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Understanding longevity in Hong Kong: a comparative study with long-living, high-income countries

Ni, Michael Y, Canudas-Romo, Vladimir, Shi, Jian, Flores, Francis P, Chow, Mathew S C, Yao, Xiaoxin I, Ho, Sai Yin, Lam, Tai Hing, Schooling, C Mary, Lopez, Alan D, Ezzati, Majid, Leung, Gabriel M·2021·The Lancet Public Health
DOI 10.1016/s2468-2667(21)00208-5
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Figure 1 Trends in life expectancy at birth in Hong Kong (A) and contributions to life expectancy gains by age, sex, and underlying cause of death (B) (A) Life expectancy at birth in Hong Kong: 1960-2020. World rankings in life expectancy were obtained from the World Bank. Joinpoint analysis was used to identify when life expectancy gains in Hong Kong took place. Inflections in the life expectancy at birth identified by the jointpoint regression are indicated by the dotted lines and the year. The solid blue and red lines indicate the trends in life expectancy at birth for men and women and were predicted using Joinpoint analysis. (B) Contributions to life expectancy gains by age, sex, and underlying cause of death: 1979-2019.
Figure 1 Trends in life expectancy at birth in Hong Kong (A) and contributions to life expectancy gains by age, sex, and underlying cause of death (B) (A) Life expectancy at birth in Hong Kong: 1960-2020. World rankings in life expectancy were obtained from the World Bank. Joinpoint analysis was used to identify when life expectancy gains in Hong Kong took place. Inflections in the life expectancy at birth identified by the jointpoint regression are indicated by the dotted lines and the year. The solid blue and red lines indicate the trends in life expectancy at birth for men and women and were predicted using Joinpoint analysis. (B) Contributions to life expectancy gains by age, sex, and underlying cause of death: 1979-2019.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Figure 2 Contributions to the difference in life expectancy between Hong Kong and 18 OECD high-income countries in 2016
Figure 2 Contributions to the difference in life expectancy between Hong Kong and 18 OECD high-income countries in 2016CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Figure 3 Lexis surface of cohort survival comparisons between Hong Kong and 18 OECD high-income countries and cause of death contribution to their differences in cohort survival (A) Lexis surface of cohort survival comparisons between Hong Kong and high-income countries. Diagonally, the figures show the mortality pattern of each cohort from birth (or the age when data are first available) to older age from 1979 to 2016. The black diagonal lines indicate the mortality history of cohorts born in a specific year. Blue shades indicate Hong Kong's cohort survival advantage and red and yellow shades indicates disadvantage. (B) Lexis surface of the cause of death contribution to the difference in cohort survival between Hong Kong and high-income countries for selected diseases. Differences in the cohort survival by cause of death are calculated as TCAL (Hong Kong) -TCAL (high-income country). (C) Cause of death contribution to differences in cohort survival between Hong Kong and high-income countries. Positive values indicate that Hong Kong has a survival advantage. The size of the bubbles corresponds to the 95% CIs, which are calculated by bootstrapping. If the bubble does not overlap the dotted horizontal line then this indicates that the TCAL for the country is significantly different from Hong Kong. TCAL=truncated cross-sectional average of life.
Figure 3 Lexis surface of cohort survival comparisons between Hong Kong and 18 OECD high-income countries and cause of death contribution to their differences in cohort survival (A) Lexis surface of cohort survival comparisons between Hong Kong and high-income countries. Diagonally, the figures show the mortality pattern of each cohort from birth (or the age when data are first available) to older age from 1979 to 2016. The black diagonal lines indicate the mortality history of cohorts born in a specific year. Blue shades indicate Hong Kong's cohort survival advantage and red and yellow shades indicates disadvantage. (B) Lexis surface of the cause of death contribution to the difference in cohort survival between Hong Kong and high-income countries for selected diseases. Differences in the cohort survival by cause of death are calculated as TCAL (Hong Kong) -TCAL (high-income country). (C) Cause of death contribution to differences in cohort survival between Hong Kong and high-income countries. Positive values indicate that Hong Kong has a survival advantage. The size of the bubbles corresponds to the 95% CIs, which are calculated by bootstrapping. If the bubble does not overlap the dotted horizontal line then this indicates that the TCAL for the country is significantly different from Hong Kong. TCAL=truncated cross-sectional average of life.CC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF
Figure 4 Smoking-attributable mortality
Figure 4 Smoking-attributable mortalityCC-BY-NC-ND · From the PDF

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Metadata

Authors
Ni, M. Y., Canudas-Romo, V., Shi, J., Flores, F. P., Chow, M. S. C., Yao, X. I., Ho, S. Y., Lam, T. H., Schooling, C. M., Lopez, A. D., Ezzati, M., & Leung, G. M.
Venue
The Lancet Public Health
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-12
Volume
6
Issue
12
Pages
e919-e931
ISSN
2468-2667
DOI
10.1016/s2468-2667(21)00208-5
Cited by
60
References
4
Language
en
Licence
Funders
University Grants Committee Research Grants Council

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