Cited by 280Biochemical Acid Research StudiesNatural Antidiabetic Agents StudiesDiabetes Treatment and Management

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Oral administration of rac-α-lipoic acid modulates insulin sensitivity in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled pilot trial

Jacob, S, Ruus, P, Hermann, R, Tritschler, H.J, Maerker, E, Renn, W, Augustin, H.J, Dietze, G.J, Rett, K·1999·Free Radical Biology and Medicine

DOI 10.1016/s0891-5849(99)00089-1

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Abstract

Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a naturally occuring compound and a radical scavenger was shown to enhance glucose transport and utilization in different experimental and animal models. Clinical studies described an increase of insulin sensitivity after acute and short-term (10 d) parenteral administration of ALA. The effects of a 4-week oral treatment with alpha-lipoic acid were evaluated in a placebo-controlled, multicenter pilot study to determine see whether oral treatment also improves insulin sensitivity. Seventy-four patients with type-2 diabetes were randomized to either placebo (n = 19); or active treatment in various doses of 600 mg once daily (n = 19), twice daily (1200 mg; n = 18), or thrice daily (1800 mg; n = 18) alpha-lipoic acid. An isoglycemic glucose-clamp was done on days 0 (pre) and 29 (post). In this explorative study, analysis was done according to the number of subjects showing an improvement of insulin sensitivity after treatment. Furthermore, the effects of active vs. placebo treatment on insulin sensitivity was compared. All four groups were comparable and had a similar degree of hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity at baseline. When compared to placebo, significantly more subjects had an increase in insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (MCR) after ALA treatment in each group. As there was no dose effect seen in the three different alpha-lipoic acid groups, all subjects receiving ALA were combined in the "active" group and then compared to placebo. This revealed significantly different changes in MCR after treatment (+27% vs. placebo; p < .01). This placebo-controlled explorative study confirms previous observations of an increase of insulin sensitivity in type-2 diabetes after acute and chronic intravenous administration of ALA. The results suggest that oral administration of alpha-lipoic acid can improve insulin sensitivity in patients with type-2 diabetes. The encouraging findings of this pilot trial need to be substantiated by further investigations.

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Authors: Jacob, S., Ruus, P., Hermann, R., Tritschler, H. J., Maerker, E., Renn, W., Augustin, H. J., Dietze, G. J., & Rett, K.
Affiliations: Max Grundig Klinik (DE)
University of Tübingen (DE)
Corresponding author: Jacob, S
ORCID: Rett, K
Venue: Free Radical Biology and Medicine
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1999-08
Volume: 27
Issue: 3-4
Pages: 309-314
ISSN: 0891-5849 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0891-5849(99)00089-1
OpenAlex: W2088208009
Cited by: 280
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 4.88
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Free Radical Biology and Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Biochemical Acid Research Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Keywords: alpha-lipoic acid, type 2 diabetes, insulin sensitivity, oral administration, glucose disposal, dose comparison
MeSH terms: Administration, Oral, Anthropometry, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Thioctic Acid, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Stereoisomerism, Glucose Clamp Technique, Free Radical Scavengers

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Oral administration of rac-α-lipoic acid modulates insulin sensitivity in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled pilot trial

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