A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of cognitive-behavioral therapy for tinnitus distress
Abstract
Tinnitus is defined as a sound in the ear(s) and/or head without external origin and is a serious health concern for millions worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine whether Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) is effective in reducing distress associated with tinnitus. Randomized, controlled trials that assessed the efficacy of CBT for tinnitus-related distress in adults were identified by searching electronic databases (PsychINFO, PubMed, the Cochrane Library), and by manual searches. Fifteen studies (total of 1091 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. CBT compared with a passive and active control at post-assessment yielded statistically significant mean effect sizes for tinnitus-specific measures (Hedges's g=0.70, and Hedges's g=0.44, respectively). The average weighted pre-to-follow-up effect size for the CBT group suggested that these effects were maintained over time. Smaller but yet statistically significant effects of CBT were found for mood outcome measures. Characteristics of the studies were unrelated to effect sizes. Methodological rigor, publication bias, and a series of sensitivity analyses did not influence the findings. The results suggest that CBT is an effective treatment of tinnitus distress. However, caution is warranted given that few large-scale, well-controlled trials were identified.
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A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials reported that cognitive behavioral therapy significantly decreased tinnitus distress.
“Although a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported that CBT significantly decreased tinnitus distress (Hesser et al., 2011)”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Exploring Effects of Third-Wave Psychological Therapies on Hearing-Related Distress, Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in People With Audiological Problems. (2022) · cites this paper as Hesser et al., 2011
The second and third strongest bursts were Hesser et al. (2011) (strength: 11.37) and Hesser et al. (2012) (strength: 10.1).
“This is followed by “A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of cognitive-behavioral therapy for tinnitus distress” (strength: 11.37, publication year: 2011) and “A Randomized Controlled Trial of Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behaviour Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in the Treatment of Tinnitus” (strength: 10.1, publication year: 2012)”
From Research trends and hotspots of cognitive behavioral therapy for tinnitus: a bibliometric analysis (2025) · cites this paper as Hesser et al., 2011
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is regarded as the intervention with the most evidence for efficacy in reducing tinnitus distress and is strongly recommended in German guidelines for chronic tinnitus.
“Cognitive behavioral treatment approaches reproducibly help patients in managing chronic tinnitus.”
From Randomized controlled trial of a smartphone-based cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic tinnitus (2023) · cites this paper as [9]
A substantial number of patients continue to experience significant residual tinnitus distress after treatment.
“Nevertheless, there is room for improvement, as a substantial number of patients continue to experience significant residual tinnitus distress after treatment[16]”
From The influence of tinnitus acceptance on the quality of life and psychological distress in patients with chronic tinnitus (2015) · cites this paper as [16]
Clinical psychologist-delivered CBT is superior to other treatments and waiting list control conditions for improving tinnitus-related distress, depression, and quality of life.
“Research evidence consistently demonstrates a superiority of clinical psychologist-delivered CBT over other treatments and waiting list control conditions for improving tinnitus-related distress, depression, and quality of life (Martinez-Devesa et al. 2010; Hesser et al. 2011; Hoare et al. 2011).”
From Psychological Therapy for People with Tinnitus: A Scoping Review of Treatment Components. (2017) · cites this paper as Hesser et al. 2011
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“Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs), as well as systematic reviews, show clear evidence for CBT in terms of decreasing tinnitus handicap and annoyance and increasing quality of life (12,13).”
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“To date, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), has the most evidence of efficacy in reducing tinnitus distress.(8) Despite positive outcomes, there is limited accessibility to CBT for tinnitus, largely because of a shortage of suitably trained clinicians.”
Self-citationCognitive behaviour therapy for hyperacusis: A randomized controlled trial
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“These same reviews have, however, demonstrated that CBT is effective at improving one’s ability to cope with the annoyance and the emotional distress caused by tinnitus and is the reason this review has focused on tinnitus HRQOL, depression, and anxiety (6,15,16).”
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“Previous systematic reviews regarding CBT for tinnitus also reported small effect sizes that were marginally higher at g¼ 0.35 for mood measures when combining anxiety and depression measures (Hesser et al., 2011) and d¼ 0.37 for depression (Martinez-Devesa et al., 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationAazh, H., Landgrebe, M., Danesh, A. A., & Moore, B. C. (2019) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s179138 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Jasper, K., Weise, C., Conrad, I., Andersson, G., Hiller, W., & Kleinstäuber, M. (2014) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2014.04.002 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
“In the context of face-to-face therapy, most of the well-tested CBT programs for tinnitus are delivered in a group format (Hesser et al., 2011).”
BackgroundSelf-citationPettman, D., O’Mahen, H., Blomberg, O., Svanberg, A. S., von Essén, L., & Woodford, J. (2023) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-023-04547-9 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
“Consistent with previous meta-analyses [56, 81], the alpha level was set at ≤.”
ResultProbst, T., Pryss, R. C., Langguth, B., Rauschecker, J. P., Schobel, J., Reichert, M., Spiliopoulou, M., Schlee, W., & Zimmermann, J. (2017) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2017.00253 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
“Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has proven to have the potential to reduce the burden of tinnitus for the individual (Hesser et al., 2011) as well as the society/economy (Maes et al., 2014).”
BackgroundS3 Guideline: Chronic Tinnitus
Mazurek, B., Hesse, G., Sattel, H. C., Kratzsch, V., Lahmann, C., & Dobel, C. (2022) · HNO · doi:10.1007/s00106-022-01207-4 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Piccirillo, J. F., Rodebaugh, T. L., & Lenze, E. J. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0697 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Psychological Therapy for People with Tinnitus: A Scoping Review of Treatment Components.
Thompson, D. M., Hall, D. A., Walker, D.-M., & Hoare, D. J. (2017) · Ear & Hearing · doi:10.1097/aud.0000000000000363 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“Research evidence consistently demonstrates a superiority of clinical psychologist-delivered CBT over other treatments and waiting list control conditions for improving tinnitus-related distress, depression, and quality of life (MartinezDevesa et al. 2010; Hesser et al. 2011; Hoare et al. 2011).”
BackgroundLangguth, B. (2015) · Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery · doi:10.1097/moo.0000000000000185 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Molander, P., Hesser, H., Weineland, S., Bergwall, K., Buck, S., Jäder Malmlöf, J., Lantz, H., Lunner, T., & Andersson, G. (2018) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2017.1365929 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationHesser, H., Westin, V. Z., & Andersson, G. (2014) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-013-9525-6 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“Yet, despite demonstrated overall efficacy of CBT for tinnitus distress, a substantial number of people continue to experience significant residual distress after treatment (Hesser et al. 2011).”
BackgroundSelf-citationTinnitus services in the United Kingdom: a survey of patient experiences
McFerran, D., Hoare, D. J., Carr, S., Ray, J., & Stockdale, D. (2018) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-018-2914-3 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Tinnitus: Evidence and Efficacy
Jun, H. J., & Park, M. K. (2013) · Korean Journal of Audiology · doi:10.7874/kja.2013.17.3.101 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Chari, D. A., & Limb, C. J. (2018) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2018.06.014 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Reisinger, L., Schmidt, F., Benz, K. R., Vignali, L., Roesch, S., Kronbichler, M., & Weisz, N. (2023) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-023-02998-1 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“Even though there are interventions to treat tinnitus-related distress [5], there is currently no clinical intervention that reliably eliminates the experience of the phantom sound.”
BackgroundHall, D. A., Mohamad, N., Firkins, L., Fenton, M., & Stockdale, D. (2013) · Clinical Investigation · doi:10.4155/cli.12.129 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Psychoacoustic Assessment to Improve Tinnitus Diagnosis
Basile, C.-É., Fournier, P., Hutchins, S., & Hébert, S. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0082995 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy of Self-Help Interventions in Tinnitus
Nyenhuis, N., Golm, D., & Kröner‐Herwig, B. (2013) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2013.803496 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Aazh, H., & Moore, B. C. J. (2018) · American Journal of Audiology · doi:10.1044/2018_aja-17-0096 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Strumila, R., Lengvenytė, A., Vainutienė, V., & Lesinskas, E. (2017) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-017-9502-2 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“There are some promising studies demonstrating that decrease in depressive symptoms leads to corresponding decrease in tinnitus severity [64].”
BackgroundA confirmatory factor analytic validation of the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory
Kleinstäuber, M., Frank, I., & Weise, C. (2014) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.12.001 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“However there are also arguments for the generalizability of our findings: regarding demographic and tinnitus-related variables the current sample seems to be very similar to those included in a meta-analysis by Hesser and colleagues [86].”
ResultSelf-citationQuality and Readability of English-Language Internet Information for Tinnitus
Manchaiah, V. K. C., Dockens, A. L., Flagge, A. G., Bellon-Harn, M. L., Azios, J. H., Kelly-Campbell, R. J., & Andersson, G. (2017) · Journal of the American Academy of Audiology · doi:10.3766/jaaa.17070 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“Treatments using patient education, either through explaining how tinnitus arises or by helping individuals habituate to their tinnitus, has a stronger base of evidence to recommend them, in particularcognitivebehaviortherapy(Martinez-Devesa et al, 2010; Hesser et al, 2011).”
Self-citationDevelopment and technical functionality of an Internet-based intervention for tinnitus in the UK
Beukes, E. W., Vlaescu, G., Manchaiah, V. K. C., Baguley, D., Allen, P. M., Kaldo, V., & Andersson, G. (2016) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2016.08.002 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“Psychological treatments, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), are the treatment with the most evidence of effectiveness in reducing tinnitus distress (see Hesser et al., 2011 for a systematic review).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationSituationally influenced tinnitus coping strategies: a mixed methods approach
Beukes, E. W., Manchaiah, V. K. C., Andersson, G., Allen, P. M., Terlizzi, P. M., & Baguley, D. (2017) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2017.1362708 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“Although cognitive behavioural therapy has the most evidence of effectiveness for reducing tinnitus related distress [46] the use of these strategies was uncommon in this study.”
MethodSelf-citationManagement of Vascular Causes of Pulsatile Tinnitus
Narsinh, K., Hui, F., Duvvuri, M., Meisel, K., & Amans, M. (2022) · Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery · doi:10.1136/neurintsurg-2021-018015 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Cortical reorganization in recent-onset tinnitus patients by the Heidelberg Model of Music Therapy
Krick, C. M., Grapp, M., Daneshvar-Talebi, J., Reith, W., Plinkert, P. K., & Bolay, H. V. (2015) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00049 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“…Retraining Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Progressive Tinnitus Management, Biofeedback, Education, and Relaxation Therapies), partially resulting in persistent therapy success (Herraiz et al., 2007; Hesser et al., 2011; Folmer et al., 2014; Grewal et al., 2014; Myers et al., 2014).”
BackgroundPredictors for rTMS response in chronic tinnitus
Lehner, A., Schecklmann, M., Landgrebe, M., Kreuzer, P. M., Poeppl, T. B., Frank, E., Vielsmeier, V., Kleinjung, T., Rupprecht, R., & Langguth, B. (2012) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2012.00011 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Malinvaud, D., Londero, A., Niarra, R., Peignard, P., Warusfel, O., Viaud‐Delmon, I., Châtellier, G., & Bonfils, P. (2016) · Hearing Research · doi:10.1016/j.heares.2015.12.023 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Long-Term Efficacy of Audiologist-Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Tinnitus
Beukes, E. W., Allen, P. M., Baguley, D., Manchaiah, V. K. C., & Andersson, G. (2018) · American Journal of Audiology · doi:10.1044/2018_aja-imia3-18-0004 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationFarrand, P., & Woodford, J. (2015) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-015-9689-0 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Kaldo, V., Haak, T., Buhrman, M., Alfonsson, S., Larsen, H.-C., & Andersson, G. (2013) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2013.769622 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationMcKenna, L., Marks, E. M., & Vogt, F. (2018) · Ear & Hearing · doi:10.1097/aud.0000000000000491 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Niemann, U., Brueggemann, P., Boecking, B., Mebus, W., Rose, M., Spiliopoulou, M., & Mazurek, B. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73402-8 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
A review of auditory gain, low-level noise and sound therapy for tinnitus and hyperacusis
Sheppard, A., Stocking, C., Ralli, M., & Salvi, R. (2019) · International Journal of Audiology · doi:10.1080/14992027.2019.1660812 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“A meta-analysis of 15 studies exploring the effectiveness of CBT showed significant improvement in tinnitus distress (Hesser et al. 2011).”
BackgroundPsychophysiological treatment of chronic tinnitus: A review
Czornik, M., Malekshahi, A., Mahmoud, W. J., Wolpert, S., & Birbaumer, N. (2022) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2708 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Acceptance of tinnitus: Validation of the tinnitus acceptance questionnaire
Weise, C., Kleinstäuber, M., Hesser, H., Westin, V. Z., & Andersson, G. (2013) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2013.781670 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“In fact, the age mean in this study (M ¼ 51.9, SD ¼ 11.95) is similar to the age mean (M ¼ 52.3, SD ¼ 6.7) reported by the meta-analysis by Hesser et al. (2011).”
ResultInfluentialSelf-citationHandscomb, L., Hall, D. A., Shorter, G. W., & Hoare, D. J. (2016) · Ear and Hearing · doi:10.1097/aud.0000000000000365 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Rheker, J., Andersson, G., & Weise, C. (2015) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2015.03.007 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“The distress associated with tinnitus can be effectively targeted by cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT; Hesser et al., 2011; Martinez-Devesa et al., 2009; Weise et al., 2008).”
BackgroundSelf-citationLong-term effects of the "Heidelberg Model of Music Therapy" in patients with chronic tinnitus.
Argstatter, H., Grapp, M., Hutter, E., Plinkert, P. K., & Bolay, H. V. (2012) · PubMed Central · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Molecular Aspects of Melatonin Treatment in Tinnitus: A Review
Hosseinzadeh, A., Kamrava, S. K., Moore, B. C. J., Reiter, R. J., Ghaznavi, H., Kamali, M., & Mehrzadi, S. (2019) · Current Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/1389450120666190319162147 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Boecking, B., von Sass, J., Sieveking, A., Schaefer, C. J., Brüeggemann, P., Rose, M., & Mazurek, B. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0234807 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“These findings are in keeping with findings that have repeatedly highlighted the effectiveness of psychological treatments for relieving tinnitus- [13, 67, 68] and pain-related distress [69, 70, 71].”
ResultWeise, C., Hesser, H., Andersson, G., Nyenhuis, N., Zastrutzki, S., Kröner‐Herwig, B., & Jäger, B. (2013) · International Journal of Audiology · doi:10.3109/14992027.2012.752111 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“Participants were on average 49 years old which is common for tinnitus samples and similar to other studies (Hesser et al, 2011b).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationThe neuropsychiatry of tinnitus: a circuit-based approach to the causes and treatments available
Minen, M. T., Camprodon, J. A., Nehme, R., & Chemali, Z. N. (2014) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2013-307339 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Evidence and evidence gaps in tinnitus therapy
Hesse, G. (2016) · PubMed Central · doi:10.3205/cto000131 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“Ameta-analysis from Sweden [204] evaluated the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on the reduction of tinnitus severity.”
MethodBoecking, B., Brüeggemann, P., Kleinjung, T., & Mazurek, B. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.596037 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Cima, R. F. F. (2018) · HNO · doi:10.1007/s00106-018-0502-9 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“nificantly reduces tinnitus distress, decreases tinnitus suffering, and improves the quality and daily functioning of tinnitus patients [1, 3, 6, 17, 35, 37, 48].”
BackgroundArgstatter, H., Grapp, M., Hutter, E., Plinkert, P. K., & Bolay, H. V. (2014) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.08.012 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“A recent meta-analysis on a psychological treatment option [32], revealed mean effect sizes for tinnitus-specific measures of the cognitive behavioral therapy compared with a passive vs.”
MethodKnopke, S., Szczepek, A. J., Häußler, S. M., Gräbel, S., & Olze, H. (2017) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2017.00158 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Clinician-supported internet-delivered psychological treatment of tinnitus
Andersson, G. (2015) · American Journal of Audiology · doi:10.1044/2015_aja-14-0080 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationCima, R. F. F., van Breukelen, G., & Vlaeyen, J. W. S. (2017) · Hearing Research · doi:10.1016/j.heares.2017.10.003 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“…to re-appraisal or signi fi cantly reduces tinnitus-distress, and improves daily functioning and quality of life in tinnitus-patients (Andersson, 2002; Andersson and Lyttkens, 1999; Andersson et al., 2002; Cima et al., 2012; Hesser et al., 2011; Hoare et al., 2011; Martinez-Devesa et al., 2010).”
BackgroundCoexistence of anxiety sensitivity and psychiatric comorbidities in patients with chronic tinnitus
Gul, A. I., Aydın, R., Simsek, G. G., Saydam, L., & Özkırış, M. (2015) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s77786 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Manchaiah, V. K. C., Ratinaud, P., & Andersson, G. (2018) · Interactive Journal of Medical Research · doi:10.2196/ijmr.9065 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“Although there are various treatments and/or management strategies available for tinnitus sufferers, psychological interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy have the best evidence base for alleviating tinnitus distress [2].”
Self-citationPsychosocial Variables That Predict Chronic and Disabling Tinnitus: A Systematic Review
Kleinstäuber, M., & Weise, C. (2020) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2020_213 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationBeukes, E. W., Manchaiah, V., Baguley, D. M., Allen, P. M., & Andersson, G. (2018) · International Journal of Audiology · doi:10.1080/14992027.2017.1384858 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“The intervention with the most evidence at present for efficacy in reducing tinnitus distress is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT; Hesser et al. 2011; Grewal et al. 2014).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialTurton, L., Souza, P. E., Thibodeau, L. M., Hickson, L. M. H., Gifford, R. H., Bird, J., Stropahl, M., Gailey, L., Fulton, B., Scarinci, N., et al. (2020) · Seminars in Hearing · doi:10.1055/s-0040-1714744 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Tinnitus- related distress: evidence from fMRI of an emotional stroop task
Golm, D., Schmidt‐Samoa, C., Dechent, P., & Kröner‐Herwig, B. (2016) · BMC Ear Nose and Throat Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12901-016-0029-1 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Brain Metabolic Changes in Rats following Acoustic Trauma
He, J. B., Zhu, Y., Aa, J., Smith, P. F., Ridder, D. D., Wang, G., & Zheng, Y. (2017) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00148 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Manchaiah, V., Vlaescu, G., Varadaraj, S., Aronson, E., Fagelson, M. A., Muñoz, M., Andersson, G., & Beukes, E. (2020) · American Journal of Audiology · doi:10.1044/2020_aja-20-00002 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Comorbidity of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Tinnitus Sufferers: A Network Analysis
Chen, X., Ren, L., Xue, X., Yu, N., Liu, P., Shen, W., Zhou, H., Wang, B., Zhou, J., Yang, S., et al. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13040583 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“A large and credible randomized controlled trial [76] and meta-analysis [77] have indicated the beneficial effects of CBT on tinnitus-related distress.”
BackgroundAn update: emerging drugs for tinnitus
Cederroth, C. R., Dyhrfjeld‐Johnsen, J., & Langguth, B. (2018) · Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs · doi:10.1080/14728214.2018.1555240 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“[23], neuromodulation [24] and cognitive behavioral therapy [25] – have failed to show clear evidence for an unequivocal efficacy in reducing tinnitus loudness.”
BackgroundMoschen, R., Riedl, D., Rumpold, G., Schmidt, A., Zorowka, P., & Bliem, H. (2015) · Noise and Health · doi:10.4103/1463-1741.165068 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“[8] Nevertheless, there is room for improvement, as a substantial number of patients continue to experience significant residual tinnitus distress after treatment [16] that underscores the importance of new developments within established CBT interventions.”
Zhou, F.-W., Zhang, T., Jin, Y., Ma, Y., Xian, Z., Zeng, M., & Yu, G.-D. (2022) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.828299 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
A proposed association between subjective nonpulsatile tinnitus and migraine
Lee, A., Abouzari, M., Akbarpour, M., Risbud, A., Lin, H. W., & Djalilian, H. R. (2022) · World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · doi:10.1002/wjo2.81 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“A meta‐analysis found that the pooled odds ratios of clinically significant improvement post‐CBT treatment and 3‐month follow‐up in children and adolescents showed significant improvement with CBT compared to placebo only.(56) Similarly, one randomized controlled trial of internet‐based CBT for distress associated wit…”
MethodBeukes, E., Fagelson, M. A., Aronson, E., Muñoz, M., Andersson, G., & Manchaiah, V. (2020) · American Journal of Audiology · doi:10.1044/2019_aja-19-00014 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationAndersson, G., Hesser, H., Cima, R. F. F., & Weise, C. (2013) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2013.792101 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Hesser, H., Weise, C., Westin, V. Z., & Andersson, G.
- Affiliations
- Linköping University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Hesser, Hugo
- Venue
- Clinical Psychology Review
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-06
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 545-553
- ISSN
- 0272-7358 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2142709786
- Cited by
- 340
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 1.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › Noise Effects and Management
- Keywords
- tinnitus, cognitive behavioral therapy, tinnitus distress, treatment efficacy, psychological intervention, effect size, maintenance of treatment effects
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Humans, Stress, Psychological, Tinnitus, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome
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