Physical activity, diet and gene–environment interactions in relation to body mass index and waist circumference: The Swedish Young Male Twins Study
Open accessAbstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the relationships between genetic susceptibility to obesity, physical activity (PA), dietary fibre, sugar and fat intakes and 4-year changes in body mass index (BMI) and attained waist circumference (WC) in a cohort of 287 monozygotic and 189 dizygotic young adult male twin pairs. Increased knowledge about interactions between genes and environment may provide insight into why some individuals are more prone to obesity than others. Design: Information about PA, BMI, dietary habits, WC and potential confounders was collected by questionnaire in 1998 and 2002. The cohort data were analysed by mixed linear models. Results: Twins with low PA attained larger WC than twins with high PA (difference 2.5 cm; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3, 3.6). The twins with the lowest fibre intake were found to have attained the highest WC and to have increased most in BMI (difference between highest and lowest fibre intakes: 1.6 cm, 95% CI 0.4, 2.9 and 0.45 kg m−2, 95% CI 0.15, 0.76, respectively). Furthermore, our results suggested the presence of interactions so that twins with genetic susceptibility to obesity were more prone to have larger WC if sedentary than twins without genetic susceptibility. Conclusion: PA and a diet rich in fibre may be protective against weight gain among younger adult men. An interaction between PA, genes and attained WC is a novel finding which needs confirmation by other studies.
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- Authors
- Karnehed, N., Tynelius, P., Heitman, B. L., & Rasmussen, F.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Rasmussen, Finn
- Venue
- Public Health Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2006-10
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 851-858
- ISSN
- 1368-9800 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2727
- OpenAlex
- W2112621713
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 2.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Public Health Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Forskningsrådet för Arbetsliv och Socialvetenskap
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Physical Performance
- Keywords
- physical activity, dietary fiber, sugar consumption, dietary fat intake, body mass index, waist circumference, gene-environment interaction, genetic susceptibility to obesity, weight gain, sedentary behavior, monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins, young men
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Diet, Diet Surveys, Dietary Fiber, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Male, Obesity, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sweden, Twins, Dizygotic, Twins, Monozygotic, Cohort Studies, Weight Gain, Exercise, Body Mass Index, Linear Models, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Waist-Hip Ratio
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