Cited by 1,745Cancer Immunotherapy and BiomarkersHead and Neck Cancer StudiesNonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies

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Safety and clinical activity of pembrolizumab for treatment of recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (KEYNOTE-012): an open-label, multicentre, phase 1b trial

Seiwert, Tanguy Y, Burtness, Barbara, Mehra, Ranee, Weiss, Jared, Berger, Raanan, Eder, Joseph Paul, Heath, Karl, McClanahan, Terrill, Lunceford, Jared, Gause, Christine, Cheng, Jonathan D, Chow, Laura Q·2016·The Lancet Oncology

DOI 10.1016/s1470-2045(16)30066-3

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Abstract

Background Patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck have few treatment options. We aimed to assess the safety, tolerability, and antitumour activity of pembrolizumab, a humanised anti-programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) antibody, in patients with PD-L1-positive recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Methods This study was an open-label, multicentre, phase 1b trial of patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Patients were eligible for enrolment if they were aged 18 years or older, had a confirmed diagnosis of recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, and had any level of PD-L1 expression (ie, at least 1% of tumour cells or stroma that were PD-L1-positive by immunohistochemistry). Patients received pembrolizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks. Primary outcomes were safety in the per-protocol population and the proportion of patients with centrally reviewed overall response per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST, version 1.1). Overall response was analysed in the full analysis set, which was defined as all patients who had received at least one dose of pembrolizumab, had measurable disease at baseline, and one post-baseline scan or patients without a post-baseline scan who discontinued therapy because of disease progression or a drug-related adverse event. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT…

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Background
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BackgroundResult
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Background
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Background
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Background
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Background
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Background
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Result
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BackgroundMethodInfluential
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Background
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Ley, J., Wildes, T., Daly, K., Oppelt, P., & Adkins, D. (2017) · Medical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12032-017-0884-7 · Cited by 17
Pan-cancer analysis reveals that TK1 promotes tumor progression by mediating cell proliferation and Th2 cell polarization
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“For example, the implementation of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has demonstrated a substantial increase in the survival rate of select patients diagnosed with advanced melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma [5–7].”
Background
Identification of a novel immune-related gene signature for prognosis and the tumor microenvironment in patients with uveal melanoma combining single-cell and bulk sequencing data
Wang, W., Zhao, H., & Wang, S. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1099071 · Cited by 16
CD8+ T cell/cancer-associated fibroblast ratio stratifies prognostic and predictive responses to immunotherapy across multiple cancer types
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“Looking at unselected patients with HNSCC, response rates are relatively low compared with other tumor entities, ranging from 10 to 20% [52,173].”
Background
NKG2A and PD-L1 expression panel predicts clinical benefits from adjuvant chemotherapy and PD-L1 blockade in muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Yan, S., Zeng, H., Jin, K.-F., Shao, F., Liu, Z.-X., Chang, Y.-Y., Wang, Y.-W., Zhu, Y., Wang, Z.-W., Xu, L., et al. (2022) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2022-004569 · Cited by 16
“14 To address this need, we integrated PD-L1 and classic immune checkpoint for identifying potential combinatorial biomarkers to predict ICB and ACT response.”
Use of Fluoro-[18F]-Deoxy-2-D-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography to Predict Immunotherapy Treatment Response in Patients With Squamous Cell Oral Cavity Cancers
Shah, H., Wang, Y., Cheng, S., Gunasti, L., Chen, Y., Lako, A., Guenette, J. P., Rodig, S. J., Jo, V. Y., Uppaluri, R., et al. (2022) · JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery · doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2021.4052 · Cited by 17
Squamous cell carcinoma: 2021 updated review of treatment
Dreyfuss, I., Kamath, P., Frech, F., Hernandez, L., & Nouri, K. (2022) · Dermatologic Therapy · doi:10.1111/dth.15308 · Cited by 16
“Checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab, are also and updated treatment of SCC, as they have addressed the high mutational loads of SCC with infiltration of lymphocytes and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression.(1,33) Once diagnosed, full-body screenings should be performed at”
Background
Results of concurrent radiotherapy and immunotherapy in recurrent and metastatic head and neck cancer: A single-center experience
Sarı, S. Y., Yılmaz, M. T., Aktaş, B. Y., Aksoy, S., Güllü, İ., Cengiz, M., Özyiğit, G., & Yazıcı, G. (2021) · Oral Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105658 · Cited by 15
TNF Patterns and Tumor Microenvironment Characterization in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Qian, L., Huang, C., Qi, M., Peng, J., Fan, Y., Du, D., Wang, X., Zhu, W., Shi, D., Xu, X., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.754818 · Cited by 18
Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications of Immune Classification by CD8+ Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and PD-L1 Expression in Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
García-Marín, R., Reda, S., Riobello, C., Cabal, V. N., Suárez-Fernández, L., Vivanco, B., Álvarez-Marcos, C., López, F., Llorente, J., & Hermsen, M. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22136926 · Cited by 16
“However, there is a need for predictive biomarkers as clinical responses have been observed in only 13–22% of HNSCC patients [9,10,43].”
Background
Immunotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review
Sharon, S., & Bell, R. B. (2021) · Frontiers of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine · doi:10.21037/fomm-21-48 · Cited by 18
Impact of treatment delay due to the pandemic of COVID-19 on the efficacy of immunotherapy in head and neck cancer patients
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Comprehensive characterization of the tumor microenvironment for assessing immunotherapy outcome in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
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The 5-Ws of immunotherapy in head and neck cancer
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Programmed death-ligand 1 expression profiling in thymic epithelial cell tumors: Clinicopathological features and quantitative digital image analyses
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Guillain-Barre syndrome induced by pembrolizumab and sunitinib: A case report
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“HNSCC remain overall of poor prognosis,(3) and recent marketing of new immunotherapy is expected to lower the burden of HNSCC.(4,5) However, early cost-effectiveness analyses conducted in the US and UK suggest that routine use of immunotherapy in HNSCC is most likely unaffordable in high-income countries.”
BackgroundInfluential
Cardiac Metastasis in a Patient with Head and Neck Cancer: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
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A gene signature associated with prognosis and immune processes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
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“patients with metastatic HNSCC was recently conducted, and it indicated the promising anticancer therapeutic value of pembrolizumab.(47) In our study, the levels of expression IFN-γ, IDO, PD-1, and PD-L1 were all significantly increased in the low SIG12 group, suggesting the potential for design of immunotherapeutic r…”
The value of immunotherapy in head and neck cancer
Manca, P., Raez, L., Salzberg, M., Sánchez, J., Hunis, B., & Rolfo, C. (2019) · Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy · doi:10.1080/14712598.2019.1556637 · Cited by 16
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Dysfunction of HPV16-specific CD8+ T cells derived from oropharyngeal tumors is related to the expression of Tim-3 but not PD-1.
Hladíková, K., Partlová, S., Koucký, V., Bouček, J., Fonteneau, J., Zábrodský, M., Tachezy, R., Grega, M., Špíšek, R., & Fialová, A. (2018) · Oral Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.05.010 · Cited by 16
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“…(32, 33, 34, 35), advanced non-small cell lung cancer (36, 37, 38, 39), recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (40), advanced Merkel cell carcinoma (41) and PD-L1-positive advanced gastric cancer (42), and as a second-line therapy for advanced urothelial…”
Background
Immunotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer: Evidence and Perspectives
Tosoni, A., Franceschi, E., Pasquini, E., Lanese, A., Donini, E., Foschini, M. P., Dall’Olio, D., & Brandes, A. A. (2017) · Immunotherapy · doi:10.2217/imt-2017-0125 · Cited by 17
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“Although responses to pembrolizumab are as low as approximately 20% in PD-L1 positive tumors [4], 80% of the responders tend to have a durable response for more than 6 months, underlining the promise of immunotherapy as a novel therapeutic modality for SCCHN.”
Background
PD-L1 expression and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are associated with ALK rearrangement and clinicopathological features in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors
Cha, Y. J., & Shim, H. S. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.20948 · Cited by 16
“com/oncotarget Immune checkpoint inhibitors have recently emerged as a new treatment option for somatic malignancies, including advanced non-small cell lung cancer [13, 14], advanced melanoma [6, 15], and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma [16].”
Background
Systemic Treatment for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck.
Shetty, A., & Wong, D. (2017) · Otolaryngologic clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.otc.2017.03.013 · Cited by 16
Checkpoint inhibitors in advanced melanoma: effect on the field of immunotherapy
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Chemotherapy for recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancers
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The immune molecular landscape of the B7 and TNFR immunoregulatory ligand–receptor families in head and neck cancer: A comprehensive overview and the immunotherapeutic implications
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“In fact, the most recent trial evaluating pembrolizumab (targets PD-L1) in head and neck cancer reported 25% overall response in HPVpositive patients but only 14% overall response in HPV-negative patients.(19) Future studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon.”
Background
Transient immunological and clinical effectiveness of treating mice bearing premalignant oral lesions with PD‐1 antibodies
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“In a trial involving recurrent or metastatic HNSCC patients for whom there were few treatment options, pembrolizumab was manageably tolerated and demonstrated clinical effectiveness, particularly in subjects with PD-L1-positive tumors.(24) Similarly, pembrolizumab treatment of patients with PD-L1-positive advanced non…”
Background
31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016): late breaking abstracts
Althammer, S., Steele, K., Rebelatto, M., Tan, T.-H., Wiestler, T., Schmidt, G., Higgs, B., Li, X., Shi, L., Jin, X.-P., et al. (2016) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1186/s40425-016-0191-4 · Cited by 16
Self-citation
Advancements in TGF-β Targeting Therapies for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Britton, W. R., Cioffi, I., Stonebraker, C., Spence, M. D. A., Okolo, O. B., Martin, C., Henick, B. S., Nakagawa, H., & Parikh, A. S. (2024) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers16173047 · Cited by 14
“HPV status has also been closely linked to response to immunotherapy, with HPV+ patients exhibiting a more robust response to PD-L1 inhibitors [17,117].”
Background
INDUCE-2: A Phase I/II, open-label, two-part study of feladilimab in combination with tremelimumab in patients with advanced solid tumors
Hilton, J., Ott, P., Hansen, A., Li, Z., Mathew, M., Messina, C., Dave, V., Ji, X.-L., Karpinich, N., Hirschfeld, S., et al. (2024) · Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy · doi:10.1007/s00262-023-03623-z · Cited by 15
Impact of underlying liver disease on unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Wu, L. Y., Cappuyns, S., Loh, A. S., Sun, S., Lewis, S. C., Sung, M. W., Schwartz, M., Llovet, J. M., & Cohen, D. J. (2024) · BJC Reports · doi:10.1038/s44276-024-00038-w · Cited by 15
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Background
A Radiomics Approach to Identify Immunologically Active Tumor in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Nguyen, T. M., Bertolus, C., Giraud, P., Burgun, A., Saintigny, P., Bibault, J., & Foy, J.-P. (2023) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers15225369 · Cited by 15
“Recent clinical trials evaluating immunotherapies, notably PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, represent an unprecedented advance in the management of HNSCC [2,3].”
Background
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Small-Molecule Immunotherapies and the Emerging Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Therapeutic Strategies for Head and Neck Cancer
O’Meara, C. H., Jafri, Z., & Khachigian, L. M. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241411695 · Cited by 18
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“to be a suitable first-line therapy in R/M HNSCC, especially for heavily pretreated patients.(128,130,131) It may also be used in locally progressed CSCC.”
Background
Circulating CD137+ T Cell Levels Are Correlated with Response to Pembrolizumab Treatment in Advanced Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Cirillo, A., Zizzari, I. G., Botticelli, A., Strigari, L., Rahimi, H., Scagnoli, S., Scirocchi, F., Pernazza, A., Pace, A., Cerbelli, B., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24087114 · Cited by 17
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Comprehensive Analysis of m6A Regulators Characterized by the Immune Cell Infiltration in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma to Aid Immunotherapy and Chemotherapy
Yang, Z., Ming, X., Huang, S., Yang, M., Zhou, X., & Fang, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.764798 · Cited by 16
“This treatment yields new insights with unparalleled and synergistic survival benefits into multiple clinical management (4, 5).”
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Digital Pathology Scoring of Immunohistochemical Staining Reliably Identifies Prognostic Markers and Anatomical Associations in a Large Cohort of Oral Cancers
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Background
Squamous differentiation is a potential biomarker predicting tumor progression in patients treated with pembrolizumab for urothelial carcinoma.
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Systematic Profiling of Immune Risk Model to Predict Survival and Immunotherapy Response in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Authors: Seiwert, T. Y., Burtness, B., Mehra, R., Weiss, J., Berger, R., Eder, J. P., Heath, K., McClanahan, T., Lunceford, J., Gause, C., Cheng, J. D., & Chow, L. Q.
Affiliations: University of Chicago (US)
Fox Chase Cancer Center (US)
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
Sheba Medical Center (IL)
Yale Cancer Center (US)
Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States) (US)
University of Washington (US)
Corresponding author: Seiwert, Tanguy Y
ORCID: Seiwert, Tanguy Y
Burtness, Barbara
Mehra, Ranee
Berger, Raanan
Eder, Joseph Paul
Lunceford, Jared
Chow, Laura Q
Venue: The Lancet Oncology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-07
Volume: 17
Issue: 7
Pages: 956-965
ISSN: 1470-2045 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(16)30066-3
OpenAlex: W2401455386
Cited by: 1,745
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 73 · 2025: 136 · 2024: 149 · 2023: 159 · 2022: 165 · 2021: 213 · 2020: 195 · 2019: 190 · 2018: 216 · 2017: 204 · 2016: 44
FWCI: 117.58
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: The Lancet Oncology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
Health Sciences › Medicine › Otorhinolaryngology › Head and Neck Cancer Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies
Keywords: pembrolizumab, PD-1 inhibitors, PD-L1 expression, immune checkpoint inhibitors, antitumour activity, drug safety and tolerability, immune-related adverse events, hyponatremia, elevated liver enzymes, overall response rate
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antineoplastic Agents, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Head and Neck Neoplasms, Humans, Lymphatic Metastasis, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Neoplasm Staging, Prognosis, Safety, Survival Rate, Young Adult, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized

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Safety and clinical activity of pembrolizumab for treatment of recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (KEYNOTE-012): an open-label, multicentre, phase 1b trial

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