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Auditory hallucinations: a review of psychological treatments
Abstract
Auditory hallucinations (AH) occur frequently amongst psychiatric patients, being most common in schizophrenia. In 25-30% of cases they are refractory to traditional antipsychotic drugs. A variety of psychosocial treatments have been used, but their efficacy remains unclear. This review aims to bring together the more recent studies of psychological treatments and discuss them in the context of recent cognitive models of hallucinations and functional imaging studies. The search strategy included the following sources: MEDLINE, Embase and Psychlit. Strategies reported by patients can be categorised as: (1) distracting activities, such as listening to music; (2) behavioural tasks, such as taking exercise; (3) cognitive tasks, such as ignoring AH. Almost all the strategies produced some benefit in some patients: treatment often improved AH-associated distress, rather than frequency of AH. There are many difficulties in conducting research on AH. Treatment should be individually tailored and used as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy. Future theory-driven studies need to be based on complex aetiological models and incorporate functional imaging to elucidate the physiological changes induced by therapeutic interventions.
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“they may be refractory to current treatment options in around 25% of cases (Shergill et al., 1998).”
From Auditory verbal hallucinations as atypical inner speech monitoring, and the potential of neurostimulation as a treatment option (2013) · cites this paper as Shergill et al., 1998
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“Other studies show that physically active patients experience auditory hallucinations as less distressing (Falloon & Talbot, 1981; Holmes et al., 1994; Shergill et al., 1998).”
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“This risk is not merely academic, as psychotic patients report using deliberate ignoring and distraction as methods of suppressing psychotic symptoms ( Shergill, Murray, & McGuire, 1998 ).”
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“Moreover, when treatment is indicated, they can, in a significant proportion of people, prove persistent [13].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Shergill, S. S., Murray, R. M., & McGuire, P. K.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Shergill, Sukhwinder S
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-08
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 137-150
- ISSN
- 0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1989579069
- Cited by
- 313
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 0.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hallucinations in medical conditions
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Keywords
- auditory hallucinations, schizophrenia
- MeSH terms
- Auditory Perception, Behavior Therapy, Hallucinations, Humans, Schizophrenia, Antipsychotic Agents, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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