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Cited by 601Eating Disorders and BehaviorsNutrition, Health and Food BehaviorObesity, Physical Activity, Diet

Prevalence and risk and protective factors related to disordered eating behaviors among adolescents: relationship to gender and ethnicity

CROLL, J, NEUMARKSZTAINER, D, STORY, M, IRELAND, M·2002·Journal of Adolescent Health
DOI 10.1016/s1054-139x(02)00368-3
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Abstract

Purpose To examine the current prevalence of disordered eating behaviors in a large sample of adolescents, by gender and ethnicity, and to identify gender and ethnic-specific risk and protective factors.Methods The study population included 81,247 9th- and 12th-graders who completed the 1998 Minnesota Student Survey, a self-report, school-based survey which included questions about disordered eating behaviors and a variety of psychosocial characteristics.Results Fifty-six percent of 9th-grade females and 28% of 9th-grade males report disordered eating behaviors (i.e. one or more of the following to lose or control weight: fasting or skipping meals, diet pills, vomiting, laxatives or smoking cigarettes; and binge-eating), with slightly higher rates among 12th-grade females and males, 57% and 31%, respectively. Among both genders, Hispanic and American Indian youth reported the highest prevalence of disordered eating. Risk factors for disordered eating among both males and females included cigarette smoking, appearance concerns, and alcohol use. Protective factors for both males and females were positive self-esteem, emotional well-being, school achievement, and family connectedness. While risk and protective factors were similar across gender, they differed across ethnicity particularly among females.Conclusions Health professionals working with youth need to be aware of the high prevalence of these subclinical disordered eating behaviors, ask appropriate screening questions, and provide resources and referral, if necessary, for youth reporting these behaviors. Knowledge of risk and protective factors can serve to guide intervention and prevention efforts, particularly as they apply across ethnicity.

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  • Before the pandemic, 50-60% of adolescents reported disturbed eating behaviors such as fasting, taking diet pills or laxatives, vomiting, and binge eating.

    “Before pandemic, ~85% of adolescents were unhappy with their body (Ricciardelli and McCabe, 2001), and 50–60% reported “disturbed eating behaviors” (e.g., fasting, taking diet pills or laxatives, vomiting, and binge eating) (Croll et al., 2002; Quick and Byrd-Bredbenner, 2013).”

    From Eating Disorders Spectrum During the COVID Pandemic: A Systematic Review (2021) · cites this paper as Croll et al., 2002

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Authors
CROLL, J., NEUMARKSZTAINER, D., STORY, M., & IRELAND, M.
Affiliations
University of Minnesota (US)
Corresponding author
CROLL, J
Venue
Journal of Adolescent Health
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2002-08
Volume
31
Issue
2
Pages
166-175
ISSN
1054-139X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s1054-139x(02)00368-3
OpenAlex
W2057211341
Cited by
601
References
45
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 43 · 2012: 34
FWCI
17.67
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Adolescent Health (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Keywords
disordered eating, adolescents, prevalence, gender differences, ethnicity, Latino youth, Native American youth, risk factors, protective factors, binge eating, weight control behaviors, appearance concerns, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, self-esteem, emotional well-being, family connectedness, academic performance, eating disorder screening
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Female, Humans, Life Style, Male, Minnesota, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Sex Factors, Students, Prevalence, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

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