraphobia, Anxiety Disorders, Humans, Vertigo, Comorbidity, History, 17th Century, History, 18th Century, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century, History, Ancient

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Background and history of the interface between anxiety and vertigo

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