Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens associated with healthcare-associated infections: summary of data reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011–2014.
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OBJECTIVE: To describe antimicrobial resistance patterns for healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) that occurred in 2011–2014 and were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Healthcare Safety Network. METHODS: Data from central line–associated bloodstream infections, catheter-associated urinary tract infections, ventilator-associated pneumonias, and surgical site infections were analyzed. These HAIs were reported from acute care hospitals, long-term acute care hospitals, and inpatient rehabilitation facilities. Pooled mean proportions of pathogens that tested resistant (or nonsusceptible) to selected antimicrobials were calculated by year and HAI type. RESULTS: Overall, 4,515 hospitals reported that at least 1 HAI occurred in 2011–2014. There were 408,151 pathogens from 365,490 HAIs reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network, most of which were reported from acute care hospitals with greater than 200 beds. Fifteen pathogen groups accounted for 87% of reported pathogens; the most common included Escherichia coli (15%), Staphylococcus aureus (12%), Klebsiella species (8%), and coagulase-negative staphylococci (8%). In general, the proportion of isolates with common resistance phenotypes was higher among device-associated HAIs compared with surgical site infections. Although the percent resistance for most phenotypes was similar to earlier reports, an increase in the magnitude of the resistance percentages among E. coli pathogens was noted, especially related to fluoroquinolone resistance. CONCLUSION: This report represents a national summary of antimicrobial resistance among select HAIs and phenotypes. The distribution of frequent pathogens and some resistance patterns appear to have changed from 2009–2010, highlighting the need for continual, careful monitoring of these data across the spectrum of HAI types. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;1–14
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Candida species are a leading cause of health care-associated bloodstream infections in the United States and elsewhere.
“In the United States and elsewhere, Candida species are a leading cause of health care–associated bloodstream infections (3–5).”
From Population-Based Active Surveillance for Culture-Confirmed Candidemia — Four Sites, United States, 2012–2016 (2019) · cites this paper as [5]
The Results (Pathogen Distribution; page not provided) say that Candida species, grouped together, would rank fourth among pathogens across all healthcare-associated infection types in the U.S. The passage does not establish Candida’s rank specifically among bloodstream infections, and the paper’s data do not cover countries outside the U.S. (LLM, conf=0.79)
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- Authors
- Weiner, L. M., Webb, A. K., Limbago, B., Dudeck, M. A., Patel, J., Kallen, A. J., Edwards, J. R., & Sievert, D. M.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Corresponding author
- Weiner, Lindsey M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2016-08-30
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1288-1301
- ISSN
- 0899-823X (ISSN-L)
- 1559-6834
- PMC
- PMC6857725
- OpenAlex
- W4230357700
- Cited by
- 1,313
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 62 · 2025: 103 · 2024: 133 · 2023: 136 · 2022: 142 · 2021: 184 · 2020: 169 · 2019: 183 · 2018: 120 · 2017: 72 · 2016: 5 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 61.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (CC999999)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infection Control in Healthcare
- Keywords
- antimicrobial resistance, nosocomial infections, National Healthcare Safety Network, central line-associated bloodstream infection, catheter-associated urinary tract infection, ventilator-associated pneumonia, surgical site infection, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, coagulase-negative staphylococci, fluoroquinolone resistance, device-related infection, resistance monitoring
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