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Defining severe familial hypercholesterolaemia and the implications for clinical management: a consensus statement from the International Atherosclerosis Society Severe Familial Hypercholesterolemia Panel
Open accessAbstract
Familial hypercholesterolaemia is common in individuals who had a myocardial infarction at a young age. As many as one in 200 people could have heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia, and up to one in 300 000 individuals could be homozygous. The phenotypes of heterozygous and homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia overlap considerably; the response to treatment is also heterogeneous. In this Review, we aim to define a phenotype for severe familial hypercholesterolaemia and identify people at highest risk for cardiovascular disease, based on the concentration of LDL cholesterol in blood and individuals' responsiveness to conventional lipid-lowering treatment. We assess the importance of molecular characterisation and define the role of other cardiovascular risk factors and advanced subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in risk stratification. Individuals with severe familial hypercholesterolaemia might benefit in particular from early and more aggressive cholesterol-lowering treatment (eg, with PCSK9 inhibitors). In addition to better tailored therapy, more precise characterisation of individuals with severe familial hypercholesterolaemia could improve resource use.
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Cites
Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaboration (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)61350-5 · Cited by 6,550
Biological, clinical and population relevance of 95 loci for blood lipids
Teslovich, T. M., Musunuru, K., Smith, A. V., Edmondson, A. C., Stylianou, I. M., Koseki, M., Pirruccello, J. P., Ripatti, S., Chasman, D. I., Willer, C. J., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09270 · Cited by 3,487
Self-citationSequence Variations in PCSK9, Low LDL, and Protection against Coronary Heart Disease
Cohen, J. C., Boerwinkle, E., Mosley, T. H., & Hobbs, H. H. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa054013 · Cited by 3,181
Nordestgaard, B. G., Chapman, M. J., Humphries, S. E., Ginsberg, H. N., Masana, L., Descamps, O. S., Wiklund, O., Hegele, R. A., Raal, F. J., Defesche, J. C., et al. (2013) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht273 · Cited by 2,761
Self-citationLipoprotein(a) as a cardiovascular risk factor: current status
Nordestgaard, B. G., Chapman, M. J., Ray, K., Borén, J., Andreotti, F., Watts, G. F., Ginsberg, H., Amarenco, P., Catapano, A., Descamps, O. S., et al. (2010) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq386 · Cited by 1,807
Self-citation(2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1063 · Cited by 1,753
Genetic Variants Associated with Lp(a) Lipoprotein Level and Coronary Disease
Clarke, R., Peden, J. F., Hopewell, J. C., Kyriakou, T., Goel, A., Heath, S. C., Parish, S., Barlera, S., Franzosi, M. G., Rust, S., et al. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0902604 · Cited by 1,671
Genetically Elevated Lipoprotein(a) and Increased Risk of Myocardial Infarction
Kamstrup, P. R. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.801 · Cited by 1,357
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Cuchel, M., Bruckert, E., Ginsberg, H. N., Raal, F. J., Santos, R. D., Hegele, R. A., Kuivenhoven, J. A., Nordestgaard, B. G., Descamps, O. S., Steinhagen-Thiessen, E., et al. (2014) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehu274 · Cited by 1,057
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Cited by
Kinoshita, M., Yokote, K., Arai, H., Iida, M., Ishigaki, Y., Ishibashi, S., Umemoto, S., Egusa, G., Ohmura, H., Okamura, T., et al. (2018) · Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis · doi:10.5551/jat.gl2017 · Cited by 813
Self-citationConnelly‐Smith, L., Alquist, C. R., Aqui, N. A., Hofmann, J. C., Klingel, R., Onwuemene, O. A., Patriquin, C. J., Pham, H. P., Sanchez, A. P., Schneiderman, J., et al. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Apheresis · doi:10.1002/jca.22043 · Cited by 684
Familial hypercholesterolaemia
Defesche, J. C., Gidding, S. S., Harada-Shiba, M., Hegele, R. A., Santos, R. D., & Wierzbicki, A. S. (2017) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2017.93 · Cited by 453
Self-citationAtherosclerosis and Inflammation: Insights from the Theory of General Pathological Processes
Gusev, E., & Sarapultsev, A. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24097910 · Cited by 312
The Evolving Future of PCSK9 Inhibitors
Rosenson, R. S., Hegele, R. A., Fazio, S., & Cannon, C. P. (2018) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.054 · Cited by 264
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Metadata
- Authors
- Santos, R. D., Gidding, S. S., Hegele, R. A., Cuchel, M. A., Barter, P. J., Watts, G. F., Baum, S. J., Catapano, A. L., Chapman, M. J., Defesche, J. C., Folco, E., Freiberger, T., Genest, J., Hovingh, G. K., Harada-Shiba, M., Humphries, S. E., Jackson, A. S., Mata, P., Moriarty, P. M., Raal, F. J., Al-Rasadi, K., Ray, K. K., Reiner, Z., Sijbrands, E. J. G., & Yamashita, S.
- Venue
- The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-10
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 850-861
- ISSN
- 2213-8587 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2405171365
- Cited by
- 419
- References
- 91
- FWCI
- 51.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Defining severe familial hypercholesterolaemia and the implications for clinical management: a consensus statement from the International Atherosclerosis Society Severe Familial Hypercholesterolemia Panel. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/s2213-8587(16)30041-9
- The paper
- Santos, R. D., Gidding, S. S., Hegele, R. A., Cuchel, M. A., Barter, P. J., Watts, G. F., Baum, S. J., Catapano, A. L., Chapman, M. J., Defesche, J. C., Folco, E., Freiberger, T., Genest, J., Hovingh, G. K., Harada-Shiba, M., Humphries, S. E., Jackson, A. S., Mata, P., Moriarty, P. M., . . . Yamashita, S. (2016). Defining severe familial hypercholesterolaemia and the implications for clinical management: a consensus statement from the International Atherosclerosis Society Severe Familial Hypercholesterolemia Panel. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-8587(16)30041-9
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
