The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Executive function and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: stimulant medication and better executive function performance in children
Abstract
Background. Executive function deficits have been reported repeatedly in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Stimulant medication has been shown to be effective in improving cognitive performance on most executive function tasks, but neuropsychological tests of executive function in this population have yielded inconsistent results. Methodological limitations may explain these inconsistencies. This study aimed to measure executive function in medicated and non-medicated children with ADHD by using a computerized battery, the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), which is sensitive to executive function deficits in older patients with frontostriatal neurological impairments. Methods. Executive function was assessed in 30 children with ADHD: 15 were stimulant medication naïve and 15 were treated with stimulant medication. These two groups were compared to 15 age, sex and IQ matched controls. Results. The unmedicated children with ADHD displayed specific cognitive impairments on executive function tasks of spatial short-term memory, spatial working memory, set-shifting ability and planning ability. Impairments were also seen on spatial recognition memory and delayed matching to sample, while pattern recognition memory remained intact. The medicated children with ADHD were not impaired on any of the above executive function tasks except for deficits in spatial recognition memory. Conclusions. ADHD is associated with deficits in executive function. Stimulant medication is associated with better executive function performance. Prospective follow-up studies are required to examine these effects.
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Cites
Executive functions and developmental psychopathology.
Pennington, B. F., & Ozonoff, S. (1996) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01380.x · Cited by 3,150 · cited 2×
“Furthermore, children with ADHD commonly show impairments on tests of executive function (Pennington & Ozonoff, 1996; Tannock, 1998).”
BackgroundRapoport, J. L. (1980) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1980.01780210091010 · Cited by 434
Contrasting cognitive deficits in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder versus reading disability
Pennington, B. F., Groisser, D., & Welsh, M. C. (1993) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.29.3.511 · Cited by 416 · cited 6×
“However, this may have occurred because a number of neuropsychological studies of ADHD have used tests of executive function that have been validated in adult humans with focal brain lesions (e.g. WCST) and may, therefore, have limited validity for use in children because of their complex and multifactorial nature.”
MethodInfluentialEffects of methylphenidate on spatial working memory and planning in healthy young adults
Elliott, R., Sahakian, B. J., Matthews, K., Bannerjea, A., Rimmer, J., & Robbins, T. W. (1997) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130050284 · Cited by 389
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Robbins, T. W., & Sahakian, B. J. (1979) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/0028-3908(79)90157-6 · Cited by 170 · cited 1×
“For example, Robbins & Sahakian (1979) have proposed that stimulant medication may impair executive function by inducing ‘over-focusing and perseveration’.”
Background
Cited by
Willcutt, E. G., Doyle, A. E., Nigg, J. T., Faraone, S. V., & Pennington, B. F. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.02.006 · Cited by 3,568
Cognitive impairment in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Rock, P. L., Roiser, J. P., Riedel, W. J., & Blackwell, A. D. (2014) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291713002535 · Cited by 2,161
Computerized training of working memory in children with ADHD – a randomized, controlled trial
Klingberg, T., Fernell, E., Olesen, P. J., Johnson, M., Gustafsson, P., Dahlström, K., Gillberg, C. G., Forssberg, H., & Westerberg, H. (2005) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200502000-00010 · Cited by 1,949
Neuroscience of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the search for endophenotypes
Castellanos, F. X., & Tannock, R. (2002) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn896 · Cited by 1,827
MARTINUSSEN, R., HAYDEN, J., HOGG-JOHNSON, S., & TANNOCK, R. (2005) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000153228.72591.73 · Cited by 1,297
Metadata
- Authors
- KEMPTON, S., VANCE, A., MARUFF, P., LUK, E., COSTIN, J., & PANTELIS, C.
- Venue
- Psychological Medicine
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 1999-05
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 527-538
- ISSN
- 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8978
- OpenAlex
- W2084038245
- Cited by
- 341
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 6.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- KEMPTON, S., VANCE, A., MARUFF, P., LUK, E., COSTIN, J., & PANTELIS, C. (1999). Executive function and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: stimulant medication and better executive function performance in children. Psychological Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291799008338
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
