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Dietary cholesterol: from physiology to cardiovascular risk
Open accessAbstract
Dietary cholesterol comes exclusively from animal sources, thus it is naturally present in our diet and tissues. It is an important component of cell membranes and a precursor of bile acids, steroid hormones and vitamin D. Contrary to phytosterols (originated from plants), cholesterol is synthesised in the human body in order to maintain a stable pool when dietary intake is low. Given the necessity for cholesterol, very effective intestinal uptake mechanisms and enterohepatic bile acid and cholesterol reabsorption cycles exist; conversely, phytosterols are poorly absorbed and, indeed, rapidly excreted. Dietary cholesterol content does not significantly influence plasma cholesterol values, which are regulated by different genetic and nutritional factors that influence cholesterol absorption or synthesis. Some subjects are hyper-absorbers and others are hyper-responders, which implies new therapeutic issues. Epidemiological data do not support a link between dietary cholesterol and CVD. Recent biological data concerning the effect of dietary cholesterol on LDL receptor-related protein may explain the complexity of the effect of cholesterol on CVD risk.
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“Hamsters fed a hypercholesterolaemic diet supplemented with freeze-dried kefir (milk or soya milk) showed a significant reduction in TAG concentration and in the atherogenic index (69) .”
From Milk kefir : nutritional, microbiological and health benefits (2017) · cites this paper as [69]
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“The molecular switches that coordinate LDLR trafficking and turnover in response to nutritional cues, including high dietary cholesterol, remain poorly defined 3-6 .”
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“Numerous studies have shown that dietary cholesterol produces a marked reduction in hepatic LDLR levels 3-6 .”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lecerf, J.-M., & de Lorgeril, M.
- Affiliations
- Institut Pasteur de Lille (FR)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Lecerf, Jean-Michel
- ORCID
- Lecerf, Jean-Michel
- Venue
- British Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2011-03-09
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 6-14
- ISSN
- 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2662
- OpenAlex
- W2079096694
- Cited by
- 182
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- dietary cholesterol, cardiovascular risk, serum cholesterol, cholesterol absorption, enterohepatic circulation, bile acids, phytosterols, cholesterol biosynthesis, LDL receptor-related protein, hyper-responders
- MeSH terms
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Cholesterol, Cholesterol, Dietary, Humans, Intestinal Absorption, Phytosterols, Risk Factors
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