The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Sex differences in fat storage, fat metabolism, and the health risks from obesity: possible evolutionary origins
Open accessAbstract
Human beings are susceptible to sustained weight gain in the modern environment. Although both men and women can get fat, they get fat in different ways, and suffer different consequences. We review differences between men and women in the incidence of obesity, fat deposition patterns, fat metabolism, and the health consequences of obesity, and examine potential evolutionary explanations for these differences. Women generally have a larger proportion of body mass as fat, and are more likely to deposit fat subcutaneously and on their lower extremities; men are more likely to deposit fat in the abdominal region. Excess adipose tissue in the abdominal region, especially visceral fat, is associated with more health risks. Women have higher rates of reuptake of NEFA into adipose tissue; however, they also have higher rates of fat oxidation during prolonged exercise. Oestrogen appears to underlie many of these differences. Women bear higher nutrient costs during reproduction. Fat and fertility are linked in women, through leptin. Low leptin levels reduce fertility. Ovarian function of adult women is associated with their fatness at birth. In our evolutionary past food insecurity was a frequent occurrence. Women would have benefited from an increased ability to store fat in easily metabolisable depots. We suggest that the pattern of central obesity, more commonly seen in men, is not adaptive, but rather reflects the genetic drift hypothesis of human susceptibility to obesity. Female obesity, with excess adiposity in the lower extremities, reflects an exaggeration of an adaptation for female reproductive success.
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Cites
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Sex and Gender Differences in Risk, Pathophysiology and Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Diet and depression: Exploring the biological mechanisms of action
Marx, W., Lane, M., Hockey, M., Aslam, H., Berk, M., Walder, K., Borsini, A., Firth, J., Pariante, C. M., Berding, K., et al. (2021) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-020-00925-x · Cited by 685
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Sex Differences in Body Composition
Bredella, M. A. (2017) · Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70178-3_2 · Cited by 523
From pre-diabetes to diabetes: diagnosis, treatments and translational research
Khan, R., Chua, Z., Tan, J., Yang, Y., Liao, Z., & Zhao, Y. (2019) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina55090546 · Cited by 484
Metadata
- Authors
- Power, M. L., & Schulkin, J.
- Venue
- British Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2008-05
- Volume
- 99
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 931-940
- ISSN
- 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2662
- OpenAlex
- W2122426204
- Cited by
- 605
- References
- 14
- FWCI
- 3.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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