The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pre-post effect sizes should be avoided in meta-analyses
Open accessAbstract
Aims: The standardised mean difference (SMD) is one of the most used effect sizes to indicate the effects of treatments. It indicates the difference between a treatment and comparison group after treatment has ended, in terms of standard deviations. Some meta-analyses, including several highly cited and influential ones, use the pre-post SMD, indicating the difference between baseline and post-test within one (treatment group). Methods: In this paper, we argue that these pre-post SMDs should be avoided in meta-analyses and we describe the arguments why pre-post SMDs can result in biased outcomes. Results: One important reason why pre-post SMDs should be avoided is that the scores on baseline and post-test are not independent of each other. The value for the correlation should be used in the calculation of the SMD, while this value is typically not known. We used data from an ‘individual patient data’ meta-analysis of trials comparing cognitive behaviour therapy and anti-depressive medication, to show that this problem can lead to considerable errors in the estimation of the SMDs. Another even more important reason why pre-post SMDs should be avoided in meta-analyses is that they are influenced by natural processes and characteristics of the patients and settings, and these cannot be discerned from the effects of the intervention. Between-group SMDs are much better because they control for such variables and these variables only affect the between group SMD when they are related to the effects of the intervention. Conclusions: We conclude that pre-post SMDs should be avoided in meta-analyses as using them probably results in biased outcomes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, single-arm pre-post studies may constitute a low quality with the perceived overestimated effect size compared to randomised trials.42”
From Mindfulness-based interventions for psychological wellbeing and quality of life in men with prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [42]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, between-group SMDs provide better control over covariates compared with within-group SMDs.41”
From Drug Efficacy in the Treatment of Antipsychotic-Induced Akathisia: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis (2024) · cites this paper as [41]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“As it is not recommended to analyze pre-post standardized mean differences within a metaanalysis (Cuijpers et al., 2017), the findings of pre-post studies were summarized in a narrative synthesis.”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Exploring Effects of Third-Wave Psychological Therapies on Hearing-Related Distress, Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in People With Audiological Problems. (2022) · cites this paper as Cuijpers et al., 2017
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Cuijpers et al. (2017, p. 367) argued that “insofar as possible pre-post SMDs (standardized mean differences) should be avoided because they can contribute to biased outcomes and do not give reliable information about treatment effects”.”
From The effect of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for depression and anxiety on quality of life: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2023) · cites this paper as Cuijpers et al. (2017)
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“What is even more important with regard to pre-post SMD, is that “it only calculates the change within one group. That means that the pre-post SMD is uncontrolled and it is impossible to disentangle which proportion of the SMD is caused by the intervention and which by natural recovery and other processes” (Cuijpers et al., 2017, p. 365).”
From The effect of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for depression and anxiety on quality of life: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2023) · cites this paper as Cuijpers et al., 2017
In the citing paper
“We also conducted sensitivity analyses for correlations set to 0.00, 0.75, and 0.99 to examine the robustness of our findings [42].”
In the citing paper
“most patients favor psychotherapyoverpharmacotherapy.”
From Long-term Outcomes of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety-Related Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2020) · cites this paper as [14]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
An inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032
Hamilton, M. (1960) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56 · Cited by 32,817
Selective Cortical Undercutting As a Means of Modifying and Studying Frontal Lobe Function in Man
Scoville, W. B. (1949) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.1949.6.1.0065 · Cited by 7,374
Kirsch, I., Deacon, B. J., Huedo-Medina, T. B., Scoboria, A., Moore, T. J., & Johnson, B. T. (2008) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050045 · Cited by 2,442
Cuijpers, P., Karyotaki, E., Weitz, E., Andersson, G., Hollon, S. D., & van Straten, A. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.02.026 · Cited by 586
Self-citationHesser, H., Weise, C., Westin, V. Z., & Andersson, G. (2011) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.12.006 · Cited by 340 · cited 1×
“However, many authors use a fixed value that is not based on any empirical data, for example the value of r = 0.75 or r = 0.7 is used in many studies (Hesser et al. 2011; Hofmann et al. 2014; Johnsen & Friborg, 2015).”
MethodInfluentialJohnsen, T. J., & Friborg, O. (2015) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000015 · Cited by 331
Effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders on quality of life: A meta-analysis.
Hofmann, S. G., Wu, J. Q., & Boettcher, H. (2014) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0035491 · Cited by 191
Weitz, E. S., Hollon, S. D., Twisk, J., van Straten, A., Huibers, M. J. H., David, D., DeRubeis, R. J., Dimidjian, S., Dunlop, B. W., Cristea, I. A., et al. (2015) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.1516 · Cited by 187
Self-citationCuijpers, P., Weitz, E., Twisk, J., Kuehner, C., Cristea, I., David, D., DeRubeis, R. J., Dimidjian, S., Dunlop, B. W., Faramarzi, M., et al. (2014) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22328 · Cited by 158
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Beck, 1996, BDI-II. Beck Depression Inventory
- Higgins, 2011, Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 432
Schulte, C. E., Harrer, M., Sachser, C., Weiss, J., & Zarski, A. (2024) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-024-01042-7 · Cited by 18
Mindfulness-based interventions for binge eating: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Liu, J., Tynan, M., Mouangue, A., Martin, C., Manasse, S. M., & Godfrey, K. M. (2025) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-025-00550-5 · Cited by 21
Munguía‐Realpozo, P., Pinto, C. M., García‐Carrasco, M., Berra‐Romani, R., Sierra, C., Méndez‐Martínez, S., & Cervera, R. (2021) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102887 · Cited by 18
de Boer, K., Johnson, C., Wade, T. D., Radünz, M., Fernando, A. N., Babb, J., Stafrace, S., & Sharp, G. (2023) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102354 · Cited by 18
Hosseinpour, A., Azami, P., Hosseinpour, H., Attar, A., & Jahromi, M. K. (2024) · International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200238 · Cited by 18
Can robot-supported learning enhance computational thinking?—A meta-analysis
Wang, Y., & Xie, B. (2024) · Thinking Skills and Creativity · doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2024.101528 · Cited by 21
Nassiri, S., van de Bovenkamp, A. A., Remmelzwaal, S., Sorea, O., de Man, F. S., & Handoko, M. L. (2024) · Open Heart · doi:10.1136/openhrt-2023-002579 · Cited by 18
Miyahara, M., Lagisz, M., Nakagawa, S., & HENDERSON, S. E. (2020) · Child Care Health and Development · doi:10.1111/cch.12763 · Cited by 18
Dinu, L. M., Phattharakulnij, N., & Dommett, E. J. (2022) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-022-02478-5 · Cited by 20
Interpersonal psychotherapy for treatment of obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Toledo, P. R., Neto, F. L., Verdeli, H., Goulart, A. C., Marques, A. H., Solis, A. C. D. O., & Wang, Y. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.070 · Cited by 18
Tong, A. C. Y., Ho, F. S., Chu, O. H., & Mak, W. W. S. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/39029 · Cited by 19
Time trends in the effects of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy for depression: A meta‐analysis
Thimm, J. C., & Johnsen, T. J. (2020) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12642 · Cited by 21
Telles, R., Whitney, B. M., Froelich, S., & Lutgendorf, S. K. (2024) · Health Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/17437199.2024.2336014 · Cited by 19
Tung, W. S., Daher, M., Covarrubias, O., Herber, A., & Gianakos, A. L. (2024) · Foot and Ankle Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.fas.2024.11.005 · Cited by 16
Duggan, H. C., Hardy, G. E., & Waller, G. (2025) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2025.2465745 · Cited by 20
Dickens, G. L., Johnson, A., Steel, K., Everett, B., & Tonkin, M. (2022) · SAGE Open Nursing · doi:10.1177/23779608221124291 · Cited by 16
Sandbank, M. P., Bottema‐Beutel, K., Syu, Y.-C., Caldwell, N., Feldman, J. I., & Woynaroski, T. G. (2024) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613241231624 · Cited by 16
Trager, R. J., Baumann, A. N., Rogers, H., Tidd, J. L., Orellana, K., Preston, G., & Baldwin, K. D. (2024) · Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy · doi:10.1080/10669817.2024.2316420 · Cited by 16
The Efficacy of Experiential Dynamic Therapies: A 10‐Year Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Update
Lilliengren, P., Mechler, J., Lindqvist, K., Maroti, D., & Johansson, R. (2025) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.70086 · Cited by 19
Guzmán-Prado, Y., Vita, R., & Samson, O. (2021) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06403-y · Cited by 15
Sonneveld, J., Metz, J. W., Manders, W. A., Schalk, R., & Regenmortel, T. V. (2021) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10560-021-00765-w · Cited by 15
Niemeyer, H., Lorbeer, N., Mohr, J., Baer, E., & Knaevelsrud, C. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.056 · Cited by 18
A systematic review of the effects of laughter on blood pressure and heart rate variability
Oliveira, R., & Arriaga, P. (2022) · Humor - International Journal of Humor Research · doi:10.1515/humor-2021-0111 · Cited by 18
Fidan, C., & AĞIRBAŞ, İ. (2023) · Clinical and Experimental Nephrology · doi:10.1007/s10157-023-02377-3 · Cited by 17
O'Brien, E. C., & Laws, K. R. (2024) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.029 · Cited by 15
Dietrich, N., Estradé, A., & Cruzado, J. A. (2021) · Psicooncología · doi:10.5209/psic.77752 · Cited by 15
Rausa, E., Ferrari, D., Kelly, M. E., Aiolfi, A., Vitellaro, M., Rottoli, M., Bonitta, G., & Bona, D. (2023) · Langenbeck s Archives of Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00423-023-02774-y · Cited by 16
The associations and effects of mindfulness on anger and aggression: A meta-analytic review
O’Dean, S., Summerell, E., Harmon‐Jones, E., Creswell, J. D., & Denson, T. F. (2025) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102584 · Cited by 28
Nilvius, C., Carlsson, R., Fälth, L., & Nordström, T. (2021) · Cogent Education · doi:10.1080/2331186x.2021.1994105 · Cited by 25
Michael, H. U., Youbi, E., Ohadoma, S. C., Ramlall, S., Oosthuizen, F., & Polyakova, M. (2021) · Neuropsychology Review · doi:10.1007/s11065-021-09527-y · Cited by 15
Effectiveness of successful intelligence training program: A meta‐analysis
Saw, K. N. N., & Han, B. (2021) · PsyCh Journal · doi:10.1002/pchj.443 · Cited by 14
Third-wave interventions for eating disorders in adolescence – systematic review with meta-analysis
Buerger, A., Vloet, T. D., Haber, L., & Geissler, J. M. (2021) · Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation · doi:10.1186/s40479-021-00158-6 · Cited by 21
Neige, C., Massé-Alarie, H., & Mercier, C. (2018) · Journal of Neural Transplantation and Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2018/5846096 · Cited by 18
Singer, A., Wolf, M., Generoso, L., Arias, E., Delcastillo, K., Echevarria, E., Martinez, A., Androulakis Korakakis, P., Refalo, M. C., Swinton, P. A., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2024.1429789 · Cited by 14
Gnambs, T., & Schroeders, U. (2023) · Research Synthesis Methods · doi:10.1002/jrsm.1673 · Cited by 14
Bourke, M., Haddara, A., Loh, A., Saravanamuttoo, K., Bruijns, B. A., & Tucker, P. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-18907-x · Cited by 28
Bodner, E., Roth, L. M. K., Wiencke, K., Bischoff, C., & Schwarz, P. E. H. (2024) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/54324 · Cited by 15
Every effect size has its place: a commentary on the avoidance of pre–post effect sizes
Kösters, M. (2017) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s204579601700004x · Cited by 13
Gadd, N., McIntosh, A., Fear‐Keen, B., Hoult, J., Maimone, I. R., & Marshall, S. (2020) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-020-04860-2 · Cited by 13
van der Sluys, M.-E., Zijlmans, J., Ket, J. C. F., Marhe, R., Popma, A., Scherder, E., & van der Laan, P. H. (2022) · Journal of Experimental Criminology · doi:10.1007/s11292-022-09536-8 · Cited by 14
Generation of Aerosols by Noninvasive Respiratory Support Modalities
Zhang, M. X., Lilien, T. A., van Etten‐Jamaludin, F. S., Fraenkel, C., Bonn, D., Vlaar, A. P. J., Löndahl, J., Klompas, M., & Reinout, A. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37258 · Cited by 13
Effects of Static Meditation Practice on Blood Lipid Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Antonelli, M., Donelli, D., Gurgoglione, F. L., Lazzeroni, D., Hálasz, G., & Niccoli, G. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12060655 · Cited by 11
Stringaris, A. K., Burman, C., Delpech, R., Uher, R., Bhudia, D., Miliou, D., Rokas, I.-M., Kyriakopoulos, M., Foulkes, L., Moreno, C., et al. (2025) · BMJ Mental Health · doi:10.1136/bmjment-2024-301162 · Cited by 12
Jiang, S., Sun, Y., Yu, L., Hu, X., & Li, J. (2025) · International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2025.100576 · Cited by 12
van Reekum, E. A., Darcy, M., Drage, J., Xu, J., Ng, K., Forestell, B., Santesso, N. A., Joundi, R. A., Wong, J. A., Doumouras, A. G., et al. (2025) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.13968 · Cited by 12
Chen, C., Hsu, K.-L. C., Marghalani, A. A., Dhar, V. K., & Coll, J. A. (2019) · PubMed · Cited by 12
Girgis, B., & Duarte, J. A. (2019) · Physical Therapy Reviews · doi:10.1080/10833196.2019.1695355 · Cited by 12
González-Iglesias, M., Martínez‐Benito, A., López-Vidal, J. A., Melis-Romeu, A., Gómez-Rabadán, D. J., Reina‐Varona, Á., Di‐Bonaventura, S., Touche, R. L., & Fierro‐Marrero, J. (2025) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina61030401 · Cited by 15
Ramakrishnan, D. S., Farhat, L. C., Vattimo, E. F. D. Q., Levine, J. L. S., Johnson, J. A., Artukoglu, B. B., Landeros‐Weisenberger, A., Zangen, A., Pélissolo, A., Pereira, C. A. D. B., et al. (2024) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.03.044 · Cited by 16
Qiu, Y.-F., Hu, J., Wu, M., Liu, J., Li, C.-Y., Yu, Y.-Q., Zeng, L., Yang, F., & Zheng, L. (2024) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2024.10.014 · Cited by 14
Holm, T. F., Udsen, F. W., Giese, I. E., Færch, K., Jensen, M. H., von Scholten, B. J., & Hangaard, S. (2024) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/19322968241292646 · Cited by 14
Chen, F., Hu, Z., Li, Q., Zheng, X., Li, M., Salcher‐Konrad, M., Comas‐Herrera, A., Knapp, M. R. J., & Cheng, S. (2025) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.70054 · Cited by 12
Wang, B., Gould, R. L., Kumar, P., Pikett, L., Thompson, B., Gonzalez, S. C., & Bamiou, D.-E. (2022) · American Journal of Audiology · doi:10.1044/2022_aja-21-00162 · Cited by 10
Kanser Tanısı Olan Kişilerde Kabul ve Kararlılık Terapisi Uygulamaları: Sistematik Bir Derleme
Baş, S., & Dirik, G. (2019) · Psikoloji Çalışmaları / Studies in Psychology · doi:10.26650/sp2019-0025 · Cited by 10
Bertels, N., Seelen, H. A. M., Dembele, J., & Spooren, A. I. F. (2023) · Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.2340/jrm.v55.7147 · Cited by 10
Ren, F.-F., Chen, F., Zhou, W.-S., Tian, M.-Y., Li, R., Wang, D., Liang, W.-M., Yang, Y., & Chang, Y. (2025) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2025.105083 · Cited by 10
Mauland, E. K., & Neupane, S. P. (2025) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/jcpe.70022 · Cited by 12
Koechlin, H., Kharko, A., Probst, T., Pradela, J., Buechi, S., & Locher, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Pain Research · doi:10.3389/fpain.2021.750523 · Cited by 8
Sullivan, J. E., Choi, N. G., Vazquez, C. E., & Neaves, M. A. (2019) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/1049731518820134 · Cited by 10
Saliva as a tool for monitoring hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Rodrigues, R. P. C. B., Vieira, W. D. A., Siqueira, W. L., Agostini, B. A., Moffa, E. B., & Paranhos, L. R. (2020) · Brazilian Oral Research · doi:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0016 · Cited by 10
Lederle, M., & Bitzer, E. (2019) · German medical science : GMS e-journal · doi:10.3205/000269 · Cited by 9
Bürkle, J. J., Schmidt, S., & Fendel, J. C. (2025) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.102977 · Cited by 10
Vreijsen, E., Elsman, E. B. M., van Nispen, R. M. A., Nuijts, R. M. M. A., & van Rens, G. H. M. B. (2020) · Cornea · doi:10.1097/ico.0000000000002412 · Cited by 9
McAleavey, A. A. (2021) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/3kthg · Cited by 9
Karami, B., Koushki, R., Arabgol, F., Rahmani, M., & Vahabie, A. (2020) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/s2jvy · Cited by 11
Learning effectiveness of virtual technologies in chemistry using a three-level meta-analysis
Song, Q., Li, M., Zhang, Z., & Zhou, Q. W. (2025) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-025-13321-1 · Cited by 13
Wang, J., Tigelaar, D. E. H., Ye, T., & Admiraal, W. (2025) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1002/jcal.70168 · Cited by 8
Efficacy of letrozole for the treatment of tubal ectopic pregnancy: A meta-analysis
Laganà, A. S., Etrusco, A., Haydamous, J., Semaan, S., Agrifoglio, V., Chiantera, V., Vitagliano, A., Riemma, G., D’Amato, A., & Montagna, E. (2024) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.06.043 · Cited by 8
Dai, W., Palmer, R., Sunderrajan, A., Durantini, M. R., Sánchez, F., Glasman, L. R., Chen, F. X., & Albarracín, D. (2020) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000586 · Cited by 8
Wood, N. M., O’Shea, A. E., Num, S., Johnson, C., Sutherland, C. R., Edney, L. C., & Wade, T. D. (2023) · Clinical Psychologist · doi:10.1080/13284207.2023.2278792 · Cited by 7
Acute Effects of Resistance Exercise on Intraocular Pressure in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review
Hackett, D. A., Li, J., Wang, B., Way, K. L., Cross, T. J., & Tran, D. (2023) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000004668 · Cited by 7
Yuan, L., Ye, M., & Yang, T. (2022) · Advances in Skin & Wound Care · doi:10.1097/01.asw.0000855736.29047.b7 · Cited by 7
Lou, X., Ng, T. K., & Siu, O. L. (2023) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2023.2179934 · Cited by 8
Trkulja, V., & Barić, H. (2021) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-33-6044-0_20 · Cited by 7
Pourová, M., Řiháček, T., Boehnke, J. R., Simek, J., Saic, M., Kabát, J., & Petr, Š. (2023) · Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy · doi:10.1007/s10879-023-09597-4 · Cited by 7
STAIR and STAIR/NT as a Treatment for Posttraumatic Stress: A Systematic Review
Lorbeer, N., Knaevelsrud, C., & Niemeyer, H. (2023) · Verhaltenstherapie · doi:10.1159/000526592 · Cited by 6
Quang, D. T., Di, K. N., Cu, L. L., Hoa, H. N. T., Quynh, V. T., Ngoc, Q. P., & Thi, T. B. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0314685 · Cited by 5
Yao, Y., He, M., Chen, F., & Zhu, J. (2025) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2024_jslhr-24-00432 · Cited by 6
Yeh, W.-H., Ju, Y.-J., Shaw, F., & Liu, Y.-T. (2025) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s12984-025-01634-8 · Cited by 6
Ansah, K. O., Tsabedze, W. F., & Mapaling, C. (2025) · Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology · doi:10.1007/s11896-025-09757-3 · Cited by 14
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Body Dissatisfaction: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Boyle, S., Dorfan, N. M., & Sepehry, A. A. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.70021 · Cited by 6
Chen, A., Zhao, K., Ceban, F., Nabipoor, M., Englesakis, M. F., Chung, F. F., & Perlas, A. (2026) · Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d anesthésie · doi:10.1007/s12630-026-03114-6 · Cited by 8
Flynn, M. J., Abolhosseini, S., Gamboa, J., Campbell, T. S., & Carlson, L. E. (2023) · Journal of Psychosocial Oncology Research and Practice · doi:10.1097/or9.0000000000000094 · Cited by 8
Scholten, S., Herzog, P., Glombiewski, J. A., & Kaiser, T. (2024) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003363 · Cited by 9
Man, S. S., Wen, H., Chiu, K. T., Wang, F., & Chan, A. H. S. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12171775 · Cited by 11
Acupressure in psychotherapy as an unsinkable rubber duck: A reply to Feinstein (2023).
Boness, C. L., Pfund, R. A., & Tolin, D. F. (2024) · Journal of Psychotherapy Integration · doi:10.1037/int0000315 · Cited by 6
Foot-strike Hemolysis: A Scoping Review of Long-Distance Runners
Gartner, A., Dombrowski, N., Lowe, N., Behzadpour, V., & Zackula, R. (2024) · Kansas Journal of Medicine · doi:10.17161/kjm.vol17.22146 · Cited by 5
Tsang, A., Dahmash, D., Bjornstad, G., Rutter, N., Nisar, A., Horne, F., & Martin, F. (2024) · BMJ Mental Health · doi:10.1136/bmjment-2024-301218 · Cited by 5
Yeoh, S. A., Bowie, A., Windsor, T. D., Russell, H., Kumar, S., & Beatty, L. (2026) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.71368 · Cited by 7
Winten, C. G., Strodl, E. S., Kambanis, P. E., ROSS, L. J., & Thomas, J. J. (2026) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.70086 · Cited by 5
E-Learning in Suicide Prevention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Schmeckenbecher, J., Lentner, S., Emilian, C. A., Plener, P. L., Baran, A., & Kapusta, N. D. (2022) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481187.2023.2297058 · Cited by 6
de Barros, P. M. F., Farhat, L. C., Behling, E., Nasir, M., Landeros‐Weisenberger, A., & Bloch, M. H. (2024) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2024.10.011 · Cited by 5
Lorbeer, N., Knaevelsrud, C., & Niemeyer, H. (2022) · Verhaltenstherapie · doi:10.1159/000525756 · Cited by 5
Biscardi, M., Grossinger, Z., Colantonio, A., Bayley, M. T., & Mollayeva, T. (2024) · Brain Injury · doi:10.1080/02699052.2024.2320163 · Cited by 5
Román-Niaves, M. S., Vasquez, C., Coo, C., Nielsen, K. M., Llorens, S., & Salanova, M. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-05959-w · Cited by 8
Donnelly, D., Georgiadis, E. M., & Stavrou, N. A. M. (2023) · Acta bio-medica dell'Ateneo parmense/Acta biomedica · doi:10.23750/abm.v94i4.14305 · Cited by 9
Weng, J., Wu, X.-F., Shao, P., Liu, X.-P., & Wang, C. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3139868/v1 · Cited by 5
Schäpermeier, M. T., Jesussek, A., Kirchherr, J., Monninger, M., Feneberg, A. C., & Hechler, T. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100970 · Cited by 6
Training for Industry 5.0: Evaluating Effectiveness and Mapping Emerging Competences
Papacharalampopoulos, A., Karagianni, O. M., Fedeli, M., Lackner, P., Aleksandraviciene, G., Ippolito, M., Elorza, U., Schröder, A. J., & Stavropoulos, P. G. (2025) · Machines · doi:10.3390/machines13090825 · Cited by 8
Toutountzidis, D., Ricketts, E., & Laws, K. R. (2026) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291725103036 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Cuijpers, P., Weitz, E., Cristea, I. A., & Twisk, J.
- Affiliations
- Amsterdam Public Health (NL)
- Babeș-Bolyai University (RO)
- Corresponding author
- Cuijpers, P.
- Venue
- Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2016-10-28
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 364-368
- ISSN
- 2045-7960 (ISSN-L)
- 2045-7979
- PMC
- PMC6998624
- OpenAlex
- W2539720341
- Semantic Scholar
- a0bf02bc67c2e6ba75bcb6ba79dab587e691fc75
- Cited by
- 432
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 51 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 14.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (submittedVersion)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation
- Autoritatea Natională pentru Cercetare Stiintifică
- Unitatea Executiva pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior, a Cercetarii, Dezvoltarii si Inovarii
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
- Keywords
- standardized mean difference, effect size bias, individual patient data meta-analysis, cognitive behavioral therapy, antidepressants, depression treatment
- MeSH terms
- Antidepressive Agents, Depression, Humans, Reference Standards, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
