Different neural substrates for executive functions in youths with ADHD: a diffusion spectrum imaging tractography study
Abstract
Background The relationship between white-matter tracts and executive functions (EF) in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has not been well studied and previous studies mainly focused on frontostriatal (FS) tracts. The authors explored the microstructural property of several fibre tracts hypothesized to be involved in EF, to correlate their microstructural property with EF, and to explore whether such associations differ between ADHD and typically developing (TD) youths. Method We assessed 45 youths with ADHD and 45 individually matched TD youths with a computerized test battery for multiple dimensions of EF. From magnetic resonance imaging, FS tract, superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), arcuate fasciculus (AF) and cingulum bundle (CB) were reconstructed by diffusion spectrum imaging tractography. The generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA) values of white-matter tracts were computed to present microstructural property of each tract. Results We found lower GFA in the left FS tract, left SLF, left AF and right CB, and poorer performance in set-shifting, sustained attention, cognitive inhibition and visuospatial planning in ADHD than TD. The ADHD and TD groups demonstrated different association patterns between EF and fibre tract microstructural property. Most of the EF were associated with microstructural integrity of the FS tract and CB in TD youths, while with that of the FS tract, SLF and AF in youths with ADHD. Conclusions Our findings support that the SLF…
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In ADHD, there is loss of cingulum correlations with executive functions seen in controls.
“alongside the loss of cingulum correlations with executive functions seen in controls.”
From The cingulum bundle: Anatomy, function, and dysfunction (2018) · cites this paper as Chiang et al. (2016)
Chiang et al. (2016) reported lower cingulum FA in ADHD that correlated with inattention.
“Chiang et al. (2016) reported lower cingulum FA in ADHD that correlated with inattention”
From The cingulum bundle: Anatomy, function, and dysfunction (2018) · cites this paper as Chiang et al. (2016)
In ADHD, reduced FA in the cingulum is sometimes, but not consistently, reported.
“highlight the variable pattern of changes in which reduced FA in the cingulum is sometimes, but not consistently, reported (Makris et al., 2007; Pavuluri et al., 2009; Chiang et al., 2016; Table 2).”
From The cingulum bundle: Anatomy, function, and dysfunction (2018) · cites this paper as Chiang et al., 2016
Such analyses have been applied to study how white matter fiber tracts are affected in individuals with different disease severity, how tracts relate to cognitive and socio-emotional function, and how tracts develop during human neurodevelopment and aging.
“Such analyses have been applied to study, e.g., how white matter fiber tracts are affected in individuals with different disease severity (Cha et al., 2015; Chiang et al., 2016; Price et al., 2007), how tracts relate to cognitive and socio-emotional function (Zekelman et al., 2021), and how tracts are developing during human neurodevelopment and aging (Gertheiss et al., 2013; Hasan et al., 2009a;”
From Quantitative mapping of the brain’s structural connectivity using diffusion MRI tractography: A review (2022) · cites this paper as Chiang et al., 2016
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Smaller prefrontal and premotor volumes in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
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The cingulum bundle: Anatomy, function, and dysfunction
Bubb, E. J., Metzler-Baddeley, C., & Aggleton, J. P. (2018) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.05.008 · Cited by 740 · see citing works
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“white matter fiber tracts are affected in individuals with different disease severity [70, 342, 80], and how tracts are developing during human neurodevelopment and aging [160, 289, 187].”
Background
- Authors
- Chiang, H.-L., Chen, Y.-J., Shang, C.-Y., Tseng, W.-Y. I., & Gau, S. S.-F.
- Affiliations
- National Taiwan University (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Tseng, W.-Y. I.
- Gau, S. S.-F.
- Venue
- Psychological Medicine
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2016-01-08
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1225-1238
- ISSN
- 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8978
- OpenAlex
- W2290117951
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 5.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Council
- National Health Research Institutes
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, executive function, white matter tracts, superior longitudinal fasciculus, arcuate fasciculus, cingulum, generalized fractional anisotropy, set-shifting, sustained attention, cognitive inhibition, adolescents
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Neural Pathways, Taiwan, Linear Models, Case-Control Studies, Anisotropy, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Executive Function, White Matter
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