The DOI matches its Crossref record; 57 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Brain Systems Mediating Aversive Conditioning: an Event-Related fMRI Study
Open accessAbstract
We have used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to characterize neural responses associated with emotional learning. Employing a classical conditioning paradigm in which faces were conditioned by pairing with an aversive tone (US), we compared responses evoked by conditioned (CS+) and nonconditioned (CS-) stimuli. Pairing 50% of the CS+ with the US enabled us to constrain our analysis to responses evoked by a CS+ not followed by a US. Differential evoked responses, related to conditioning, were found in the anterior cingulate and the anterior insula, regions with known involvement in emotional processing. Differential responses of the amygdalae were best characterized by a time by stimulus interaction indicating a rapid adaptation of CS+-specific responses in this region.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies soon followed that showed increased blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal in the amygdala to a conditioned stimulus (relative to stimulus never paired with shock) [75, 76], and the magnitude of this BOLD response was correlated with the strength of the conditioned response [76].”
From Prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and threat processing: implications for PTSD (2022) · cites this paper as [75]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“neuroimaging studies in humans have likewise implicated the amygdala in fear acquisition and extinction (Buchel et al., 1998; LaBar et al., 1998; Milad et al., 2007; Phelps et al., 2004)”
From Phasic and sustained fear in humans elicits distinct patterns of brain activity (2011) · cites this paper as Buchel et al., 1998
In the citing paper
“It is also consistent with previous studies showing a rapid reduction in amygdala activation over time in fear conditioning (Buchel et al., 1998; LaBar et al., 1998) and threat of shock (Phelps et al., 2001).”
From Phasic and sustained fear in humans elicits distinct patterns of brain activity (2011) · cites this paper as Buchel et al., 1998
In the citing paper
“During threat acquisition, a neutral cue comes to be associated with an aversive outcome (conditioned stimulus (CS)), which leads to greater amygdala activity to the cue2.”
From Multimodal evidence for delayed threat extinction learning in adolescence and young adulthood (2019) · cites this paper as [2]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Statistical parametric maps in functional imaging: A general linear approach
Friston, K. J., Holmes, A. P., Worsley, K. J., Poline, J. ‐., Frith, C. D., & Frackowiak, R. S. J. (1994) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.460020402 · Cited by 9,688
Self-citationDynamic magnetic resonance imaging of human brain activity during primary sensory stimulation.
Kwong, K. K., Belliveau, J. W., Chesler, D. A., Goldberg, I. E., Weisskoff, R. M., Poncelet, B. P., Kennedy, D. N., Hoppel, B. E., Cohen, M. S., & Turner, R. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.12.5675 · Cited by 4,212
Spatial registration and normalization of images
Friston, K. J., Ashburner, J., Frith, C., Poline, J.-B., Heather, J. D., & Frackowiak, R. S. J. (1995) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.460030303 · Cited by 3,744
Self-citationContributions of anterior cingulate cortex to behaviour
Devinsky, O., Morrell, M. J., & Vogt, B. A. (1995) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/118.1.279 · Cited by 3,377
Pain Affect Encoded in Human Anterior Cingulate But Not Somatosensory Cortex
Rainville, P., Duncan, G. H., Price, D. D., Carrier, B., & Bushnell, M. C. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.277.5328.968 · Cited by 2,629
Analysis of fMRI Time-Series Revisited
Friston, K. J., Holmes, A. P., Poline, J., Grasby, P. M., Williams, S., Frackowiak, R. S. J., & Turner, R. (1995) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.1995.1007 · Cited by 2,504
Self-citationWhalen, P. J., Rauch, S. L., Etcoff, N. L., McInerney, S. C., Lee, M. B., & Jenike, M. A. (1998) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.18-01-00411.1998 · Cited by 2,205
Analysis of fMRI Time-Series Revisited—Again
Worsley, K. J., & Friston, K. J. (1995) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.1995.1023 · Cited by 2,198
Self-citationCircuitry and functional aspects of the insular lobe in primates including humans
AUGUSTINE, J. (1996) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(96)00011-2 · Cited by 1,776
Response and Habituation of the Human Amygdala during Visual Processing of Facial Expression
Breiter, H. C., Etcoff, N. L., Whalen, P. J., Kennedy, W. A., Rauch, S. L., Buckner, R. L., Strauss, M. M., Hyman, S. E., & Rosen, B. R. (1996) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80219-6 · Cited by 1,711
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Casey, 1995, Imaging the brain in pain—potentials, limitations, and implications, Adv. Pain Res. Ther, 22, 201
- LeDoux, J. (1996). A few degrees of separation. In The Emotional Brain. (New York: Simon and Schuster), pp. 138–178.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
LeDoux, J. E. (2000) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.155 · Cited by 8,444
Functional neuroanatomy of emotion: A meta-analysis of emotion activation studies in PET and fMRI
Phan, K. L., Wager, T., Taylor, S. F., & Liberzon, I. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2002.1087 · Cited by 3,502
Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness
Critchley, H. D., Wiens, S., Rotshtein, P., Öhman, A., & Dolan, R. J. (2004) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1176 · Cited by 3,406
Self-citationEtkin, A., & Wager, T. D. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07030504 · Cited by 3,391
Contributions of the Amygdala to Emotion Processing: From Animal Models to Human Behavior
Phelps, E. A., & LeDoux, J. E. (2005) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.09.025 · Cited by 3,203
Metadata
- Authors
- Büchel, C., Morris, J., Dolan, R. J., & Friston, K. J.
- Affiliations
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (GB)
- The Royal Free Hospital (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Büchel, Christian
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-05
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 947-957
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2052869567
- Cited by
- 951
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 48
- FWCI
- 21.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Keywords
- aversive conditioning, emotional learning, classical conditioning, anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula, amygdala, neural adaptation, emotional processing
- MeSH terms
- Amygdala, Cerebral Cortex, Conditioning, Classical, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Evoked Potentials, Visual, Facial Expression, Female, Galvanic Skin Response, Gyrus Cinguli, Hemodynamics, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Motor Cortex, Red Nucleus
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
