Peer-provided Problem Management Plus (PM+) for adult Syrian refugees: a pilot randomised controlled trial on effectiveness and cost-effectiveness

de Graaff, A. M.; Cuijpers, P.; McDaid, D.; Park, A.; Woodward, A.; Bryant, R. A.; Fuhr, D. C.; Kieft, B.; Minkenberg, E.; Sijbrandij, M.

doi:10.1017/s2045796020000724

Cited by 109Migration, Health and TraumaMental Health Treatment and AccessMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum

Peer-provided Problem Management Plus (PM+) for adult Syrian refugees: a pilot randomised controlled trial on effectiveness and cost-effectiveness

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de Graaff, A. M., Cuijpers, P., McDaid, D., Park, A., Woodward, A., Bryant, R. A., Fuhr, D. C., Kieft, B. +2 more·2020·Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences

DOI 10.1017/s2045796020000724PMC PMC7443797

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Abstract

Aims: Common mental disorders are highly prevalent among Syrian refugees. Problem Management Plus (PM+) is a brief, transdiagnostic, non-specialist helper delivered, psychological intervention targeting psychological distress. This single-blind pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) on PM+ delivered by peer-refugees examined trial procedures in advance of a definitive RCT, evaluated PM+ 's acceptability and feasibility, and investigated its likely effectiveness and cost-effectiveness among Syrian refugees in the Netherlands. Methods: Adult Syrian refugees (N = 60) with elevated psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) score >15) and reduced pychosocial functioning (WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS) score >16) were randomised into PM+ in addition to care as usual (CAU) (PM+/CAU; n = 30) or CAU alone (n = 30). Primary outcomes were symptoms of depression and anxiety (Hopkins Symptom Checklist; HSCL-25) at 3-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes were pychosocial functioning (WHO Disability Assessment Schedule; WHODAS 2.0), symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (PTSD Checklist for DSM 5; PCL-5) and self-identified problems (Psychological Outcomes Profiles; PSYCHLOPS). Changes in service utilisation and time out of employment and/or adult education were estimated (adapted version of the Client Service Receipt Inventory; CSRI). Semi-structured interviews on the implementation of PM+ were conducted with stakeholders (i.e. six PM+ participants, five non-specialist helpers and five key informants). Results: Recruitment, randomization and blinding procedures were successful. PM+ was generally perceived positively by stakeholders, especially regarding the intervention strategies, accommodation of the intervention and the helpers. Two serious adverse events not attributable to the trial were reported. At 3-month follow-up, the HSCL-25 total score was significantly lower for the PM+/CAU group (n = 30) than CAU group (n = 30) (p = 0.004; d = 0.58). Significant differences in favour of PM+/CAU were also found for WHODAS psychosocial functioning (p = 0.009, d = 0.73), PCL-5 symptoms of PTSD (p = 0.006, d = 0.66) and PSYCHLOPS self-identified problems (p = 0.005, d = 0.81). There were no significant differences in mean health service costs (p = 0.191) and the mean costs of lost productive time (p = 0.141). This suggests PM+ may potentially be cost-effective with an incremental cost from a health system perspective of €5047 (95% CI €0–€19 773) per additional recovery achieved. Conclusions: Trial procedures and PM+ delivered by non-specialist peer-refugee helpers seemed acceptable, feasible and safe. Analyses indicate that PM+ may be effective in improving mental health outcomes and psychosocial functioning, and potentially cost-effective. These results support the development of a definitive RCT with a larger sample of refugees and a longer follow-up period.

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Prior research has indicated that participants commonly had difficulties finishing all 5 sessions of PM+ because of the lengthy sessions, which frequently interfered with finding or maintaining a job, performing domestic duties, or raising children [8-10].
“Prior research has indicated that participants commonly had difficulties finishing all 5 sessions of PM+ because of the lengthy sessions, which frequently interfered with finding or maintaining a job, performing domestic duties, or raising children [8-10].”
From A Digital Tool (Technology-Assisted Problem Management Plus) for Lay Health Workers to Address Common Mental Health Disorders: Co-production and Usability Study in Pakistan (2025) · cites this paper as [9]
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Problem Management Plus (PM+) has been shown to be effective and cost-effective in various countries globally.
“Problem Management Plus, a World Health Organization–endorsed brief psychological intervention for mental health disorders, has been shown to be effective and cost-effective in various countries globally”
From A Digital Tool (Technology-Assisted Problem Management Plus) for Lay Health Workers to Address Common Mental Health Disorders: Co-production and Usability Study in Pakistan (2025) · cites this paper as [9]
The Introduction reports improved outcomes in PM+ trials in Pakistan and Kenya. The Results report an exploratory cost-effectiveness analysis only for Syrian refugees in the Netherlands, and the Abstract Conclusions say PM+ may be effective and potentially cost-effective. The source therefore does not establish that PM+ has been shown to be cost-effective in various countries. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
PM+ faces implementation challenges, such as quality control in training, supervision, and delivery.
“but faces implementation challenges, such as quality control in training, supervision, and delivery.”
From A Digital Tool (Technology-Assisted Problem Management Plus) for Lay Health Workers to Address Common Mental Health Disorders: Co-production and Usability Study in Pakistan (2025) · cites this paper as [9]
The Results (Objective 1, protocol fidelity assessment; page unavailable) report 76.6% adherence to the PM+ protocol in independently checked recordings, supporting a concern about delivery quality. The Methods (Problem Management Plus; page unavailable) describe training and weekly supervision as procedures, but do not identify quality control in either as an implementation challenge. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Problem Management Plus has been found effective in reducing psychological distress in Syrian refugees in the Netherlands.
“In previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs), PM + has been found to be effective in reducing psychological distress in low-income settings [28, 29] and Syrian refugees in the Netherlands [30, 31].”
From Effectiveness of a scalable, remotely delivered stepped-care intervention to reduce symptoms of psychological distress among Polish migrant workers in the Netherlands: study protocol for the RESPOND randomised controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as [30]
The Results report lower anxiety and depression scores at three months for Syrian refugees in the Netherlands receiving PM+ plus care as usual than for those receiving care as usual alone. However, the Discussion says this pilot trial was not powered to detect differences, and the Conclusion calls PM+ “likely effective” pending a definitive RCT. The claim presents that preliminary finding as established effectiveness. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
PM+ is a low-intensity brief psychological and transdiagnostic intervention for common mental health disorders.
“PM+ is a low-intensity brief psychological and transdiagnostic intervention for common mental health disorders. It is an evidence-based intervention that can address various mental health issues and address the limitations posed by scarce specialized treatments in low-resource settings [8-14].”
From A Digital Tool (Technology-Assisted Problem Management Plus) for Lay Health Workers to Address Common Mental Health Disorders: Co-production and Usability Study in Pakistan (2025) · cites this paper as [9]

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Effectiveness of a peer-refugee delivered psychological intervention to reduce psychological distress among adult Syrian refugees in the Netherlands: study protocol
de Graaff, A. M., Cuijpers, P., Acarturk, C., Bryant, R., Burchert, S., Fuhr, D. C., Huizink, A. C., de Jong, J., Kieft, B., Knaevelsrud, C., et al. (2020) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2019.1694347 · Cited by 57 · cited 2× · see citing works
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MethodSelf-citation
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Charlson, F., Ali, S., Augustinavicius, J., Benmarhnia, T., Birch, S., Clayton, S., Fielding, K., Jones, L., Juma, D., Snider, L., et al. (2022) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106984 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Peer-provided psychological intervention for Syrian refugees: results of a randomised controlled trial on the effectiveness of Problem Management Plus
de Graaff, A. M., Cuijpers, P., Twisk, J. W. R., Kieft, B., Hunaidy, S., Elsawy, M., Gorgis, N., Bouman, T. K., Lommen, M. J. J., Acarturk, C., et al. (2023) · BMJ Mental Health · doi:10.1136/bmjment-2022-300637 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citation
Group problem management plus (PM+) to decrease psychological distress among Syrian refugees in Turkey: a pilot randomised controlled trial
Acarturk, C., Uygun, E., Ilkkursun, Z., Yurtbakan, T., Kurt, G., Adam-Troian, J., Senay, I., Bryant, R., Cuijpers, P., Kiselev, N., et al. (2022) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03645-w · Cited by 93 · see citing works
“The feasibility study demonstrated that the CSRI was well completed and should provide substantial information to inform cost-effectiveness analysis in a subsequent fully-powered trial.”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citation
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Refugees
Bryant, R. A., Nickerson, A., Morina, N., & Liddell, B. J. (2023) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080921-080359 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citation
Feasibility and acceptability of Problem Management Plus (PM+) among Syrian refugees and asylum seekers in Switzerland: a mixed-method pilot randomized controlled trial
Spaaij, J., Kiselev, N., Berger, C., Bryant, R. A., Cuijpers, P. J., de Graaff, A. M., Fuhr, D. C., Hemmo, M., McDaid, D., Moergeli, H., et al. (2022) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2021.2002027 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citation
Prevalence of common mental disorders in adult Syrian refugees resettled in high income Western countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Nguyen, T., Guajardo, M., Sahle, B. W., Renzaho, A., & Slewa-Younan, S. (2022) · Deakin Research Online (Deakin University) · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Prevalence of common mental disorders in adult Syrian refugees resettled in high income Western countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Nguyen, T. P., Guajardo, M. G. U., Sahle, B. W., Renzaho, A. M. N., & Slewa-Younan, S. (2022) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03664-7 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
A call for greater conceptual clarity in the field of mental health and psychosocial support in humanitarian settings
Miller, K. E., Jordans, M. J. D., Tol, W. A., & Galappatti, A. (2021) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796020001110 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
A brief transdiagnostic psychological intervention for Afghan asylum seekers and refugees in Austria: a randomized controlled trial
Knefel, M., Kantor, V., Weindl, D., Schieß-Jokanovic, J., Nicholson, A. A., Verginer, L., Schäfer, I., & Lueger‐Schuster, B. (2022) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2022.2068911 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Estimated prevalence rates and risk factors for common mental health problems among Syrian and Afghan refugees in Türkiye
Kurt, G., Ventevogel, P., Ekhtiari, M., İlkkurşun, Z., Erşahin, M., Akbiyik, N., & Acartürk, C. (2022) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2022.573 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Interventions for Children Affected by Armed Conflict in low-and middle-income Countries: A Systematic Review
Arega, N. T. (2023) · Child & Youth Care Forum · doi:10.1007/s10566-023-09741-0 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Feasibility and acceptability of Problem Management Plus with Emotional Processing (PM+EP) for refugee youth living in the Netherlands: study protocol
Alozkan Sever, C., Cuijpers, P., Mittendorfer-Rutz, E., Bryant, R. A., Dawson, K. S., Holmes, E. A., Mooren, T., Norredam, M. L., & Sijbrandij, M. (2021) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2021.1947003 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“CAPS-5 will be translated to Arabic and Tigrinya for this study.”
InfluentialSelf-citation
Stress, PTSD, and COVID-19: the Utility of Disaster Mental Health Interventions During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Watson, P. (2022) · Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s40501-021-00253-z · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“However, at least two randomized controlled trials with PM + and SOLAR have found promising results in reduction of PTSD symptoms, anxiety, depression, psychosocial functioning, and self-identified problems, and further controlled research is underway to gather more support [59, 60].”
Background
Cultural Adaptations, Efficacy, and Acceptability of Psychological Interventions for Mental Health in Adults with Refugees and Asylum-Seeker Status: A Systematic Review
McDermott, L., Hameed, I., & Lau‐Zhu, A. (2024) · Trauma Violence & Abuse · doi:10.1177/15248380241262262 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Overcoming barriers to mental health care: multimodal trauma-focused treatment approach for unaccompanied refugee minors
van Es, C. M., Sleijpen, M., Velu, M. E., Boelen, P. A., van Loon, R. E., Veldman, M., Kusmallah, N., Ekster, P. J. C., & Mooren, T. T. M. (2021) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-021-00404-3 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“Of course, you get depression in this situation”: Explanatory Models (EMs) among Afghan refugees in camps in Northern Greece
Lavdas, M., Guribye, E., & Sandal, G. M. (2023) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-023-04613-2 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“Introducing peer-led psychological treatments in such settings is continually proven effective in addressing treatment gap in depression and psychological distress even in high-income context [84].”
Background
Transdiagnostic psychosocial interventions to promote mental health in forcibly displaced persons: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Schäfer, S. K., Kunzler, A. M., Lindner, S., Broll, J., Stoll, M., Stoffers-Winterling, J. M., & Lieb, K. (2023) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008066.2023.2196762 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychosocial interventions for PTSD, depression, and anxiety in asylum seekers, refugees, and other migrant populations: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies
Turrini, G., Purgato, M., Cadorin, C., Bartucz, M. B., Cristofalo, D., Gastaldon, C., Nosè, M., Ostuzzi, G., Papola, D., Prina, E., et al. (2024) · The Lancet Regional Health - Europe · doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.101152 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citation
Scalable interventions for refugees
Bryant, R. A. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2022.59 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citation
Scalable psychological interventions for Syrian refugees in Europe and the Middle East: STRENGTHS study protocol for a prospective individual participant data meta-analysis
de Graaff, A. M., Cuijpers, P. J., Acartürk, C., Akhtar, A., Alkneme, M. S., Aoun, M., Awwad, M., Bawaneh, A., Brown, F. L., Bryant, R. A., et al. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058101 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citation
Scaling-up problem management plus for refugees in Switzerland - a qualitative study
Spaaij, J., Fuhr, D. C., Akhtar, A., Casanova, L., Klein, T., Schick, M., Weilenmann, S., Roberts, B., & Morina, N. (2023) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-023-09491-8 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“Additionally, the intervention is effective in reducing psychological distress and enhances psychological functioning compared to participants in control conditions [41, 42, 45, 46].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Piloting a Scalable, Post-Trauma Psychosocial Intervention in Tuvalu: The Skills for Life Adjustment and Resilience (SOLAR) Program
Gibson, K., Little, J., Cowlishaw, S., Ipitoa Toromon, T., Forbes, D., & O’Donnell, M. (2021) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2021.1948253 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Across settings, it has proven significantly (p < .05) more effective at reducing distress, reducing participant-identified difficulties, and improving psychosocial functioning, relative to usual or enhanced usual care (Bryant et al., 2017; de Graaff et al., 2020; Rahman et al., 2016).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
The effect of a low-level psychological intervention (PM+) on post-migration living difficulties – Results from two studies in Switzerland and in the Netherlands
Spaaij, J., de Graaff, A. M., Akhtar, A., Kiselev, N., McDaid, D., Moergeli, H., Pfaltz, M. C., Schick, M., Schnyder, U., Bryant, R. A., et al. (2023) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2023.152421 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citation
The stress of war. Recommendations for the protection of mental health and wellbeing for both Ukrainian refugees as well as Poles supporting them.
Zabłocka‐Żytka, L., & Lavdas, M. (2023) · Psychiatria Polska · doi:10.12740/pp/156157 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Psychological Interventions for PTSD, Depression, and Anxiety in Child, Adolescent and Adult Forced Migrants: A Systematic Review and Frequentist and Bayesian Meta‐Analyses
Molendijk, M. L., Baart, C., Schaffeld, J., Akçakaya, Z., Rönnau, C., Kooistra, M. J., de Kleine, R. A., Strater, C., & Mooshammer, L. (2024) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.3042 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-efficacy and locus of control as transdiagnostic factors in Middle Eastern refugees
Schlechter, P., Hellmann, J. H., & Nexhmedin Morina, B. (2023) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008066.2023.2180707 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Improving mental health following multiple disasters in Australia: a randomized controlled trial of the Skills for Life Adjustment and Resilience (SOLAR) programme
Cowlishaw, S., Gibson, K., Alexander, S., Howard, A., Agathos, J. A., Strauven, S., Chisholm, K., Fredrickson, J., Pham, T. T. L., Lau, W., et al. (2023) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008066.2023.2284032 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Residual posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms after provision of brief behavioral intervention in low‐ and middle‐income countries: An individual‐patient data meta‐analysis
Akhtar, A., Koyiet, P. N., Rahman, A., Schafer, A., Hamdani, S. U., Cuijpers, P. J., Sijbrandij, M., & Bryant, R. A. (2021) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.23221 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“These future developments are important as PM+ is being successfully adapted to augment treatment in specialist mental health care facilities (Hamdani et al., 2021) and also in high‐income countries with advanced health resources (de Graaff et al., 2020).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
A mixed methods systematic review of mental health self-care strategies for Arabic-speaking refugees and migrants
Mehjabeen, D., Blignault, I., Taha, P. H., Reavley, N. J., & Slewa‐Younan, S. (2023) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-023-17395-9 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“…with culturally and linguistically appropriate program content, led by non-specialist instructors with similar culture or refugee background, same language, and gender as the participants, in safe gender-segregated groups [57, 58, 72, 75–78, 82, 83, 85–87, 93, 95, 97–101, 103, 104, 107, 108].”
Background
Empowerment group therapy for refugees with affective disorders: results of a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Wiechers, M., Strupf, M., Bajbouj, M., Böge, K., Karnouk, C., Goerigk, S. A., Kamp‐Becker, I., Banaschewski, T., Rapp, M. A., Hasan, A., et al. (2023) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2431 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“The results are comparable to the mean effect sizes of a peer-provided problem management group intervention (PM+) for refugees with depressive and stress-related symptoms [28].”
Result
The effectiveness of Problem Management Plus at 1-year follow-up for Syrian refugees in a high-income setting
de Graaff, A. M., Cuijpers, P. J., Elsawy, M., Hunaidy, S., Kieft, B., Gorgis, N., Twisk, J. W. R., Zakarian, Y., Bouman, T. K., Lommen, M. J. J., et al. (2024) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796024000519 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“AssessmentsincludedArabic-language questionnairesondemographics,clinicaloutcomes,dailyfunc-tioning,stressfuleventsandhealthserviceutilisation(deGraaff et al. , 2020a).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citation
Evaluation of a Guided Chatbot Intervention for Young People in Jordan: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial
de Graaff, A. M., Habashneh, R., Fanatseh, S., Keyan, D., Akhtar, A., Abualhaija, A., Faroun, M., Aqel, I. S., Dardas, L. A., Servili, C., et al. (2024) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/63515 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“The number of key informants per group was predefined in the study protocol based on comparable studies (eg, [41,42]) and feasibility given the low number of participants and staff in this study.”
Self-citation
What is the volume, diversity and nature of recent, robust evidence for the use of peer support in health and social care? An evidence and gap map
Price, A., de Bell, S., Shaw, N., Bethel, A. C., Anderson, R., & Coon, J. T. (2022) · Campbell Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/cl2.1264 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Brief CBT-based psychological interventions to improve mental health outcomes in refugee populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Daniel, N., Liu, X., Thomas, E. T., Eraneva-Dibb, E., Ahmad, A.-M., & Heneghan, C. J. (2024) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008066.2024.2389702 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“However, the four RCTs [De Graaff et al., 2020; Spaaij et al., 2022; Knefel et al., 2022; Acarturk et al., 2022] using PM + showed a significant effect on PTSD (SMD − 0.34, 95% CI − 0.50 to − 0.17, I 2 = 0”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Scalability of a task-sharing psychological intervention for refugees: A qualitative study in the Netherlands
Woodward, A., de Graaff, A. M., Dieleman, M. A., Roberts, B., Fuhr, D. C., Broerse, J. E. W., Sijbrandij, M., Cuijpers, P. J., Ventevogel, P., Gerretsen, B., et al. (2022) · SSM - Mental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmmh.2022.100171 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citation
An Open Trial of Skills for Psychological Recovery for Sudden Loss Survivors
Williams, J. L., Hardt, M. M., Henschel, A. V., Jamison, J. R., Brymer, M. J., & Rheingold, A. A. (2022) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2022.06.003 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
A System Innovation Perspective on the Potential for Scaling Up New Psychological Interventions for Refugees
Woodward, A., Dieleman, M. A., Sondorp, E., Roberts, B., Fuhr, D. C., Ventevogel, P., Sijbrandij, M., & Broerse, J. E. W. (2021) · Intervention · doi:10.4103/intv.intv_29_20 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citation
“It Is Definitely a Good Program for Everyone from Every Community”: A Qualitative Study of Community Partner Perspectives on the Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) Mindfulness Program
Blignault, I., Saab, H., Youssef, H. A. M., Baddah, H., Giourgas, K., & Woodland, L. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20166608 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
At Risk of Deprivation
Bergmann, J. (2023) · Studien zur Migrations- und Integrationspolitik · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-42298-1 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The modern role of paraprofessionals in delivering brief psychological interventions
Morrison, N. R., Chang, M., Xie, A., & Kim, Y.-S. (2024) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/capr.12854 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Making an economic argument for investment in global mental health: The case of conflict-affected refugees and displaced people
McDaid, D., & Park, A. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.1 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“The sensitivity of the EQ-5D to some mental health conditions has been questioned, and an alternative instrument specifically designed to capture quality of life in economic analyses in people living with mental health conditions, the Recovering Quality of Life (ReQoL) measure has recently been developed (Keetharuth e…”
MethodSelf-citation
A Digital Tool (Technology-Assisted Problem Management Plus) for Lay Health Workers to Address Common Mental Health Disorders: Co-production and Usability Study in Pakistan
Saleem, M., Zafar, S., Klein, T., Koesters, M., Bashir, A., Fuhr, D. C., Sikander, S., & Zeeb, H. (2025) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/59414 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citation
The effectiveness of Problem Management Plus (PM+) in treating psychological distress, depression, and anxiety: a meta-analysis approach
Cai, P., Ramadan, M., Mei, C., & Hadfield, K. (2025) · Advances in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/18387357.2025.2522435 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Feasibility and acceptability of the Problem Management for Moms programme for improving maternal mental health in Zambia: an open-label trial
Fink, G., Melero‐Dominguez, M., Chembe, M., de Vernisy-Romero, D., Tembo, T., Bilima-Mulenga, T., Paul, R., Alegria, M. M., Parkerson, D., Rockers, P. C., et al. (2024) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(24)00256-6 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
A qualitative evaluation of the use of Problem Management Plus (PM+) among Arabic-speaking migrants with psychological distress in France – The APEX study
Surkan, P. J., Rayes, D., Bertuzzi, L. D., Figueiredo, N., Melchior, M., & Tortelli, A. (2024) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008066.2024.2325243 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“…of PM + in the Netherlands, helpers noted that participants felt more con ﬁ dent about PM + after applying a learned strategy for the ﬁ rst time (de Graa ﬀ et al., 2020) – likewise, we found migrants reported more con ﬁ dence and ease using the breathing techniques after more experience…”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Effectiveness of a scalable, remotely delivered stepped-care intervention to reduce symptoms of psychological distress among Polish migrant workers in the Netherlands: study protocol for the RESPOND randomised controlled trial
Roos, R., Witteveen, A. B., Ayuso-Mateos, J. L., Barbui, C., Bryant, R. A., Felez-Nobrega, M., Figueiredo, N., Kalisch, R., Haro, J. M., McDaid, D., et al. (2023) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-023-05288-5 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“In previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs), PM + has been found to be effective in reducing psychological distress in low-income settings [28, 29] and Syrian refugees in the Netherlands [30, 31].”
Self-citation
Assessing the efficacy of the problem management plus (PM+) in improving the mental health of conflict-exposed individuals
Luzano, J. G. C., & Mordeno, I. G. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-023-05326-1 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“…that the PM + group’s symptoms decreased significantly lower than the control group after participating in the intervention. the effectiveness of PM + in reducing mental health concerns of individuals experiencing adversity (e.g., Bryant et al., 2017 ; de Graaff et al., 2020; Dawson et al., 2016).”
Self-perceived problems of Afghan asylum seekers and refugees and their experiences with a short psychological intervention
Kantor, V., Weindl, D., Schieß-Jokanovic, J., Verginer, L., Lueger‐Schuster, B., & Knefel, M. (2023) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-023-17076-7 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Furthermore, it would be advisable to investigate the effectiveness of a planned booster session some weeks/ months after completion of the training [50, 66].”
BackgroundResult
A positive psychology intervention to enhance mental well-being of Syrian refugees in the Netherlands
Muller‐Dugic, J., Beckers, P., & Braakman, M. H. (2024) · International Journal of Migration Health and Social Care · doi:10.1108/ijmhsc-07-2022-0074 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Protocol for a Randomized Hybrid Type 2 Trial on the Implementation of Group Problem Management Plus (PM+) for Venezuelan Women Refugees and Migrants in Colombia
Sangraula, M., Greene, M. C., Castellar, D., Hoz, J. C. F. D., Diaz, J., Meriño, V., Miller-Suchet, L., Cristobal, M., Coneo, A. M. C., Morales, L., et al. (2023) · Intervention · doi:10.4103/intv.intv_4_23 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
A Complex Intervention for Alcohol Misuse Among Conflict-Affected Populations in Uganda and Ukraine: Study Protocol for the Qualitative Components in the CHANGE Trial
Massazza, A., Fuhr, D. C., Bogdanov, S., Tol, W. A., Roberts, B., Nadkarni, A., Akudrabo, G., Andersen, L. S., Dumchev, K. V., Karachevskyy, A., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Qualitative Methods · doi:10.1177/16094069211063031 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“…stage, some studies used interviews and focus groups with different stakeholders to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and other implementation outcomes of PM+ in Nepal (Sangraula et al., 2020), Pakistan (Khan et al., 2019), and the Netherlands (de Graaff et al., 2020) at the pilot RCT stage.”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Optimising and personalising task-shared psychosocial interventions for common mental disorders: a Bayesian component network meta-analysis of individual participant data
Papola, D., Tedeschi, F., Efthimiou, O., Harrer, M., Ramia, J. A., Acartürk, C., Akhtar, A., Alkneme, M. S., Bryant, R. A., Burchert, S., et al. (2026) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(26)00193-8 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citation
Reimagining communities of care in the performing arts: A call for a community-based task-sharing approach to address the mental health needs of performing artists
Cid‐Vega, A., & Brown, A. D. (2023) · SSM - Mental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmmh.2023.100222 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The Problem Management Plus psychosocial intervention for distressed and functionally impaired asylum seekers and refugees: the PROSPER feasibility RCT
Dowrick, C. F., Rosala‐Hallas, A., Rawlinson, R., Khan, N., Winrow, E., Chiumento, A., Burnside, G., Aslam, R. W., Billows, L., Eriksson-Lee, M., et al. (2022) · Public Health Research · doi:10.3310/nzxa0081 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Reducing psychological distress and depression in humanitarian emergencies: An essential role for nonspecialists
Naslund, J. A., & Karyotaki, E. (2021) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003625 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“Jordans and colleagues’ study contributes compelling evidence on the effectiveness of a nonspecialist-delivered psychological intervention in a humanitarian setting, adding to prior research on the PM+ program in Pakistan [16] and Kenya [17], as well as studies of similar brief psychological interventions in refugees…”
Result
Shared sorrow, shared costs: cost-effectiveness analysis of the Empowerment group therapy approach to treat affective disorders in refugee populations
Strupf, M., Hoell, A., Bajbouj, M., Böge, K., Wiechers, M., Karnouk, C., Kamp‐Becker, I., Banaschewski, T., Meyer‐Lindenberg, A., Rapp, M. A., et al. (2023) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2023.504 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“16,39,40 On the one hand, the primary analysis of the MEHIRA trial showed superior indicators of cost-effectiveness, concerning PHQ-9 and QALYs, for the intervention over the TAU condition.”
BackgroundResultInfluential
A scoping review of psychosocial interventions delivered by non–mental health workers following disaster events
Varker, T., Fredrickson, J., Agathos, J. A., Howlett, P., Howard, A., & O'Donnell, M. L. (2025) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.23127 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Testing the feasibility, acceptability, and exploring trends on efficacy of the problem management plus for moms: Protocol of a pilot randomized control trial
Falgas‐Bagué, I., Melero‐Dominguez, M., de Vernisy-Romero, D., Tembo, T., Chembe, M., Lubozha, T., Paul, R., Parkerson, D., Rockers, P. C., Sikazwe, D., et al. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0287269 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“Evidence suggests that culturally adapted psychosocial programs, delivered by trained para-professionals or community health workers, can effectively reduce CMHD burden [14, 15].”
Background
Beyond effectiveness in eHealth trials: Process evaluation of a stepped-care programme to support healthcare workers with psychological distress (RESPOND-HCWs)
Mediavilla, R., García-Vázquez, B., McGreevy, K. R., Underhill, J., Bayón, C., Bravo‐Ortiz, M. F., Muñoz‐Sanjosé, A., Haro, J. M., Monistrol-Mula, A., Nicaise, P., et al. (2024) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076241287678 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“45,46 Fidelity assessments are often overlooked in eHealth implementation studies of psychological interventions 47 notwithstanding their implications for research.”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Forced displacement, mental health, and child development: Evidence from Rohingya refugees
Islam, A., Mozumder, T. A., Rahman, T., Shatil, T., & Siddique, A. B. (2024) · doi:10.1920/wp/ifs.2024.1924 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Factors associated with mental health outcomes among peer refugee helpers in Greece: Results from a cross-sectional study
Lavdas, M., Sandal, G. M., & Bøe, T. (2024) · SSM - Mental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100365 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“It was really helpful for me, and at the same time it was really tough”: a qualitative study among Afghan peer refugee helpers in Greece
Lavdas, M., Sandal, G. M., & Bendixsen, S. K. N. (2024) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-024-06255-4 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“This paper focuses on a group of aid workers that has received limited attention in international research: individuals with refugee backgrounds involved in humanitarian care, referred to as Peer Refugee Helpers (PRHs) [17].”
Are peer-to-peer psychological interventions effective for refugees’ mental health and wellbeing? A systematic review
Burkinshaw, M., & Wilcockson, M. (2025) · International Journal of Migration Health and Social Care · doi:10.1108/ijmhsc-03-2024-0031 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A Literature Review on the Role of Paraprofessionals in Delivering Brief Psychological Interventions
Lubin, E. J., Xie, A., Chang, M., & Kim, Y.-S. (2025) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-025-01482-7 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“…other studies, parapro-fessionals were selected from volunteers or workers already affiliated with the organization conducting the intervention (Barnes et al., 2018; Bizouerne et al., 2023 ; De Graaff et al., 2020; McCart et al., 2020; Raue et al., 2022; Sangraula et al., 2020; Somer et al., 2005).”
Peer‐provided problem management plus (PM+) and case management for Arabic‐speaking and Farsi‐speaking refugees and asylum seekers in Greece
Papathanasiou, C., & Kougioumtzi, A. (2024) · Mental Health Science · doi:10.1002/mhs2.86 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“…in low ‐ and middle ‐ income countries (Bryant et al., 2017; Dawson et al., 2016; Hamdani et al., 2020; Rahman et al., 2016; Sijbrandij et al., 2015; Smith et al., 2021; Zhang et al., 2020) but also in high ‐ income countries (de Graaff et al., 2020, 2023; Sever et al., 2021; Spaaij et al., 2022).”
Η παρέμβαση Problem Management Plus (PM+) στο πλαίσιο της ψυχοκοινωνικής υποστήριξης προσφύγων: Ερευνητικά δεδομένα και εφαρμογές
Papathanasiou, C., Pantelidou, S., Belekou, P., Μενεδιάτου, Α., Μάντζαρη, Α., & Stylianidis, S. (2024) · Psychology the Journal of the Hellenic Psychological Society · doi:10.12681/psy_hps.31517 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Successes and Challenges in Implementing Stepped Care for Mental Health in Jordan: A Qualitative Process Evaluation
Dardas, L. A., Habashneh, R., Keyan, D., Ali, A., Saleh, R., Aqel, I. S., Abualhaija, A., & Bryant, R. A. (2025) · Nursing and Health Sciences · doi:10.1111/nhs.70054 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citation
Patient perspectives on group problem management plus for adults with major depressive disorder in rural Malawi
Mwale, O., Kasambara, K., Houde, A., Mpinga, K., Kayira, W., Harawa, M., Kamwiyo, M., Isaacs, R., Nhlema, B., Ruderman, T., et al. (2025) · Global Health Action · doi:10.1080/16549716.2025.2500785 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Similarly, a study done in the Netherlands found that PM+ was generally received positively by stakeholders involved in a clinical trial for adult Syrian refugees [37].”
Opportunities for the Use of Brief Scalable Psychological Interventions to Support Mental Health and Wellbeing in the Context of the Climate Crisis
Massazza, A., Eaton, J., Elshazly, M., Charlson, F., & Augustinavicius, J. (2022) · Intervention · doi:10.4103/intv.intv_30_21 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Improving Attitudes Toward Psychotherapy in Residents and Syrian Refugees in Germany: An Interview Vignette Intervention Study
Schlechter, P., Hellmann, J. H., Kamp, S., Echterhoff, G., Wanninger, K., Wagner, U., & Knausenberger, J. (2023) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/00220221231171060 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Although the mental health needs of refugees and culturally sensitive therapy approaches are widely known (de Graaff et al., 2020, 2022), a lack of interpreters, limited therapy places, and bureaucracy pose severe barriers to mental health treatment of refugees in Germany (Böttche et al., 2016;…”
Background
Efficacy of a peer-delivered group psychological intervention to reduce psychological distress among university students in India: a randomised controlled trial using an active control condition
Keyan, D., Dawson, K. S., Yadav, S., Azevedo, S., Choi‐Christou, J., Maliakkal, D. J., Pillai, M. K., Chokhani, R., Thomas, E., George, T. S., et al. (2025) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008066.2025.2503603 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“The gPM+ programme has been assessed with refugee and conflict-affected communities (de Graaff et al., 2020), in the aftermath of natural disasters (Jordans et al., 2021; Sangraula et al., 2020), and during health stressors such as the COVID-19 pandemic (Bryant et al., 2022b).”
Self-citation
Determinants of WHO’s Problem Management Plus (PM+) uptake within health and integration sectors in Switzerland: a qualitative study
Keyan, D., Spaaij, J., Schick, M., Bryant, R. A., & Morina, N. (2026) · BMJ Public Health · doi:10.1136/bmjph-2025-004226 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
Non-specialist delivered psychosocial care after war and interpersonal violence: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Patel, A., Ramirez, G., Fernandes, L., Bariya-Sousa, A., McGuinness, E., Taha, S., Biswal, B., Awasthi, A., Wilson, D., Dixon, K. E., et al. (2026) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(26)00123-9 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Research Progress and Application of PM+ Technology in Perinatal Women’s Mental Health
余, 慧. (2023) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2023.133140 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Implementing a stabilizing intervention for traumatized refugees in temporary accommodations in South-West Germany - a randomized controlled pilot trial
Rzepka, I., Zehetmair, C., Nagy, E., Friederich, H., & Nikendei, C. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1453957 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“This aspect has been included for example in a major WHO project, evaluating a transdiagnostic approach “ Problem Management Plus ” , which targets general stress management and problem-solving strategies and behavioural activation (63 – 65).”
Transdiagnostic Psychosocial Interventions to Promote Mental Health in Forcibly Displaced Persons: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisPreprint
Schäfer, S. K., Kunzler, A. M., Lindner, S., Broll, J., Stoll, M., Stoffers-Winterling, J. M., & Lieb, K. (2022) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/mcru5 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Brief psychological interventions to improve mental health outcomes in refugee populations: A systematic reviewPreprint
Daniel, N., Liu, X., Thomas, E. T., Eraneva-Dibb, E., Ahmad, A.-M., & Heneghan, C. J. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.03.08.24303974 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mental Health and Social Support Interventions
Emmelkamp, P. M. G. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-34078-9_6
Trauma-Focused Interventions for Children and Adolescents in Migration Contexts
Dobler, V., Derluyn, I., Draper, A., Marcellino, E., & Pfeiffer, E. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-77215-3_20
Acceptability and feasibility of Problem Management Plus to address mental health problems among remand prisoners in the Netherlands: a pilot randomised controlled trial protocol
van Oudenaren, M. J. F., Witteveen, A. B., Dirkzwager, A., & Sijbrandij, M. (2025) · Health & Justice · doi:10.1186/s40352-025-00341-9
“For instance, a pilot study of PM + with Syrian refugees in the Netherlands showed promising effects, both in the pilot and in the subsequent full-powered RCT (de Graaff et al., 2020, 2023).”
Self-citation
Boikoetliso Ba Boko (‘exercising the mind’): protocol for a mixed methods feasibility and acceptability study of a prototype mental health intervention for adolescents and young people with anxiety and depression
Hart, C., Desai, R., Stuart, L., & Norris, S. A. (2025) · Frontiers in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/frcha.2025.1569135
Embedding the WHO’s Problem Management Plus (PM+) within Health and Integration Sectors in SwitzerlandPreprint
Keyan, D., Spaaij, J., Schick, M., Bryant, R. A., & Morina, N. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.08.19.25334041
Self-citation
An Explanatory Framework for Understanding Mental Health Needs of Afghan Refugees Resettled in the Global North
Dieste, S., Naseri, F., Dykema, J., Merrell, C., Laywell, A., Kargar, H., & Stewart, S. M. (2025) · International Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1002/ijop.70117
Study Protocol of a feasibility and acceptability trial of Problem Management Plus with Emotional Processing (PM+EP) for forcibly displaced youth living in Sweden
Mattelin, E., Alözkan, C., Shahnavaz, S., Sijbrandij, M., Mittendorfer‐Rutz, E., & Akhtar, A. (2025) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2025-104845 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
Provider perceptions and experiences integrating depression treatment into chronic healthcare services in Neno District, Malawi: a qualitative study
Kamwiyo, M., Mwale, O., Mpinga, K., Kayira, W., Johnson, I., Ruderman, T., Matanje, B., Kasambara, K., Houde, A., Isaacs, R., et al. (2025) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-025-13830-2
“This qualitative testimony is corroborated by a study by Graaff and colleagues (2020), which found that PM + delivered by non-specialist peer refugee helpers was deemed acceptable, feasible, and safe [33].”
Additional file 2 of Effectiveness of a scalable, remotely delivered stepped-care intervention to reduce symptoms of psychological distress among Polish migrant workers in the Netherlands: study protocol for the RESPOND randomised controlled trial
Roos, R., Witteveen, A. B., Ayuso-Mateos, J. L., Barbui, C., Bryant, R. A., Félez-Nóbrega, M., Figueiredo, N., Kalisch, R., Haro, J. M., McDaid, D., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24494502
Self-citation
Additional file 7 of Self-perceived problems of Afghan asylum seekers and refugees and their experiences with a short psychological intervention
Kantor, V., Weindl, D., Schieß-Jokanovic, J., Verginer, L., Lueger‐Schuster, B., & Knefel, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26635650
Additional file 1 of Self-perceived problems of Afghan asylum seekers and refugees and their experiences with a short psychological intervention
Kantor, V., Weindl, D., Schieß-Jokanovic, J., Verginer, L., Lueger‐Schuster, B., & Knefel, M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24499416
Additional file 1 of Prevalence of common mental disorders in adult Syrian refugees resettled in high income Western countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Nguyen, T. P., Guajardo, M. G. U., Sahle, B. W., Renzaho, A. M. N., & Slewa‐Younan, S. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.17913219
Additional file 5 of Self-perceived problems of Afghan asylum seekers and refugees and their experiences with a short psychological intervention
Kantor, V., Weindl, D., Schieß-Jokanovic, J., Verginer, L., Lueger‐Schuster, B., & Knefel, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26635644
Additional file 1 of “Of course, you get depression in this situation”: Explanatory Models (EMs) among Afghan refugees in camps in Northern Greece
Lavdas, M., Guribye, E., & Sandal, G. M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22609762
Additional file 1 of Effectiveness of a scalable, remotely delivered stepped-care intervention to reduce symptoms of psychological distress among Polish migrant workers in the Netherlands: study protocol for the RESPOND randomised controlled trial
Roos, R., Witteveen, A. B., Ayuso-Mateos, J. L., Barbui, C., Bryant, R. A., Félez-Nóbrega, M., Figueiredo, N., Kalisch, R., Haro, J. M., McDaid, D., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24494112
Self-citation
Additional file 2 of Self-perceived problems of Afghan asylum seekers and refugees and their experiences with a short psychological intervention
Kantor, V., Weindl, D., Schieß-Jokanovic, J., Verginer, L., Lueger‐Schuster, B., & Knefel, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24499476
Additional file 3 of Self-perceived problems of Afghan asylum seekers and refugees and their experiences with a short psychological intervention
Kantor, V., Weindl, D., Schieß-Jokanovic, J., Verginer, L., Lueger‐Schuster, B., & Knefel, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26635638
Additional file 4 of Self-perceived problems of Afghan asylum seekers and refugees and their experiences with a short psychological intervention
Kantor, V., Weindl, D., Schieß-Jokanovic, J., Verginer, L., Lueger‐Schuster, B., & Knefel, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26635641
Additional file 6 of Self-perceived problems of Afghan asylum seekers and refugees and their experiences with a short psychological intervention
Kantor, V., Weindl, D., Schieß-Jokanovic, J., Verginer, L., Lueger‐Schuster, B., & Knefel, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26635647
Additional file 2 of Scaling-up problem management plus for refugees in Switzerland - a qualitative study
Spaaij, J., Fuhr, D. C., Akhtar, A., Casanova, L., Klein, T., Schick, M., Weilenmann, S., Roberts, B., & Morina, N. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22826932
Self-citation
Additional file 1 of Scaling-up problem management plus for refugees in Switzerland - a qualitative study
Spaaij, J., Fuhr, D. C., Akhtar, A., Casanova, L., Klein, T., Schick, M., Weilenmann, S., Roberts, B., & Morina, N. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22826929
Self-citation

Scalable psychological interventions for Syrian refugees: Preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial on the peer-refugee delivered Problem Management Plus (PM+) intervention in the Netherlands
Graaff, A. D., Sijbrandij, M., & Cuijpers, P. J. (2022) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1632 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citation
Effectiveness of a peer-refugee delivered psychological intervention to reduce psychological distress among adult Syrian refugees in the Netherlands: study protocol
de Graaff, A. M., Cuijpers, P., Acarturk, C., Bryant, R., Burchert, S., Fuhr, D. C., Huizink, A. C., de Jong, J., Kieft, B., Knaevelsrud, C., et al. (2020) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2019.1694347 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citation
Group problem management plus (PM+) to decrease psychological distress among Syrian refugees in Turkey: a pilot randomised controlled trial
Acarturk, C., Uygun, E., Ilkkursun, Z., Yurtbakan, T., Kurt, G., Adam-Troian, J., Senay, I., Bryant, R., Cuijpers, P., Kiselev, N., et al. (2022) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03645-w · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citation
Peer-provided psychological intervention for Syrian refugees: results of a randomised controlled trial on the effectiveness of Problem Management Plus
de Graaff, A. M., Cuijpers, P., Twisk, J. W. R., Kieft, B., Hunaidy, S., Elsawy, M., Gorgis, N., Bouman, T. K., Lommen, M. J. J., Acarturk, C., et al. (2023) · BMJ Mental Health · doi:10.1136/bmjment-2022-300637 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citation
Protocol for a randomized controlled trial: peer-to-peer Group Problem Management Plus (PM+) for adult Syrian refugees in Turkey
Uygun, E., İlkkurşun, Z., Sijbrandij, M., Aker, A. T., Bryant, R. A., Cuijpers, P. J., Fuhr, D. C., de Graaff, A. M., de Jong, J. T. V. M., McDaid, D., et al. (2020) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-020-4166-x · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citation

Authors: de Graaff, A. M., Cuijpers, P., McDaid, D., Park, A., Woodward, A., Bryant, R. A., Fuhr, D. C., Kieft, B., Minkenberg, E., & Sijbrandij, M.
Affiliations: Amsterdam Public Health (NL)
London School of Economics and Political Science (GB)
Royal Tropical Institute (NL)
UNSW Sydney (AU)
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
Parnassia Groep (NL)
ORCID: de Graaff, A. M.
Cuijpers, P.
McDaid, D.
Park, A.
Woodward, A.
Bryant, R. A.
Fuhr, D. C.
Sijbrandij, M.
Venue: Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published: 2020
Volume: 29
ISSN: 2045-7960 (ISSN-L)
2045-7979
DOI: 10.1017/s2045796020000724
PMC: PMC7443797
OpenAlex: W3047469187
Cited by: 109
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 10
FWCI: 5.60
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (unspecified, 230 d)
Locations: Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (submittedVersion)
London School of Economics and Political Science Theses Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (submittedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Keywords: Problem Management Plus, peer-mediated intervention, Syrian refugees, psychological distress, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, psychosocial functioning, common mental disorders, cost-effectiveness, feasibility and acceptability, refugee mental health services, service utilization, Syria

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Peer-provided Problem Management Plus (PM+) for adult Syrian refugees: a pilot randomised controlled trial on effectiveness and cost-effectiveness

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