Asymmetric Flow Field-Flow Fractionation in the Field of Nanomedicine
Abstract
Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) is a widely used and versatile technique in the family of field-flow fractionations, indicated by a rapidly increasing number of publications. It represents a gentle separation and characterization method, where nonspecific interactions are reduced to a minimum, allows a broad separation range from several nano- up to micrometers and enables a superior characterization of homo- and heterogenic systems. In particular, coupling to multiangle light scattering provides detailed access to sample properties. Information about molar mass, polydispersity, size, shape/conformation, or density can be obtained nearly independent of the used material. In this Perspective, the application and progress of AF4 for (bio)macromolecules and colloids, relevant for "nano" medical and pharmaceutical issues, will be presented. The characterization of different nanosized drug or gene delivery systems, e.g., polymers, nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, liposomes, polyplexes, and virus-like-particles (VLP), as well as therapeutic relevant proteins, antibodies, and nanoparticles for diagnostic usage will be discussed. Thereby, the variety of obtained information, the advantages and pitfalls of this emerging technique will be highlighted. Additionally, the influence of different fractionation parameters in the separation process is discussed in detail. Moreover, a comprehensive overview is given, concerning the investigated samples, fractionation parameters as membrane types and buffers used as well as the chosen detectors and the corresponding references. The perspective ends up with an outlook to the future.
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Size exclusion chromatography techniques have been used to differentiate between encapsulated and non-encapsulated drug and, in combination with other techniques, to evaluate the integrity of micelles in plasma.
“These techniques has been used to differentiate between encapsulated and non-encapsulated drug [238] and, in combination with other techniques, to evaluate the integrity of micelles in plasma [239].”
From Polymeric micelles in drug delivery: An insight of the techniques for their characterization and assessment in biorelevant conditions (2021) · cites this paper as [239]
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Theillet, G., Martinez, J., Steinbrugger, C., Lavillette, D., Coutard, B., Papageorgiou, N., Dalbon, P., Leparc-Goffart, I., & Bedin, F. (2019) · Virology · doi:10.1016/j.virol.2019.01.027 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Boll, B., Josse, L., Heubach, A., Hochenauer, S., Finkler, C., Huwyler, J., & Koulov, A. V. (2018) · Journal of Separation Science · doi:10.1002/jssc.201701457 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Barnett, G. V., Perhacs, J., Das, T. K., & Kar, S. R. (2018) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1007/s11095-017-2306-0 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wagner, M., Holzschuh, S., Traeger, A., Fahr, A., & Schubert, U. S.
- Affiliations
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Schubert, Ulrich. S.
- Venue
- Analytical Chemistry
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2014-05-20
- Volume
- 86
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 5201-5210
- ISSN
- 0003-2700 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-6882
- OpenAlex
- W2319623974
- Cited by
- 141
- References
- 115
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 1.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Analytical Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Computational Mechanics › Field-Flow Fractionation Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Analytical chemistry methods development
- Keywords
- asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation, nanomedicine, macromolecule characterization, colloids, multi-angle light scattering, drug delivery systems, nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, liposomes, polyplexes, virus-like particles, therapeutic proteins, immunoglobulins, membrane type, buffering effect
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Light, Molecular Conformation, Scattering, Radiation, Drug Delivery Systems, Fractionation, Field Flow, Nanomedicine
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