The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
FETAL BIOPHYSICAL PROFILE
Abstract
This article begins with an outline of the theoretic basis of the fetal biophysical profile, the method for the biophysical profile score (BPS), and the timing and frequency of testing. The article further discusses the clinical management based on test scores; modified methods of the BPS; and clinical application, predictive accuracy, and impact on outcome of BPS. The authors specifically examine the relationship between BPS and cerebral palsy. They conclude with a discussion of adult sequelae and fetal adaptation to asphyxia.
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“The biophysical profile is not considered part of the routine mid-trimester scan 45 .”
From ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): performance of the routine mid‐trimester fetal ultrasound scan (2022) · cites this paper as [45]
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Cites
Barker, D. J., Osmond, C., Golding, J., Kuh, D., & Wadsworth, M. E. (1989) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.298.6673.564 · Cited by 2,415
Antepartum fetal evaluation: Development of a fetal biophysical profile
Manning, F. A., Platt, L. D., & Sipos, L. (1980) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(80)90457-3 · Cited by 776
Self-citationUltrasound evaluation of amniotic fluid volume
Chamberlain, P. F., Manning, F. A., Morrison, I., Harman, C. R., & Lange, I. R. (1984) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(84)90359-4 · Cited by 526
Self-citationRutherford, S. E., Phelan, J. P., Smith, C. V., & Jacobs, N. (1988) · Journal of diagnostic medical sonography · doi:10.1177/875647938800400131 · Cited by 372
Manning, F. A., Hill, C. M., & Platt, L. D. (1981) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(81)90004-1 · Cited by 276
Self-citationA prospective multi-institutional study of antepartum fetal heart rate monitoring
Freeman, R. K., Anderson, G. G., & Dorchester, W. L. (1982) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(82)90008-4 · Cited by 253
Manning, F. A., Morrison, I., Lange, I. R., Harman, C. R., & Chamberlain, P. F. (1985) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(85)90301-1 · Cited by 213
Self-citationManagement of acute chorioamnionitis
Gibbs, R. S., Castillo, M. S., & Pj, R. (1980) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(80)90445-7 · Cited by 189
The Fetal Biophysical Profile and Its Predictive Value
Vintzileos, A. M., Campbell, W. A., INGARDIA, C. J., & NOCHIMSON, D. J. (1983) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/00006250-198309000-00001 · Cited by 184
Clinical experience with the oxytocin challenge test
Ray, M., Freeman, R. K., Pine, S., & Hesselgesser, R. (1972) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(72)90279-7 · Cited by 174
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Campbell, 1980, Ultradian rhythm in the human fetus in the last 10 weeks' gestation: A review, Semin Perinatol, 4, 301
- Dawes, 1970, Respiratory movements and paradoxical sleep in the fetal lamb, J Physiol (London), 210, 47
- Okamura, 1991, Biophysical profile and its relationship to fetal blood gas level obtained by cordocentesis, Acta Obstet Gynaecol Jpn, 43, 1573
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–116 of 116
Fetal Growth Disorders (Content last reviewed: 15th March 2020)
Baschat, A., & Seravalli, V. (2017)
Kafr Shokr Veterinary Administration, Q., El-sayed, O., Kandiel, M., Ibrahim, S., Mahmoud, K. G. M., & Abou-El-Roos, M. (2021) · SPERMOVA · doi:10.18548/aspe/0009.06
Espinoza, J. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108297899.010
Vetrano, G., & Curtis, M. D. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-18159-2_242-1
Vetrano, G., & Curtis, M. D. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-29489-6_242
ASPECTOS NUTRICIONAIS NA PREMATURIDADE
Korkes, H. A., Pimentel, C., & Fernandes, I. (2022) · doi:10.22533/at.ed.81822100824
VITALIDADE FETAL NA PREMATURIDADE
Rodrigues, T. C. G. F., Coutinho, C. M., & Cavalli, R. D. C. (2022) · doi:10.22533/at.ed.81822100813
PREMATURIDADE E TRIAGEM NEONATAL
Fonseca, A. A., Micheletti, C., & Fonseca, J. H. R. (2022) · doi:10.22533/at.ed.81822100825
ASPECTOS NEUROLÓGICOS E ORTOPÉDICOS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DO PREMATURO
dos Santos, M. L. L., & Abreu, F. P. (2022) · doi:10.22533/at.ed.81822100819
O PAPEL DAS ORGANIZAÇÕES NÃO GOVERNAMENTAIS (ONGS) NO CONTEXTO DA PREMATURIDADE
Hennemann, A. C., neris, D. S., & Suguitani, D. (2022) · doi:10.22533/at.ed.81822100823
CUSTOS DA ASSISTÊNCIA A PREMATURIDADE
de Mello, F. B., & Goulart, A. L. (2022) · doi:10.22533/at.ed.81822100826
A study on risk factors and pregnancy outcomes associated with oligohydramnios during pregnancy
Poludasari, S., Uppari, L., Valiki, R., Kande, N., & Reddy, A. R. N. (2025) · International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics · doi:10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20254179
Antepartum Evaluation of Fetal Well-Being
Perlman, N. C., Lyell, D. J., & Druzin, M. L. (2026) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009418034.016
Parange, N. (2009) · Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide)
Additional Clinical Aspects of Developmental Physiology
Longo, L. D. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7921-5_15
Monitoring Fetal Well-Being in the Critical Care Setting
Cotter, K., & Sermer, M. (2009) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-445-2_7
Metadata
- Authors
- Manning, F. A.
- Affiliations
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Manning, Frank A.
- Venue
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-12
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 557-577
- ISSN
- 0889-8545 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2089632175
- Cited by
- 117
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 1.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Keywords
- fetal biophysical profile, fetal heart rate monitoring, nonstress test, fetal breathing movements, fetal hypoxemia, fetal acidosis, perinatal mortality, perinatal morbidity, antepartum fetal surveillance, fetal oxygenation, fetal lung maturity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Fetal Hypoxia, Embryonic and Fetal Development, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Reference Values, Sensitivity and Specificity, Cardiotocography, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, Practice Guidelines as Topic
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