The DOI matches its Crossref record; 107 of the 107 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Role of the sclera in the development and pathological complications of myopia
Open accessAbstract
Myopia is one of the most prevalent ocular conditions and is the result of a mismatch between the power of the eye and axial length of the eye. As a result images of distant objects are brought to a focus in front of the retina resulting in blurred vision. In the vast majority of cases the structural cause of myopia is an excessive axial length of the eye, or more specifically the vitreous chamber depth. In about 2% of the general population, the degree of myopia is above 6 dioptres (D) and is termed high myopia. The prevalence of sight-threatening ocular pathology is markedly increased in eyes with high degrees of myopia ( > -6 D). This results from the excessive axial elongation of the eye which, by necessity, must involve the outer coat of the eye, the sclera. Consequently, high myopia is reported as a leading cause of registered blindness and partial sight. Current theories of refractive development acknowledge the pivotal role of the sclera in the control of eye size and the development of myopia. This review considers the major biochemical mechanisms that underlie the normal development of the mammalian sclera and how the scleral structure influences the rate of eye growth during development. The review will characterise the aberrant mechanisms of scleral remodelling which underlie the development of myopia. In describing these mechanisms we highlight how certain critical events in both the early and later stages of myopia development lead to scleral thinning, the loss of scleral tissue, the weakening of the scleral mechanical properties and, ultimately, to the development of posterior staphyloma. This review aims to build on existing models to illustrate that the prevention of aberrant scleral remodelling must be the goal of any long-term therapy for the amelioration of the permanent vision loss associated with high myopia.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in connective tissue remodeling
Woessner, J. F. (1991) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.5.8.1850705 · Cited by 3,282
Effect of Collagen Turnover on the Accumulation of Advanced Glycation End Products
Verzijl, N., DeGroot, J., Thorpe, S. R., Bank, R. A., Shaw, J. N., Lyons, T. J., Bijlsma, J. W. J., Lafeber, F. P. J. G., Baynes, J. W., & TeKoppele, J. M. (2000) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m006700200 · Cited by 963
Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Is an Interstitial Collagenase
Aimes, R. T., & Quigley, J. P. (1995) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.270.11.5872 · Cited by 944
Accommodation, refractive error and eye growth in chickens
Schaeffel, F., Glasser, A., & Howland, H. C. (1988) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90113-7 · Cited by 689
Bianco, P., Fisher, L. W., Young, M. F., Termine, J. D., & Robey, P. G. (1990) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1177/38.11.2212616 · Cited by 666
Myopia and eye enlargement after neonatal lid fusion in monkeys
WIESEL, T. N., & RAVIOLA, E. (1977) · Nature · doi:10.1038/266066a0 · Cited by 611
Collagen fibrillogenesis in vitro: interaction of types I and V collagen regulates fibril diameter
Birk, D. E., Fitch, J. M., Babiarz, J. P., Doane, K. J., & Linsenmayer, T. F. (1990) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.95.4.649 · Cited by 596
Moving the retina: Choroidal modulation of refractive state
Wallman, J., Wildsoet, C., Xu, A., Gottlieb, M. D., Nickla, D. L., Marran, L., Krebs, W., & Christensen, A. M. (1995) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/0042-6989(94)e0049-q · Cited by 587
Prevalence of Myopia in the United States
Sperduto, R. D., Seigel, D., Roberts, J., & Rowland, M. (1983) · Archives of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/archopht.1983.01040010405011 · Cited by 569
Extreme Myopia Produced by Modest Change in Early Visual Experience
Wallman, J., Turkel, J., & Trachtman, J. (1978) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.694514 · Cited by 558
Cited by
IMI – Report on Experimental Models of Emmetropization and Myopia
Troilo, D., Smith, E. L., Nickla, D. L., Ashby, R., Tkatchenko, A. V., Ostrin, L. A., Gawne, T. J., Pardue, M. T., Summers, J. A., Kee, C.-S., et al. (2019) · Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.18-25967 · Cited by 487
Biomechanics of the Sclera in Myopia: Extracellular and Cellular Factors
McBrien, N. A., Jobling, A. I., & Gentle, A. (2009) · Optometry and Vision Science · doi:10.1097/opx.0b013e3181940669 · Cited by 310
Self-citationOcular Pulse Amplitude in Healthy Subjects as Measured by Dynamic Contour Tonometry
Kaufmann, C. (2006) · Archives of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/archopht.124.8.1104 · Cited by 154
Ultrastructural changes in the retinopathy, globe enlarged (rge) chick cornea
Boote, C., Hayes, S., Young, R. D., Kamma-Lorger, C. S., Hocking, P. M., Elsheikh, A., Inglehearn, C. F., Ali, M., & Meek, K. M. (2009) · Journal of Structural Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2009.01.009 · Cited by 37
White, T. L., Lewis, P., Hayes, S., Fergusson, J., Bell, J., Farinha, L., White, N. S., Pereira, L. V., & Meek, K. M. (2017) · Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.16-21358 · Cited by 34
Metadata
- Authors
- McBrien, N.
- Venue
- Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-05
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 307-338
- ISSN
- 1350-9462 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2170786019
- Cited by
- 616
- References
- 107
- FWCI
- 8.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Role of the sclera in the development and pathological complications of myopia. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/s1350-9462(02)00063-0
- The paper
- McBrien, N. (2003). Role of the sclera in the development and pathological complications of myopia. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1350-9462(02)00063-0
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
