Mechanisms in tissue-specific regulation of estrogen biosynthesis in humans

Kamat, Amrita; Hinshelwood, Margaret M; Murry, Barbara A; Mendelson, Carole R

doi:10.1016/s1043-2760(02)00567-2

Cited by 215Estrogen and related hormone effectsGenomics and Chromatin DynamicsSexual Differentiation and Disorders

Mechanisms in tissue-specific regulation of estrogen biosynthesis in humans

Kamat, Amrita, Hinshelwood, Margaret M, Murry, Barbara A, Mendelson, Carole R·2002·Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism

DOI 10.1016/s1043-2760(02)00567-2

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Abstract

In humans, aromatase P450, which catalyses conversion of C(19)-steroids to estrogens, is expressed in several tissues, including gonads, brain, adipose tissue, skin and placenta, and is encoded by a single-copy gene (CYP19); however, this does not hold true for all species. The human gene is approximately 130 kb and its expression is regulated, in part, by tissue-specific promoters and by alternative splicing mechanisms. Using transgenic mouse technology, it was observed that ovary-, adipose tissue- and placenta-specific expression of human CYP19 is directed by relatively small segments of DNA within 500 bp upstream of each of the tissue-specific first exons. Thus, the use of alternative promoters allows greater versatility in tissue-specific regulation of CYP19 expression. Characterization and identification of transcription factors and crucial cis-acting elements within genomic regions that direct tissue-specific expression will contribute to improved understanding of the regulation of CYP19 expression in the tissues that synthesize estrogens under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.

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Estrogen exerts a negative feedback on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and decreases the release of FSH from the pituitary gland.
“Estrogen exerts a negative feedback on the hypothalamicpituitary axis and decreases the release of FSH from the pituitary gland (42)(43)(44)(45)(46).”
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Authors: Kamat, A., Hinshelwood, M. M., Murry, B. A., & Mendelson, C. R.
Affiliations: The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Mendelson, Carole R
ORCID: Mendelson, Carole R
Venue: Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2002-04
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Pages: 122-128
ISSN: 1043-2760 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s1043-2760(02)00567-2
OpenAlex: W2006521167
Cited by: 215
References: 64
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 1.71
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK031206, 5-R01-DK31206)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
Keywords: aromatase, estrogen synthesis, tissue-specific gene expression, alternative promoters, alternative splicing, transcription factors, cis-regulatory elements, ovary, adipose tissue, placenta, transgenic mice
MeSH terms: Adipose Tissue, Aromatase, Brain, Estrogens, Gonads, Humans, Organ Specificity, Placenta, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Alternative Splicing

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Mechanisms in tissue-specific regulation of estrogen biosynthesis in humans

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