Cited by 594Statistical Methods and Bayesian InferenceStatistical Methods in EpidemiologyStatistical Methods in Clinical Trials

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Applied Longitudinal Data Analysis for Epidemiology: A Practical Guide

Twisk, Jos W. R.·2013·Cambridge University Press eBooks

DOI 10.1017/cbo9781139342834

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Abstract

This book discusses the most important techniques available for longitudinal data analysis, from simple techniques such as the paired t-test and summary statistics, to more sophisticated ones such as generalized estimating of equations and mixed model analysis. A distinction is made between longitudinal analysis with continuous, dichotomous and categorical outcome variables. The emphasis of the discussion lies in the interpretation and comparison of the results of the different techniques. The second edition includes new chapters on the role of the time variable and presents new features of longitudinal data analysis. Explanations have been clarified where necessary and several chapters have been completely rewritten. The analysis of data from experimental studies and the problem of missing data in longitudinal studies are discussed. Finally, an extensive overview and comparison of different software packages is provided. This practical guide is essential for non-statisticians and researchers working with longitudinal data from epidemiological and clinical studies.

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Items 101–200 of 594

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Group‐based, individualized, comprehensive core stability and balance intervention provides immediate and long‐term improvements in walking in individuals with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial
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“We adjusted for baseline by maintaining the baseline variable as a covariate in the model as recommended in the litterature (Twisk, 2013; Vickers & Altman, 2001).”
Method
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Islam, M. M., Yen, L. E., Valderas, J. M., & McRae, I. (2014) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1008 · Cited by 43
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Age-related change in peak oxygen uptake and change of cardiovascular risk factors. The HUNT Study
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Effectiveness of stratified treatment for back pain in Danish primary care: A randomized controlled trial
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Age-related decline in muscle mass and muscle function in Flemish Caucasians: a 10-year follow-up
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Self-citation
Predicting aggressive behaviour in acute forensic mental health units: A re‐examination of the dynamic appraisal of situational aggression's predictive validity
Maguire, T., Daffern, M., Bowe, S. J., & McKenna, B. (2017) · International Journal of Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/inm.12377 · Cited by 41
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Micó-Amigo, M. E., Kingma, I., Heinzel, S., Rispens, S. M., Heger, T., Nussbaum, S., van Lummel, R. C., Berg, D., Maetzler, W., & van Dieën, J. H. (2019) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00059 · Cited by 42
“…of subjects who were only present at measurements in the first years may have limited the overall significance of the Time × Group interaction effect, although GEE analysis is expected to statistically overcome this limitation (Twisk, 2013) and including these data increased statistical power.”
Background
Longitudinal associations of light-intensity physical activity with quality of life, functioning and fatigue after colorectal cancer
van Roekel, E. H., Duchateau, J., Bours, M. J. L., van Delden, L., Breedveld-Peters, J. J. L., Koole, J. L., Kenkhuis, M., van den Brandt, P. A., Jansen, R. L. H., Kant, I., et al. (2020) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-020-02566-7 · Cited by 40
“To explore the temporal direction of associations, time-lag analyses were performed in which longitudinal associations of LPA with HRQoL outcomes at a later time point were modelled [32].”
Method
Baseline factors predictive of serious suicidality at follow-up: findings focussing on age and gender from a community-based study
Fairweather‐Schmidt, A. K., Anstey, K. J., Salim, A., & Rodgers, B. (2010) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-10-41 · Cited by 39
Effect of a health education program on reduction of pediculosis in school girls at Amphoe Muang, Khon Kaen Province, Thailand
Yingklang, M., Sengthong, C., Haonon, O., Dangtakot, R., Pinlaor, P., Sota, C., & Pinlaor, S. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0198599 · Cited by 38
The depressive price of being a sandwich-generation caregiver: can organizations and managers help?
Lupo, K. T., Toker, S., Ben-Avi, N., & Shenhar‐Tsarfaty, S. (2020) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2020.1762574 · Cited by 44
The association between medically unexplained physical symptoms and health care use over two years and the influence of depressive and anxiety disorders and personality traits: a longitudinal study
den Boeft, M., Twisk, J. W. R., Terluin, B., Penninx, B. W. J. H., van Marwijk, H., Numans, M. E., van der Wouden, J. C., & van der Horst, H. E. (2016) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-016-1332-7 · Cited by 39
Self-citation
Music Therapy for Depression Enhanced With Listening Homework and Slow Paced Breathing: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Erkkilä, J., Brabant, O., Hartmann, M., Mavrolampados, A., Ala-Ruona, E., Snape, N., Saarikallio, S. H., & Gold, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.613821 · Cited by 47
Longitudinal study of objective and subjective cognitive performance and psychological distress in OEF/OIF Veterans with and without traumatic brain injury
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“Twisk (2013) discussed trade-offs in replacing missing data with estimated values vs. utilizing all available data in multilevel model assessment.”
Method
Effectiveness of a Self-Management Intervention to Promote an Active Lifestyle in Persons With Long-Term Spinal Cord Injury: The HABITS Randomized Clinical Trial
Kooijmans, H., Post, M. W. M., Stam, H. J., van der Woude, L. H. V., Spijkerman, D. C. M., Snoek, G. J., Bongers-Janssen, H. M. H., van Koppenhagen, C. F., Twisk, J. W. R., ALLRISC Group, et al. (2017) · Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · doi:10.1177/1545968317736819 · Cited by 35
Self-citation
Efficacy and Safety of Analgesic Treatment for Depression in People with Advanced Dementia: Randomised, Multicentre, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial (DEP.PAIN.DEM)
Erdal, A., Flo, E., Aarsland, D., Ballard, C. G., Daltveit, D. S., & Husebo, B. S. (2018) · Drugs & Aging · doi:10.1007/s40266-018-0546-2 · Cited by 40
Advancing the Science of Spatial Neglect Rehabilitation: An Improved Statistical Approach with Mixed Linear Modeling
Goedert, K. M., Boston, R. C., & Barrett, A. M. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00211 · Cited by 35
“Repeated measures taken from the same subjects are likely to be correlated (Twisk, 2003; Raudenbush, 2009).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Post-illumination pupil response after blue light: Reliability of optimized melanopsin-based phototransduction assessment
van der Meijden, W. P., Lindert, B. H. W. T., Bijlenga, D., Coppens, J. E., Gómez-Herrero, G., Bruijel, J., Kooij, J. J. S., Cajochen, C., Bourgin, P., & Someren, E. J. W. V. (2015) · Experimental Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.exer.2015.07.010 · Cited by 34
Morpho-lexical development in language impaired and typically developing Hebrew-speaking children from two SES backgrounds
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“…effects on lexical scores were analyzed by the Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) procedure, which estimates coefficients as they vary across participant repeats, and controls for participant effect across individual measurements, as each measurement is nested within a participant (Twisk, 2013).”
Exploring the cross-sectional association between outdoor recreational facilities and leisure-time physical activity: the role of usage and residential self-selection
Mackenbach, J. D., de Pinho, M. G. M., Faber, E., den Braver, N. R., de Groot, R., Charreire, H., Oppert, J., Bárdos, H., Rutter, H., Compernolle, S., et al. (2018) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-018-0689-x · Cited by 35
Widening inequalities in multimorbidity? Time trends among the working population between 2005 and 2015 based on German health insurance data
Tetzlaff, J., Epping, J., Sperlich, S., Eberhard, S., Stahmeyer, J. T., & Geyer, S. (2018) · International Journal for Equity in Health · doi:10.1186/s12939-018-0815-z · Cited by 33
Socio-demographic, clinical and psychological predictors of healthcare utilization among patients with musculoskeletal disorders: a prospective cohort study
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Iron supplementation and 2‐unit red blood cell apheresis: a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study
Radtke, H., Mayer, B., Röcker, L., Salama, A., & Kiesewetter, H. (2004) · Transfusion · doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2004.04045.x · Cited by 34
Longitudinal resting-state EEG in amyloid-positive patients along the Alzheimer’s disease continuum: considerations for clinical trials
Scheijbeler, E. P., de Haan, W., Stam, C. J., Twisk, J. W. R., & Gouw, A. A. (2023) · Alzheimer s Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13195-023-01327-1 · Cited by 40
Self-citation
Secular Trend of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in a Cohort of Iranian Adults from 2001 to 2013
Khosravi‐Boroujeni, H., Sarrafzadegan, N., Sadeghi, M., Roohafza, H., Talaei, M., Ng, S., Phung, H. N., Pourmogaddas, A., & Ahmed, F. (2017) · Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders · doi:10.1089/met.2016.0073 · Cited by 33
Effects of situational variables on the physical activity profiles of elite soccer players in different score line states
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Strand, K. M., Dahlseng, M. O., Lydersen, S., et al. (2016) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/dmcn.13098 · Cited by 32
Dietary patterns in an elderly population and their relation with bone mineral density: the Rotterdam Study
de Jonge, E. A. L., Rivadeneira, F., Erler, N. S., Albert Hofman, D., Uitterlinden, A. G., Franco, O. H., & Jong, J. C. K. (2016) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-016-1297-7 · Cited by 31
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Pregnancy-Related Bone Mineral and Microarchitecture Changes in Women Aged 30 to 45 Years
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Iodine status during pregnancy and at 6 weeks, 6, 12 and 18 months post‐partum
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Motivational interviewing and self-determination theory in a web-based computer tailored physical activity intervention: A randomized controlled trial
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“By including all drop-out predictors in the regression analyses as covariates, and by analysing the total data-set including missing values, we aimed to account for selective drop-out as much as possible (Twisk, 2013).”
MethodInfluential
Effectiveness of a stepped-care intervention to prevent major depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or coronary heart disease and subthreshold depression: A pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial
Pols, A. D., van Dijk, S. E., Bosmans, J. E., Hoekstra, T., van Marwijk, H. W. J., van Tulder, M. W., & Adriaanse, M. C. (2017) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181023 · Cited by 31
Neighbourhood effects on obesity: scoping review of time-varying outcomes and exposures in longitudinal designs
Letarte, L., Pomerleau, S., Tchernof, A., Biertho, L. D., Waygood, E. O. D., & Lebel, A. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034690 · Cited by 34
Threats of dismissal and symptoms of major depression: a study using repeat measures in the Swedish working population
Hanson, L. L. M., Chungkham, H. S., Ferrie, J. E., & Sverke, M. (2015) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2014-205405 · Cited by 30
The impact of poor insight on the course of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in patients receiving naturalistic treatment
Visser, H. A. D., van Megen, H. J. G. M., van Oppen, P., Hoogendoorn, A. W., Glas, G. G., Neziroglu, F. A., & van Balkom, A. J. L. M. (2017) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2017.03.003 · Cited by 30
A wide range of missing imputation approaches in longitudinal data: a simulation study and real data analysis
Jahangiri, M., Kazemnejad, A., Goldfeld, K. S., DANESHPOUR, M. S., Mostafaei, S., Khalili, D., Moghaddas, M. R., & Akbarzadeh, M. (2023) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-023-01968-8 · Cited by 30
Effect of nutrition education integrating the health belief model and theory of planned behavior on dietary diversity of pregnant women in Southeast Ethiopia: a cluster randomized controlled trial
Beressa, G., Whiting, S. J., & Belachew, T. (2024) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/s12937-023-00907-z · Cited by 38
Scapular movement training versus standardized exercises for individuals with chronic shoulder pain: protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Kamonseki, D. H., Haik, M. N., & Camargo, P. R. (2020) · Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.bjpt.2020.08.001 · Cited by 33
Educational and health outcomes of schoolchildren in local authority care in Scotland: A retrospective record linkage study
Fleming, M., McLay, J. S., Clark, D., King, A., Mackay, D., Minnis, H., & Pell, J. P. (2021) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003832 · Cited by 29
Can internet use reduce the incidence of cognitive impairment? Analysis of the EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study (2009–2019)
Quialheiro, A., Figueiró, T. H., Rech, C. R., Marques, L. P., de Paiva, K. M., Xavier, A. J., & d’Orsi, E. (2021) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106904 · Cited by 29
Efficacy of a Mobile App-Based Coaching Program for Addiction Prevention among Apprentices: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
Haug, S., Boumparis, N., Wenger, A., Schaub, M. P., & Castro, R. P. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192315730 · Cited by 33
Individual variation in plasma oxytocin and vasopressin levels in relation to the development of combat-related PTSD in a large military cohort
Reijnen, A., Geuze, E., & Vermetten, E. H. G. J. M. (2017) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.06.010 · Cited by 30
Dietary associations of fathers and their children between the ages of 20 months and 5 years
Walsh, A. D., Cameron, A. J., Crawford, D. A., et al. (2016) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s136898001600077x · Cited by 28
The Characteristics of Women Who Use Complementary Medicine While Attempting to Conceive: Results from a Nationally Representative Sample of 13,224 Australian Women
Steel, A., Adams, J., & Sibbritt, D. W. (2016) · Women s Health Issues · doi:10.1016/j.whi.2016.09.010 · Cited by 28
Cervical Cord Atrophy and Long-Term Disease Progression in Patients with Primary-Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
Aymerich, F. X., Auger, C., Alonso, J., et al. (2017) · American Journal of Neuroradiology · doi:10.3174/ajnr.a5495 · Cited by 28
Neurocognitive Development in Perinatally Human Immunodeficiency Virus–infected Adolescents on Long-term Treatment, Compared to Healthy Matched Controls: A Longitudinal Study
den Hof, M. V., ter Haar, A. M., Scherpbier, H. J., et al. (2019) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciz386 · Cited by 28
Photobiomodulation therapy and NMES improve muscle strength and jumping performance in young volleyball athletes: a randomized controlled trial study in Brazil
da Cunha, R. A., Pinfildi, C. E., Pochini, A. D. C., & Cohen, M. (2019) · Lasers in Medical Science · doi:10.1007/s10103-019-02858-6 · Cited by 27
Social participation and tooth loss, vision, and hearing impairments among older Brazilian adults
Bernabé, E., de Oliveira, C. M., Duarte, Y. A. O., de Andrade, F. B., & Sabbah, W. (2023) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.18423 · Cited by 29
Problem Gambling related to Intimate Partner Violence: findings from the Pacific Islands Families Study
Schlüter, P. J., Abbott, M., & Bellringer, M. (2008) · International Gambling Studies · doi:10.1080/14459790701870134 · Cited by 28
A worksite prevention program for construction workers: design of a randomized controlled trial
Hengel, K. M. O., Joling, C. I., Proper, K. I., et al. (2010) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-336 · Cited by 28
A randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of a Nurse Home Visiting Program for Pregnant Adolescents
Fatori, D., Fonseca Zuccolo, P., Shephard, E., Brentani, H., Matijasevich, A., Archanjo Ferraro, A., Aparecida Fracolli, L., Chiesa, A. M., Leckman, J., Constantino Miguel, E., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-93938-7 · Cited by 29
Effectiveness of a Lifestyle Intervention for People With a Severe Mental Illness in Dutch Outpatient Mental Health Care: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Walburg, F. S., van Meijel, B., Hoekstra, T., Kol, J., Pape, L. M., de Joode, J. W., van Tulder, M., & Adriaanse, M. (2023) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.1566 · Cited by 27
Can favorable psychosocial work conditions and high work dedication protect against the occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders?
Joling, C. I., Blatter, B. M., Ybema, J. F., & Bongers, P. M. (2008) · Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health · doi:10.5271/sjweh.1274 · Cited by 28
Tracking of fruit, vegetables and unhealthy snacks consumption from childhood to adulthood (15 year period): does exposure to a free school fruit programme modify the observed tracking?
Hovdenak, I. M., Stea, T. H., Twisk, J. W. R., Velde, S. J. T., Klepp, K., & Bere, E. T. (2019) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-019-0783-8 · Cited by 26
Self-citation
The decline in physical activity in aging people is not modified by gender or the presence of cardiovascular disease
Achttien, R. J., van Lieshout, J., Wensing, M., der Sanden, M. W. G. N., & Staal, J. B. (2019) · European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckz159 · Cited by 27
New Insights Into the Relationship Between Drought and Mental Health Emerging From the Australian Rural Mental Health Study
Luong, T. T., Handley, T. E., Austin, E. K., Kiem, A. S., Rich, J., & Kelly, B. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.719786 · Cited by 29
Intensive intervention for children and adolescents with autism in a community setting in Italy: a single-group longitudinal study
Valenti, M., Cerbo, R., Masedu, F., Caris, M. D., & Sorge, G. (2010) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/1753-2000-4-23 · Cited by 28
Enamel defects and dental caries in 9‐year‐old children living in fluoridated and nonfluoridated areas of Auckland, New Zealand
Kanagaratnam, S., Schlüter, P. J., Durward, C. S., et al. (2009) · Community Dentistry And Oral Epidemiology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2009.00465.x · Cited by 27
Co-morbidity burden in Parkinson’s disease: Comparison with controls and its influence on prognosis
Macleod, A. D., Goddard, H., & Counsell, C. E. (2016) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.05.013 · Cited by 25
“Although a linear mixed model can handle missing data, assuming it is missing at random, the differential rate of death may introduce bias [27].”
Background
The immediate effect of a soft knee brace on pain, activity limitations, self-reported knee instability, and self-reported knee confidence in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Cudejko, T., van der Esch, M., van der Leeden, M., van den Noort, J. C., Roorda, L. D., Lems, W. F., Twisk, J. W. R., Steultjens, M. P. M., Woodburn, J., Harlaar, J., et al. (2017) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13075-017-1456-0 · Cited by 27
Self-citation
Underlying mechanisms of improving physical activity behavior after rehabilitation
van der Ploeg, H. P., Streppel, K. R. M., van der Beek, A. J., et al. (2008) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1080/10705500801929684 · Cited by 27
Interactional justice at work is related to sickness absence: a study using repeated measures in the Swedish working population
Leineweber, C., Bernhard‐Oettel, C., Peristera, P., Eib, C., Nyberg, A., & Westerlund, H. (2017) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4899-y · Cited by 35
Efficacy of a mobile phone-based life-skills training program for substance use prevention among adolescents: study protocol of a cluster-randomised controlled trial
Haug, S., Castro, R. P., Wenger, A., & Schaub, M. P. (2018) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5969-5 · Cited by 27
Change in quality of life after rehabilitation: prognostic factors for visually impaired adults
Langelaan, M., de Boer, M. R., van Nispen, R. M. A., Wouters, B., Moll, A. C., & van Rens, G. H. M. B. (2009) · International Journal of Rehabilitation Research · doi:10.1097/mrr.0b013e3283063503 · Cited by 25
Personal wellbeing in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): association with PTSD symptoms during and following treatment
Berle, D., Hilbrink, D., Russell-Williams, C., Kiely, R., Hardaker, L., Garwood, N., Gilchrist, A., & Steel, Z. (2018) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-018-0219-2 · Cited by 26
“The GEE approach allows estimation of regression coefficients that reflect the longitudinal relation between a predictor variable and an outcome variable [20].”
MethodInfluential
A within-person theoretical perspective in sales research: outlining recommendations for adoption and consideration of boundary conditions
Childs, D. R. N., Lee, N. J., Dewsnap, B., & Cadogan, J. W. (2019) · Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management · doi:10.1080/08853134.2019.1620612 · Cited by 26
“For example, by nature, the assumption of independence of measurements is violated in within-person research (Twisk 2013).”
Background
Effect of food-related behavioral activation therapy on food intake and the environmental impact of the diet: results from the MooDFOOD prevention trial
Grasso, A. C., Olthof, M. R., van Dooren, C., Roca, M., Gili, M., Visser, M., Cabout, M., Bot, M., Penninx, B. W. J. H., van Grootheest, G., et al. (2019) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-019-02106-1 · Cited by 26
The immediate effect of a soft knee brace on dynamic knee instability in persons with knee osteoarthritis
Cudejko, T., van der Esch, M., Schrijvers, J. C., Richards, R. E., van den Noort, J. C., Wrigley, T. V., van der Leeden, M., Roorda, L. D., Lems, W. F., Harlaar, J., et al. (2018) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/key162 · Cited by 25
The Association between Sleep Quality and Fatigue in Colorectal Cancer Survivors up until Two Years after Treatment: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analysis
Legg, M., Meertens, R. M., van Roekel, E. H., Breukink, S. O., Janssen-Heijnen, M. L. G., Keulen, E. T. P., Steindorf, K., Weijenberg, M. P., & Bours, M. J. L. (2022) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers14061527 · Cited by 26
Post-treatment stability after 5 years of retention with vacuum-formed and bonded retainers—a randomized controlled trial
Krämer, A., Sjöström, M., Apelthun, C., et al. (2022) · European Journal of Orthodontics · doi:10.1093/ejo/cjac043 · Cited by 25
Feasibility of a group cessation program for co-smokers of cannabis and tobacco
Becker, J., Haug, S., Kræmer, T., & Schaub, M. P. (2015) · Drug and Alcohol Review · doi:10.1111/dar.12244 · Cited by 25
Reinforcement Schedule Effects on Long-Term Behavior Change
Chudzynski, J. E., Roll, J. M., McPherson, S., Cameron, J. M., & Howell, D. N. (2015) · The Psychological Record · doi:10.1007/s40732-014-0110-3 · Cited by 25
“We utilized generalized estimation equations (GEE) to analyze attendance and methamphetamine abstinence during treatment (Twisk 2003).”
Method
The effectiveness of the use of a digital activity coaching system in addition to a two-week home-based exercise program in patients after total knee arthroplasty: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Harmelink, K. E. M., Zeegers, A. V. C. M., Tönis, T. M., Hullegie, W., der Sanden, M. W. G. N., & Staal, J. B. (2017) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-017-1647-5 · Cited by 26
Health-Related Quality of Life, Self-Efficacy and Enjoyment Keep the Socially Vulnerable Physically Active in Community-Based Physical Activity Programs: A Sequential Cohort Study
Herens, M. C., Bakker, E. J., van Ophem, J., Wagemakers, A., & Koelen, M. A. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150025 · Cited by 24
Socioeconomic Predictors of Transactional Sex in a Cohort of Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Malawi: A Longitudinal Analysis
Gichane, M. W., Moracco, K. E., Pettifor, A. E., Zimmer, C., Maman, S., Phanga, T., Nthani, T., & Rosenberg, N. E. (2020) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-020-02910-5 · Cited by 25
Recovery of Work-Related Stress: Complaint Reduction and Work-Resumption are Relatively Independent Processes
de Vente, W., Kamphuis, J. H., Blonk, R. W. B., & Emmelkamp, P. M. G. (2015) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-015-9573-6 · Cited by 26
Implementing an evidence-based computerized decision support system to improve patient care in a general hospital: the CODES study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Moja, L., Friz, H. P., Capobussi, M., Kwag, K. H., Banzi, R., Ruggiero, F. M., González‐Lorenzo, M., Liberati, E. G., Mangia, M., Nyberg, P. M., et al. (2015) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/s13012-016-0455-x · Cited by 25
Implementing an evidence-based computerized decision support system linked to electronic health records to improve care for cancer patients: the ONCO-CODES study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Moja, L., Passardi, A., Capobussi, M., Banzi, R., Ruggiero, F. M., Kwag, K. H., Liberati, E. G., Mangia, M., Kunnamo, I., Cinquini, M., et al. (2016) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/s13012-016-0514-3 · Cited by 26
Efficacy of a smartphone-based coaching program for addiction prevention among apprentices: study protocol of a cluster-randomised controlled trial
Haug, S., Castro, R. P., Wenger, A., & Schaub, M. P. (2020) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09995-6 · Cited by 24
The Relationship Between Psychiatric Illnesses and Skin Disease
Magin, P. J., Sibbritt, D. W., & Bailey, K. A. (2009) · Archives of Dermatology · doi:10.1001/archdermatol.2009.155 · Cited by 24
What Happens After Treatment? Long-Term Effects of Continued Substance Use, Psychiatric Problems and Help-Seeking on Social Status of Alcohol-Dependent Individuals
Karriker‐Jaffe, K. J., Witbrodt, J., Subbaraman, M. S., & Kaskutas, L. A. (2018) · Alcohol and Alcoholism · doi:10.1093/alcalc/agy025 · Cited by 23
The cost effectiveness of personalized dietary advice to increase protein intake in older adults with lower habitual protein intake: a randomized controlled trial
Reinders, I., Visser, M., Jyväkorpi, S. K., Niskanen, R. T., Bosmans, J. E., Ben, Â. J., Brouwer, I. A., Kuijper, L. D. J., Olthof, M. R., Pitkälä, K. H., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-021-02675-0 · Cited by 27
Efficacy of Op Koers Online, an online group intervention for parents of children with cancer: Results of a randomized controlled trial
Joosten, M. M. H., Maurice‐Stam, H., van Gorp, M., Beek, L. R., Holten, D. S., Scholten, L., & Grootenhuis, M. A. (2024) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.6284 · Cited by 23
Relationships of neurosensory disorders and reduced work ability to alternative frequency weightings of hand-transmitted vibration
Bovenzi, M., Prodi, A., & Mauro, M. (2015) · Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health · doi:10.5271/sjweh.3490 · Cited by 23
Long-term Stability of Social Participation
Hyyppä, M. T., Mäki, J., Alanen, E., Impivaara, O., & Aromaa, A. J. (2007) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-007-9199-y · Cited by 23
Time on androgen deprivation therapy and adaptations to exercise: secondary analysis from a 12‐month randomized controlled trial in men with prostate cancer
Taaffe, D. R., Buffart, L. M., Newton, R. U., Spry, N. A., Denham, J. W., Joseph, D. J., Lamb, D. S., Chambers, S. K., & Galvao, D. A. (2017) · British Journal of Urology · doi:10.1111/bju.14008 · Cited by 23
Correlation of shoulder range of motion limitations at discharge with limitations in activities and participation one year later in persons with spinal cord injury
Eriks-Hoogland, I., de Groot, S., Post, M. W. M., et al. (2011) · Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.2340/16501977-0655 · Cited by 23
Maternal Parenting Electronic Diary in the Context of a Home Visit Intervention for Adolescent Mothers in an Urban Deprived Area of São Paulo, Brazil: Randomized Controlled Trial
Fatori, D., Argeu, A., Brentani, H., Chiesa, A., Fracolli, L., Matijasevich, A., Miguel, E. C., & Polanczyk, G. (2020) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/13686 · Cited by 21
Over- and under-prophylaxis for chemotherapy-induced (febrile) neutropenia relative to evidence-based guidelines is associated with differences in outcomes: findings from the MONITOR-GCSF study
Bokemeyer, C., Gascón, P., Aapro, M., et al. (2017) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-017-3572-4 · Cited by 22
Association between health care utilization and musculoskeletal pain. A 21-year follow-up of a population cohort
Emilson, C., Åsenlöf, P., Demmelmaier, I., & Bergman, S. (2020) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1515/sjpain-2019-0143 · Cited by 22
Association between neighbourhood deprivation, fetal growth, small-for-gestational age and preterm birth: a population-based prospective cohort study
Gootjes, D. V., Posthumus, A. G., Jaddoe, V. W. V., & Steegers, E. A. P. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049075 · Cited by 24
Changes in leisure‐time physical activity and physical and mental health functioning: a follow‐up study
Holstila, A., Mänty, M., Rahkonen, O., Lahelma, E. T., & Lahti, J. M. T. (2016) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.12758 · Cited by 26
“Linear mixed models are more suitable for analyzing repeated measurements than traditional regression models, because they take into account that repeated measurements from individuals are not independent (Twisk, 2013).”
Background
Health-related quality of life and physical activity level after a behavior change program at Norwegian healthy life centers: a 15-month follow-up
Blom, E. E., Aadland, E., Skrove, G. K., Solbraa, A. K., & Oldervoll, L. M. (2020) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-020-02554-x · Cited by 26
Vitamin D levels in liver transplantation recipients and early postoperative outcomes: Prospective observational DLiverX study
Martucci, G., Volpes, R., Panarello, G., Tuzzolino, F., Carlo, D. D., Ricotta, C., Gruttadauria, S., Conaldi, P. G., Luca, A., Amrein, K., et al. (2020) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.10.027 · Cited by 22
The Association Between Metabolic Syndrome, Hyperfiltration, and Long-Term GFR Decline in the General Population
Bystad, E. W., Stefansson, V. T. N., Eriksen, B. O., & Melsom, T. (2023) · Kidney International Reports · doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2023.06.022 · Cited by 22
“The interactions between independent variables and time were taken to represent the independent variables’ associations with the GFR change rate.(37) All 1551 participants were included in the analysis regardless of the number of follow-up GFRs because the linear mixed regression accounts for missing values.”
Method

Authors: Twisk, J. W. R.
Affiliations: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
Corresponding author: Twisk, Jos W. R.
ORCID: Twisk, Jos W. R.
Venue: Cambridge University Press eBooks
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2013-05-05
DOI: 10.1017/cbo9781139342834
OpenAlex: W4251962509
Cited by: 593
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 45 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 55 · 2019: 66 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 8
FWCI: 6.66
Type: book
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations: Cambridge University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
Keywords: longitudinal analysis, generalized estimating equations, mixed models, paired t-test, summary statistics, time variable, experimental study, missing data, statistical software comparison, epidemiology

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Applied Longitudinal Data Analysis for Epidemiology: A Practical Guide

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