Ring Closure To Form Metal Chelates in 3D Fragment-Based de Novo Design
Abstract
We describe a method for the design of multicyclic compounds from three-dimensional (3D) molecular fragments. The 3D building blocks are assembled in a controlled fashion, and closable chains of such fragments are identified. Next, the ring-closing conformations of such formally closable chains are identified, and the 3D model of a cyclic or multicyclic molecule is built. Embedding this method in an evolutionary algorithm results in a de novo design tool capable of altering the number and nature of cycles in species such as transition metal compounds with multidentate ligands in terms of, for example, ligand denticity, type and length of bridges, identity of bridgehead terms, and substitution pattern. An application of the method to the design of multidentate nitrogen-based ligands for Fe(II) spin-crossover (SCO) compounds is presented. The best candidates display multidentate skeletons new to the field of Fe(II) SCO yet resembling ligands deployed in other fields of chemistry, demonstrating the capability of the approach to explore structural variation and to suggest unexpected and realistic molecules, including structures with cycles not found in the building blocks.
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Because fitness evaluation dictates the overall time for optimization, multiple linear regression or quantitative structure-property relationship models, force field or semiempirical models, or machine learning regression models are preferable to full density functional theory evaluation.
“Because fitness evaluation dictates the overall time for optimization, MLR (i.e., quantitative structure-property relationship, or QSPR) models (59,60), force field or semiempirical models (36), or ML regression models (e.g., with ANNs) (120) are preferable in comparison to full DFT evaluation.”
From Machine Learning for the Discovery, Design, and Engineering of Materials. (2022) · cites this paper as [36]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Foscato, M., Houghton, B. J., Occhipinti, G., Deeth, R. J., & Jensen, V. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Bergen (NO)
- University of Warwick (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Jensen, Vidar R.
- Venue
- Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2015-09-14
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1844-1856
- ISSN
- 1549-9596 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-960X
- OpenAlex
- W1231382326
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 104
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4
- FWCI
- 2.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Norges Forskningsråd (205273, 208335)
- European Cooperation in Science and Technology (CM1305)
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computational Theory and Mathematics › Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Magnetism in coordination complexes
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
- Keywords
- cyclization, transition metal chelates, multidentate ligands, evolutionary algorithms, nitrogen-based ligands, ligand denticity, molecular scaffolds
- MeSH terms
- Chelating Agents, Cyclization, Drug Design, Molecular Structure, Small Molecule Libraries
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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