CTCF Tethers an Insulator to Subnuclear Sites, Suggesting Shared Insulator Mechanisms across Species
Open accessAbstract
Insulators can block an enhancer of one gene from activating a promoter on another nearby gene. Almost all described vertebrate insulators require binding of the regulatory protein CTCF for their activity. We show that CTCF copurifies with the nucleolar protein nucleophosmin and both are present at insulator sites in vivo. Furthermore, exogenous insulator sequences are tethered to the nucleolus in a CTCF-dependent manner. These interactions, quite different from those of the gypsy insulator element in Drosophila, may generate similar loop structures, suggesting a common theme and model for enhancer-blocking insulator action.
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CTCF itself can mediate chromatin loop formation at the nucleolar surface.
“This was partially reconciled by the finding that CTCF itself can mediate chromatin loop formation at the nucleolar surface [331].”
From Transcriptional enhancers and their communication with gene promoters (2021) · cites this paper as [331]
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- Authors
- Yusufzai, T. M., Tagami, H., Nakatani, Y., & Felsenfeld, G.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Felsenfeld, Gary
- ORCID
- Felsenfeld, Gary
- Venue
- Molecular Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-01
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 291-298
- ISSN
- 1097-2765 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2021080331
- Cited by
- 479
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 14.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nuclear Structure and Function
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
- Keywords
- CTCF, insulators, enhancer blocking, nucleophosmin, nucleolus, subnuclear organization, chromatin looping, gypsy insulator, enhancer-promoter interactions
- MeSH terms
- CCCTC-Binding Factor, Nucleophosmin, Animals, Binding Sites, Cell Nucleus, Chickens, Chromatin, DNA-Binding Proteins, HeLa Cells, Humans, Models, Biological, Nuclear Proteins, Precipitin Tests, Protein Binding, Repressor Proteins, Species Specificity, Mass Spectrometry, Silver Staining, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, DNA, Complementary, Dimerization, K562 Cells
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