Cited by 984Magnesium Oxide Properties and ApplicationsConcrete and Cement Materials ResearchMagnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications

Magnesia-based cements: a journey of 150 years, and cements for the future?

Open access
Walling, Sam A., Provis, John L.·2016·Chemical Reviews

Abstract

This review examines the detailed chemical insights that have been generated through 150 years of work worldwide on magnesium-based inorganic cements, with a focus on both scientific and patent literature. Magnesium carbonate, phosphate, silicate-hydrate, and oxysalt (both chloride and sulfate) cements are all assessed. Many such cements are ideally suited to specialist applications in precast construction, road repair, and other fields including nuclear waste immobilization. The majority of MgO-based cements are more costly to produce than Portland cement because of the relatively high cost of reactive sources of MgO and do not have a sufficiently high internal pH to passivate mild steel reinforcing bars. This precludes MgO-based cements from providing a large-scale replacement for Portland cement in the production of steel-reinforced concretes for civil engineering applications, despite the potential for CO2 emissions reductions offered by some such systems. Nonetheless, in uses that do not require steel reinforcement, and in locations where the MgO can be sourced at a competitive price, a detailed understanding of these systems enables their specification, design, and selection as advanced engineering materials with a strongly defined chemical basis.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00463

Cites

300 of 300 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • MOC cement forms gel phases that contribute to developing a high-compressive strength binder.

    “This type of cement is notable for forming gel phases that contribute to developing a high-compressive strength binder [299].”
  • While MgO-based cements may find markets in niche applications such as precast concrete, the lack of understanding and higher cost will prevent them from large-scale implementation.

    “While MgO-based cements may find markets in niche applications such as precast concrete, the lack of understanding and higher cost will prevent them from large-scale implementation.131”

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Walling, S. A., & Provis, J. L.
Affiliations
University of Sheffield (GB)
Venue
Chemical Reviews
Published
2016-03-22
Volume
116
Issue
7
Pages
4170-4204
ISSN
  • 0009-2665 (ISSN-L)
  • 1520-6890
OpenAlex
W2323425801
Cited by
984
References
300
Citations by year
2026: 133 · 2025: 147 · 2024: 147 · 2023: 128 · 2022: 123 · 2021: 102 · 2020: 84 · 2019: 63 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 2
FWCI
1.60
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Chemical Reviews (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/G037140/1)
  • Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NA)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Concrete and Cement Materials Research
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
Keywords
magnesium oxide, magnesium phosphate cement, precast construction, road repair, nuclear waste immobilization, CO2 emission reduction, cement replacement, cement chemistry, patent literature

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review