Cited by 722Human-Animal Interaction StudiesPrimate Behavior and EcologyChild and Animal Learning Development

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A Simple Reason for a Big Difference

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Miklósi, Ádám, Kubinyi, Enikö, Topál, József, Gácsi, Márta, Virányi, Zsófia, Csányi, Vilmos·2003·Current Biology

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Abstract

The present investigations were undertaken to compare interspecific communicative abilities of dogs and wolves, which were socialized to humans at comparable levels. The first study demonstrated that socialized wolves were able to locate the place of hidden food indicated by the touching and, to some extent, pointing cues provided by the familiar human experimenter, but their performance remained inferior to that of dogs. In the second study, we have found that, after undergoing training to solve a simple manipulation task, dogs that are faced with an insoluble version of the same problem look/gaze at the human, while socialized wolves do not. Based on these observations, we suggest that the key difference between dog and wolf behavior is the dogs' ability to look at the human's face. Since looking behavior has an important function in initializing and maintaining communicative interaction in human communication systems, we suppose that by positive feedback processes (both evolutionary and ontogenetically) the readiness of dogs to look at the human face has lead to complex forms of dog-human communication that cannot be achieved in wolves even after extended socialization.

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Authors: Miklósi, Á., Kubinyi, E., Topál, J., Gácsi, M., Virányi, Z., & Csányi, V.
Affiliations: Eötvös Loránd University (HU)
Corresponding author: Miklósi, Ádám
ORCID: Miklósi, Ádám
Topál, József
Gácsi, Márta
Virányi, Zsófia
Venue: Current Biology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2003-04
Volume: 13
Issue: 9
Pages: 763-766
ISSN: 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9822(03)00263-x
OpenAlex: W1975455171
Cited by: 718
References: 21
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 41 · 2012: 24
FWCI: 7.30
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 3760 d)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
Locations: Current Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
WBI Studies Repository (submittedVersion)
Funders: Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (T029705)
Magyar Tudományos Akadémia (F226/98)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Human-Animal Interaction Studies
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Primate Behavior and Ecology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
Keywords: interspecific communication, human-animal communication, socialization, pointing cues, hidden food location, positive feedback, evolution of communication, dogs
MeSH terms: Animals, Animal Communication, Dogs, Humans, Species Specificity, Wolves, Recognition, Psychology

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