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Cited by 261News Media Framing and Political CommunicationMedia Influence and PoliticsInternational Relations and Foreign Policy

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 78 of the 80 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Crossing the Water's Edge: Elite Rhetoric, Media Coverage, and the Rally-Round-the-Flag Phenomenon

Groeling, Tim, Baum, Matthew A.·2008·The Journal of Politics
DOI 10.1017/s0022381608081061
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Abstract

The most widely accepted explanation for the rally-round-the-flag phenomenon is a relative absence of elite criticism during the initial stages of foreign crises. In this study we argue that the nature and extent of elite debate may matter less than media coverage of any such debate and that these often systematically diverge. We also argue that not all messages in this debate matter equally for public opinion. Rather, the persuasiveness of elite messages depends on their credibility, which, in turn, arises out of an interaction between the sender, receiver, and message. Hence, only by understanding the interactions between elites, the public, and the press can we account for variations in public responses to presidential foreign policy initiatives. We test our theory by examining public opinion data and a new dataset on network news coverage of all major U.S. uses of military force from 1979 to 2003. We content analyze all congressional evaluations of the president and the executive branch of government from the three network evening newscasts within 61-day time periods centered on the start date of each use of force. Our results offer strong support for the theory.

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Crossref · 10.1017/s0022381608081061

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78 of 78 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Citations

Cites

Show all 80 references

Research works printed but not linked: 18

  1. Brody Richard, Assessing the President
  2. Cappella Joseph N, 1997, Jamieson
  3. Congressional Quarterly Almanac, 1953–2000
  4. Groeling, Tim. 2001. “When Politicians Attack: The Causes, Contours, and Consequences of Partisan Political Communication.” Ph.D. Dissertation. University of California, San Diego.
  5. Hess Stephen, Live from Capitol Hill
  6. Howell William, Typescript
  7. Kernell Samuel, Going Public
  8. Kull Steven, Public Opinion and the International Use of Force, ed. Phillip Everts and Pierangelo Isneria.
  9. Kurtz Howard, Republican Convention Gets Under Way
  10. Levy Jack S, Handbook of War Studies, M.I. Midlarsky.
  11. Lupia Arthur, 1998, McCubbins
  12. Mayhew David, Congress: The Electoral Connection
  13. Page Benjamin I, 2006, Bouton
  14. Perla Hector, meeting of the American Political Science Association
  15. Rosenau James N, Public Opinion and Foreign Policy
  16. Schwartz Benjamin C, Military Intervention: Implications for U.S. Regional Deterrence Strategies
  17. Spence A. Michael., Market Signaling
  18. Zaller John, 1946, Government's Little Helper: U

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Metadata

Authors
Groeling, T., & Baum, M. A.
Affiliations
Harvard University (US)
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Politics
Publisher
University of Chicago Press
Published
2008-10
Volume
70
Issue
4
Pages
1065-1085
ISSN
  • 0022-3816 (ISSN-L)
  • 1468-2508
DOI
10.1017/s0022381608081061
OpenAlex
W3125270158
Cited by
243
References
80
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 9
FWCI
38.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
The Journal of Politics (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Communication › News Media Framing and Political Communication
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Media Influence and Politics
  • Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › International Relations and Foreign Policy
Keywords
elite rhetoric, media coverage, presidential foreign policy, public opinion, credibility

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