Improved Electrodeposited Iridium Oxide pH Sensor Fabricated on Etched Titanium Substrates
Abstract
In the present paper, the preparation and characterization of an improved solid-state pH sensor are described. The sensor is based on anodically electrodeposited iridium oxide film, as a pH-sensing layer. Merits of the present sensor include (i) excellent adhesion of the pH sensitive layer to the substrate, (ii) excellent reproducibility of sensor fabrication, (iii) faster preparation procedure, and (iv) low cost of the titanium substrate. These advantages are realized by combining acid-etched titanium as the electrode substrate with an optimized electrodeposition solution consisting of IrCl4 as an iridium source, hydrogen peroxide, potassium oxalate, and potassium carbonate. Heating the electrodeposition solution to 90 degrees C reduced the time required for solution development from approximately 3 days to 10 min. The pH-sensing layer is protected with a layer of Nafion and a microporous polyester membrane. The improved sensor showed a super-Nernstian response (-73.7 +/- 1.2 mV/pH unit) in the pH range of 1.5-11.5. The present pH sensor, fabricated in a tubular form, is used as a detector in a flow injection analysis (FIA) system for pH measurements. Optimization of the FIA experimental parameters resulted in a linear dependence of peak heights on the pH of the injected samples in the pH range of 2-11.
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Electrodeposited iridium oxide adheres poorly with its underlying substrate, resulting in a tendency to delaminate while under operation, which shortens the electrode lifespan.
“Electrodeposited iridium oxide has been reported to adhere poorly with its underlying substrate, resulting in a tendency, to delaminate while under operation, which shortens the electrode lifespan [14] [15].”
From Flexible Nerve Stimulation Electrode With Iridium Oxide Sputtered on Liquid Crystal Polymer (2009) · cites this paper as [14]
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- Authors
- Marzouk, S. A. M.
- Affiliations
- United Arab Emirates University (AE)
- Corresponding author
- Marzouk, Sayed A. M.
- ORCID
- Marzouk, Sayed A. M.
- Venue
- Analytical Chemistry
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2003-02-19
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1258-1266
- ISSN
- 0003-2700 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-6882
- OpenAlex
- W2059791733
- Cited by
- 136
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 2.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Analytical Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- United Arab Emirates University
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Bioengineering › Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Electrochemistry › Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
- Keywords
- iridium oxide, solid-state pH sensor, anodic deposition, super-Nernstian response, flow injection analysis, pH detection
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