Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 3,059

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Economics and Econometrics of Active Labor Market Programs

Heckman, James J., Lalonde, Robert J., Smith, Jeffrey A.·1999·Handbook of Labor Economics
DOI 10.1016/s1573-4463(99)03012-6
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s1573-4463(99)03012-6

Cites

12 of 12 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 12 references

Research works printed but not linked: 119

  1. Ackum, 1991, Youth unemployment, labour market programs and subsequent earnings, Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 93, 531, 10.2307/3440227 · DOI
  2. Anderson, 1991, Mixed signals in the Job Training Partnership Act, Growth and Change, 22, 32, 10.1111/j.1468-2257.1991.tb00553.x · DOI
  3. Anderson, 1993, The effect of crearning on placement rates under the Job Training Partnership Act, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 46, 613, 10.2307/2524307 · DOI
  4. Andrews, 1998, Semiparametric estimation of a sample selection model, Review of Economic Studies, 56, 10.1111/1467-937X.00055 · DOI
  5. Ashenfelter, 1985, Using the longitudinal structure of earnings to estimate the effect of training programs, Review of Economics and Statistics, 67, 648, 10.2307/1924810 · DOI · Paper page
  6. Balke, 1997, Bounds on treatment effects from studies with imperfect compliance, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 92, 1171, 10.1080/01621459.1997.10474074 · DOI · Paper page
  7. Barnow, 1987, The impact of CETA programs on earnings: a review of the literature, Journal of Human Resources, 22, 157, 10.2307/145901 · DOI
  8. Barron, 1989, Job matching and on-the-job training, Journal of Labor Economics, 7, 1, 10.1086/298196 · DOI · Paper page
  9. Barron, 1997, How well do we measure training?, Journal of Labor Economics, 15, 507, 10.1086/209870 · DOI
  10. Bassi, 1983, The effect of CETA on the post-program earnings of participants, Journal of Human Resources, 18, 539, 10.2307/145443 · DOI
  11. Bassi, 1984, Estimating the effect of training programs with non-random selection, Review of Economics and Statistics, 66, 36, 10.2307/1924693 · DOI
  12. Begg, 1991, YTS and the labour market, British Journal of Industrial Relations, 29, 223, 10.1111/j.1467-8543.1991.tb00238.x · DOI
  13. Bera, 1984, Testing the normality assumption in limited dependent variable models, International Economic Review, 25, 563, 10.2307/2526219 · DOI
  14. Björklund, 1994, Evaluations of Swedish labor market policy, International Journal of Manpower, 15, 16, 10.1108/01437729410061429 · DOI
  15. Björklund, 1987, Estimation of wage gains and welfare gains in self-selection models, Review of Economics and Statistics, 69, 42, 10.2307/1937899 · DOI · Paper page
  16. Bonnal, 1997, Evaluating the impact of French employment policies on individual labour market histories, Review of Economic Studies, 64, 683, 10.2307/2971735 · DOI
  17. Bound, 1994, Evidence on the validity of cross-sectional and longitudinal labor market data, Journal of Labor Economics, 12, 345, 10.1086/298348 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Bradley, 1994, The Youth Training Scheme: A critical review of the evaluation literature, International Journal of Manpower, 16, 30, 10.1108/01437729510147180 · DOI
  19. Breen, 1988, The work experience program in Ireland, International Labour Review, 127, 429
  20. Breen, 1991, Assessing the effectiveness of training and temporary employment schemes: some results from the youth labour market, The Economic and Social Review, 22, 177
  21. Browning, 1987, On the marginal welfare cost of taxation, American Economic Review, 77, 11
  22. Bryant, 1987, Evaluating the impact of CETA on participant earnings, Evaluation Review, 11, 473, 10.1177/0193841X8701100405 · DOI
  23. Burtless, 1995, The case for randomized field trials in economic and policy research, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 9, 63, 10.1257/jep.9.2.63 · DOI · Paper page
  24. Butler, 1977, Government’s impact on the labor market status of black Americans: a critical review, 235
  25. Calmfors, 1994, Active labor market policy and unemployment - a framework for the analysis of crucial design features, OECD Economic Studies, 22, 7
  26. Cameron, 1998, Life cycle schooling and dynamic selection bias: models and evidence for five cohorts of American males, Journal of Political Economy, 106, 262, 10.1086/250010 · DOI · Paper page
  27. Card, 1988, Measuring the effects of CETA participation on movements in and out of employment, Econometrica, 56, 497, 10.2307/1911698 · DOI · Paper page
  28. Chamberlain, 1984, Panel data, 1248, 10.1016/S1573-4412(84)02014-6 · DOI · Paper page
  29. Chipman, 1976, Why an increase in GNP need not imply an improvement in potential welfare, Kyklos, 29, 391, 10.1111/j.1467-6435.1976.tb01982.x · DOI
  30. Cochran, 1973, Controlling bias in observational studies, Sankyha, 35, 417
  31. Cosslett, 1983, Distribution-free maximum likelihood estimator of the binary choice model, Econometrica, 51, 765, 10.2307/1912157 · DOI · Paper page
  32. Couch, 1992, New evidence on the long-term effects of employment and training programs, Journal of Labor Economics, 10, 380, 10.1086/298292 · DOI
  33. Davidson, 1993, The displacement effect of reemployment bonus programs, Journal of Labor Economics, 11, 575, 10.1086/298308 · DOI
  34. Decker, 1995, International trade and worker displacement: evaluation of the trade adjustment assistance program, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 48, 758, 10.2307/2524355 · DOI
  35. de Koning, 1993, Measuring the placement effects of two wage subsidy schemes for the long term unemployed, Empirical Economics, 18, 447, 10.1007/BF01176198 · DOI
  36. de Koning, 1991, A quasi-experimental evaluation of the vocational training centre for adults, Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 9, 143, 10.1068/c090143 · DOI
  37. Dickinson, 1986, An analysis of the impact of CETA on participants’ earnings, Journal of Human Resources, 21, 64, 10.2307/145958 · DOI
  38. Dickinson, 1987, An analysis of the sensitivity of quasi-experimental net estimates of CETA programs, Evaluation Review, 11, 452, 10.1177/0193841X8701100404 · DOI
  39. Dolton, 1993, The economics of youth training in Britain, Economic Journal, 103, 1261, 10.2307/2234253 · DOI
  40. Dolton, 1996, Unemployment duration and the Restart effect: some experimental evidence, Economic Journal, 106, 387, 10.2307/2235254 · DOI
  41. Dolton, 1996, The Restart effect and the return to full-time stable employment, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, 159, 275, 10.2307/2983174 · DOI
  42. Dolton, 1994, The Youth Training Scheme and the school-to-work transition, Oxford Economic Papers, 46, 629, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a042151 · DOI
  43. Dolton, 1994, The wage effect of YTS: evidence from YCS, Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 41, 444, 10.1111/j.1467-9485.1994.tb01138.x · DOI
  44. Donohue, 1998, Allocating resources among prisons and social programs in the battle against crime, Journal of Legal Studies, 27, 1, 10.1086/468012 · DOI
  45. Eberwein, 1997, The impact of classroom training on the employment histories of disadvantaged women: evidence from experimental data, Review of Economic Studies, 64, 655, 10.2307/2971734 · DOI
  46. Finifter, 1987, An approach to estimating the net earnings impact of federally subsidized employment and training programs, Evaluation Review, 11, 528, 10.1177/0193841X8701100408 · DOI
  47. Flinn, 1982, New methods for analyzing structural models of labor force dynamics, Journal of Econometrics, 18, 115, 10.1016/0304-4076(82)90097-5 · DOI · Paper page
  48. Fraker, 1987, The adequacy of comparison group designs for evaluations of employment-related programs, Journal of Human Resources, 22, 194, 10.2307/145902 · DOI · Paper page
  49. Friedlander, 1995, Evaluating program evaluations: new evidence on commonly used nonexperimental methods, American Economic Review, 85, 923
  50. Friedlander, 1997, Evaluating government training programs for the economically disadvantaged, Journal of Economic Literature, 35, 1809
  51. Gay, 1980, Validating performance indicators for employment and training programs, Journal of Human Resources, 15, 29, 10.2307/145345 · DOI
  52. Green, 1996, The effects of company training, further education and the youth training scheme on the earnings of young employees, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 58, 469, 10.1111/j.1468-0084.1996.mp58003003.x · DOI
  53. Greenberg, 1997, The leisure bias in cost-benefit analyses of employment and training programs, Journal of Human Resources, 32, 413, 10.2307/146221 · DOI
  54. Gritz, 1993, The impact of training on the frequency and duration of employment, Journal of Econometrics, 57, 21, 10.1016/0304-4076(93)90057-C · DOI
  55. Gueron, 1990, Work and welfare: lessons on employment programs, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 4, 79, 10.1257/jep.4.1.79 · DOI
  56. Ham, 1996, The effect of sample selection and initial conditions in duration models: evidence from experimental data, Econometrica, 64, 175, 10.2307/2171928 · DOI · Paper page
  57. Harberger, 1971, Three basic postulates for applied welfare economics, Journal of Economic Literature, 9, 785
  58. Haveman, 1985, Transatlantic lessons for employment and training policy, Industrial Relations, 24, 20, 10.1111/j.1468-232X.1985.tb00979.x · DOI
  59. Heckman, 1978, Dummy endogenous variables in a sumultaneous equations system, Econometrica, 46, 931, 10.2307/1909757 · DOI · Paper page
  60. Heckman, 1990, Varieties of selection bias, American Economic Review, 80, 313
  61. Heckman, 1997, Instrumental variables: a study of implicit behavioral assumptions in one widely used estimator, Journal of Human Resources, 32, 441, 10.2307/146178 · DOI · Paper page
  62. Heckman, 1980, Does unemployment cause future unemployment? Definitions, questions and answers from a continuous time model of heterogeneity and state dependence, Economica, 47, 247, 10.2307/2553150 · DOI · Paper page
  63. Heckman, 1990, The empirical content of the Roy model, Econometrica, 58, 1121, 10.2307/2938303 · DOI · Paper page
  64. Heckman, 1989, Choosing among alternative methods of estimating the impact of social programs: the case of manpower training, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 84, 862, 10.1080/01621459.1989.10478848 · DOI · Paper page
  65. Heckman, 1986, Labor econometrics, 1917, 10.1016/S1573-4412(86)03012-X · DOI
  66. Heckman, 1985, Alternative methods for evaluating the impact of interventions: an overview, Journal of Econometrics, 30, 239, 10.1016/0304-4076(85)90139-3 · DOI · Paper page
  67. Heckman, 1985, Heterogeneity, aggregation and market wage functions: an empirical model of self-selection in the labor market, Journal of Political Economy, 98, 1077, 10.1086/261352 · DOI · Paper page
  68. Heckman, 1984, A method for minimizing the impact of distributional assumptions in econometric models for duration data, Econometrica, 52, 271, 10.2307/1911491 · DOI
  69. Heckman, 1995, Assessing the case for social experiments, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 9, 85, 10.1257/jep.9.2.85 · DOI · Paper page
  70. Heckman, 1999, The pre-program dip and the determinants of program participation in a social program: implications for simple program evaluation strategies, Economic Journal, 10.1111/1468-0297.00451 · DOI · Paper page
  71. Heckman, 1999, 96, 4730
  72. Heckman, 1999, The relationship between treatment parameters within a latent variable framework, Economics Letters
  73. Heckman, 1976, Does the contract compliance program work? An analysis of Chicago data, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 19, 415
  74. Heckman, 1996, Sources of selection bias in evaluating social programs: an interpretation of conventional measures and evidence on the effectiveness of matching as a program evaluation method, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 93, 13416, 10.1073/pnas.93.23.13416 · DOI
  75. Heckman, 1997, Matching as an econometric evaluation estimator: evidence from evaluating a job training program, Review of Economic Studies, 64, 605, 10.2307/2971733 · DOI · Paper page
  76. Heckman, 1997, The effects of government policies on human capital investment and wage inequality, Chicago Policy Review, 1, 1
  77. Heckman, 1997, Making the most out of programme evaluations and social experiments: accounting for heterogeneity in programme impacts, Review of Economic Studies, 64, 487, 10.2307/2971729 · DOI · Paper page
  78. Heckman, 1998, Substitution and dropout bias in social experiments: evidence from an influential social experiment, Quarterly Journal of Economics
  79. Heckman, 1998, Matching as an econometric evaluation estimator, Review of Economic Studies, 65, 261, 10.1111/1467-937X.00044 · DOI · Paper page
  80. Heckman, 1998, Explaining rising wage inequality: explorations with a dynamic general equilibrium model of labor earnings with heterogeneous agents, Review of Economic Dynamics, 1, 1, 10.1006/redy.1997.0008 · DOI · Paper page
  81. Heckman, 1998, Accounting for dropouts in evaluations of social programs, Review of Economics and Statistics, 80, 1, 10.1162/003465398557203 · DOI
  82. Hollister, 1988, Special employment programmes in OECD countries, International Labour Review, 127, 317
  83. Hutchinson, 1989, Wages, unions, the Youth Training Scheme and the Young Workers Scheme, Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 36, 160, 10.1111/j.1467-9485.1989.tb01084.x · DOI
  84. Ichimura, 1993, Semiparametric least squares (SLS) and weighted SLS estimation of single-index models, Journal of Econometrics, 58, 71, 10.1016/0304-4076(93)90114-K · DOI · Paper page
  85. Imbens, 1996, Case-control studies with contaminated controls, Journal of Econometrics, 71, 145
  86. Johnson, 1986, The natural rate of unemployment: explanation and policy, 2, 921, 10.1016/S1573-4463(86)02006-0 · DOI
  87. Johnson, 1977, The fiscal substitution effects of alternative approaches to public service employment, Journal of Human Resources, 12, 3, 10.2307/145596 · DOI
  88. Kane, 1994, College entry by blacks since 1970: the role of college costs, family background and the return to education, Journal of Political Economy, 102, 878, 10.1086/261958 · DOI · Paper page
  89. Kane, 1993, Labor market returns to two- and four-year college, American Economic Review, 85, 600
  90. LaLonde, 1986, Evaluating the econometric evaluations of training programs with experimental data, American Economic Review, 76, 604
  91. LaLonde, 1995, The promise of public sector-sponsored training programs, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 9, 149, 10.1257/jep.9.2.149 · DOI · Paper page
  92. LaLonde, 1987, How precise are evaluations of employment and training programs: evidence from a field experiment, Evaluation Review, 11, 428, 10.1177/0193841X8701100403 · DOI
  93. Lee, 1983, Generalized econometric models with selectivity, Econometrica, 51, 507, 10.2307/1912003 · DOI · Paper page
  94. MaCurdy, 1982, The use of time series processes to model the error structure of earnings in a longitudinal data analysis, Journal of Econometrics, 18, 83, 10.1016/0304-4076(82)90096-3 · DOI · Paper page
  95. Main, 1985, School leaver unemployment and the Youth Opportunitues Programme in Scotland, Oxford Economic Papers, 37, 426, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041700 · DOI
  96. Main, 1991, The effects of the Youth Training Scheme on employment probability, Applied Economics, 23, 367, 10.1080/00036849100000145 · DOI
  97. Main, 1983, Determinants of employment and unemployment among school leavers: evidence from the 1979 survey of scottish school leavers, Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 30, 1, 10.1111/j.1467-9485.1983.tb00997.x · DOI
  98. Main, 1990, The effectiveness of the Youth Training Scheme as a manpower policy, Economica, 57, 495, 10.2307/2554715 · DOI
  99. Mallar, 1978, Alternative econometric procedures for program evaluations: illustrations from an evaluation of Job Corps, Proceedings of the American Statistical Association, 317
  100. Manski, 1977, The estimation of choice probabilites from choice-based samples, Econometrica, 45, 1977, 10.2307/1914121 · DOI · Paper page
  101. Matzkin, 1992, Nonparametric and distribution-free estimation of the binary threshold crossing and the binary choice models, Econometrica, 60, 239, 10.2307/2951596 · DOI
  102. Matzkin, 1993, Nonparametric identification and estimation of polychotomous choice models, Journal of Econometrics, 58, 137, 10.1016/0304-4076(93)90116-M · DOI
  103. Mincer, 1962, On-the-job training: costs, returns and some implications, Journal of Political Economy, 70, 50, 10.1086/258725 · DOI · Paper page
  104. Neyman, 1935, Statistical problems in agricultural experiments, The Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 2, 107, 10.2307/2983637 · DOI · Paper page
  105. O’Connell, 1997, What works, who works? The employment and earnings effects of active labour market programmes among young people in Ireland, Work Employment and Society, 11, 639, 10.1177/0950017097114003 · DOI
  106. O’Higgins, 1994, YTS, employment and sample selection bias, Oxford Economic Papers, 46, 605, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a042150 · DOI
  107. OECD, 1996, 10.1787/empl_outlook-1996-en · DOI
  108. Powell, 1994, Estimation of semiparametric models, 4, 2443, 10.1016/S1573-4412(05)80010-8 · DOI
  109. Puma, 1994, The national evaluation of the Food Stamp employment and training program, Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 13, 311, 10.2307/3325016 · DOI
  110. Quandt, 1972, Methods for estimating switching regressions, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 67, 306, 10.1080/01621459.1972.10482378 · DOI · Paper page
  111. Ridder, 1986, An event history approach to the evaluation of training, recruitment and employment programmes, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 11, 109, 10.1002/jae.3950010202 · DOI
  112. Rosenbaum, 1983, The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects, Biometrika, 70, 41, 10.1093/biomet/70.1.41 · DOI · Paper page
  113. Roy, 1951, Some thoughts on the distribution of earnings, Oxford Economic Papers, 3, 135, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041827 · DOI · Paper page
  114. Rubin, 1978, Bayesian inference for causal effects: the role of randomization, Annals of Statistics, 6, 34, 10.1214/aos/1176344064 · DOI · Paper page
  115. Thierry, 1995, Les politiques francaises d’emploi en faveur des jeunes. Une evaluation econometrique, Revue-Economique, 46, 549
  116. Topel, 1992, Job mobility and the careers of young men, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 107, 439, 10.2307/2118478 · DOI · Paper page
  117. Weitzman, 1979, Optimal search for the best alternative, Econometrica, 47, 641, 10.2307/1910412 · DOI · Paper page
  118. Whitfield, 1991, An empirical analysis of YTS, employment and earnings, Journal of Economic Studies, 18, 42, 10.1108/01443589110002291 · DOI
  119. Zweimuller, 1996, Manpower training programmes and employment stability, Economica, 63, 113, 10.2307/2554637 · DOI

Cited by

See all 3,059

Metadata

Authors
Heckman, J. J., Lalonde, R. J., & Smith, J. A.
Venue
Handbook of Labor Economics
Publisher
Elsevier
Published
1999
Pages
1865-2097
ISSN
1573-4463 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s1573-4463(99)03012-6
OpenAlex
W1530306231
Cited by
3,059
References
12
FWCI
300.59
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Economics and Econometrics of Active Labor Market Programs. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/s1573-4463(99)03012-6
The paper
Heckman, J. J., Lalonde, R. J., & Smith, J. A. (1999). The Economics and Econometrics of Active Labor Market Programs. Handbook of Labor Economics. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1573-4463(99)03012-6

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.