Opening windows of opportunities: evidence for interventions to prevent or treat depression in pregnant women being associated with changes in offspring's developmental trajectories of psychopathology risk
Abstract
Although animal models and correlational studies support a model of fetal programming as a mechanism in the transmission of risk for psychopathology from parents to children, the experimental studies that are required to empirically test the model with the human prenatal dyad are scarce. With a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature, we critically examined the evidence regarding the neurobiological and behavioral changes in infants as a function of randomized clinical trials to prevent or reduce maternal depression during pregnancy, treating randomized clinical trials as experiments testing the fetal programming model. Based on 25 articles that met inclusion criteria, we found support for interventions designed to change maternal prenatal mood being associated with changes in offspring functioning, but with a very small effect size. Effect sizes ranged broadly, and were higher for younger children. The findings enhance understanding of putative mechanisms in the transmission of risk from women's prenatal depression to infants’ vulnerabilities to, and early signs of, the development of psychopathology. We note limitations of the literature and suggest solutions to advance understanding of how preventing or treating depression in pregnant women might disrupt the transmission of risk to the infants.
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There is strong evidence that perinatal mental health conditions can be prevented and effectively treated through psychotherapy and/or pharmacotherapy.
“Importantly, there is strong evidence that PMH conditions can be prevented52-54 and effectively treated through psychotherapy54-57 and/or pharmacotherapy.58,59”
From The transition to parenthood in obstetrics: enhancing prenatal care for 2-generation impact (2022) · cites this paper as [53]
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Web-based treatment for depression in pregnancy: a feasibility study of Mum2BMoodBooster
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Gestational Stress and Resilience: Perspectives to Guide Interdisciplinary Research
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Self-citationPreventive intervention for depression in children, adolescents and adults
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Prenatal Psychoneuroimmunology
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Psychological and social risk factors and pregnancy outcome: a prospective cohort studyPreprint
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Santé mentale en période périnatale : comment améliorer la formation des sages-femmes ?
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- Authors
- Goodman, S. H., Cullum, K. A., Dimidjian, S., River, L. M., & Kim, C. Y.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- University of Denver (US)
- Corresponding author
- Goodman, Sherryl H.
- Venue
- Development and Psychopathology
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2018-08
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1179-1196
- ISSN
- 0954-5794 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-2198
- OpenAlex
- W2887933677
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 1.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Development and Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- maternal depression, pregnancy, fetal programming, infant development, intergenerational transmission of risk, randomized controlled trials
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child Development, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Infant, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Risk Factors
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