The DOI matches its Crossref record; 71 of the 71 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Addiction and its reward process through polymorphisms of the D2dopamine receptor gene: a review
Abstract
Summary: Since 1990, association studies have amassed strong evidence implicating the D 2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) gene in alcoholism. Specifically, the Taq l A minor (A1) allele of the DRD2 gene has been associated with alcoholism. The DRD2 gene has also been found to be involved in other substance use disorders including cocaine, nicotine and opioid dependence, and obesity. Beyond association studies, pharmacologic studies have shown reduced brain D 2 dopamine receptor numbers in A1+allele carriers (A1A1 and A1A2 genotypes) compared to A1–allele carriers (A2A2 genotype). Through a number of other approaches, different phenotypes have also been identified in subjects with the A1+and A1–alleles. These include metabolic, neurophysiological, neuropsychological, personality, stress and treatment studies. It is hypothesized that in an effort to compensate for deficiencies in the dopaminergic system, substance abusers may seek to stimulate the mesocorticolimbic circuits of the brain, long thought to be important in behavioral reward and reinforcement. In effect, one form of the DRD2 gene, the A1 allele, renders the dopaminergic system inefficient and rewards substance abuse that increases brain dopamine levels.
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Cites
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Allelic Association of Human Dopamine D2 Receptor Gene in Alcoholism
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Cited by
Dopamine D2 receptors in addiction-like reward dysfunction and compulsive eating in obese rats
Johnson, P. M., & Kenny, P. J. (2010) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2519 · Cited by 1,495
Reward mechanisms in obesity: new insights and future directions
Kenny, P. J. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.02.016 · Cited by 748
Extinction circuits for fear and addiction overlap in prefrontal cortex
Peters, J., Kalivas, P. W., & Quirk, G. J. (2009) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.1041309 · Cited by 736
Targeting Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2: New Therapeutic Opportunities
Chen, C.-H., Ferreira, J. C. B., Gross, E. R., & Mochly-Rosen, D. (2014) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00017.2013 · Cited by 614
Sora, I., Hall, F. S., Andrews, A. M., Itokawa, M., Li, X.-F., Wei, H.-B., Wichems, C., Lesch, K.-P., Murphy, D. L., & Uhl, G. R. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.091039298 · Cited by 477
Metadata
- Authors
- Noble, E. P.
- Venue
- European Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2000-03
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 79-89
- ISSN
- 0924-9338 (ISSN-L)
- 1778-3585
- OpenAlex
- W2003224343
- Cited by
- 314
- References
- 71
- FWCI
- 4.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
