Electrochemical Detection of Single Phospholipid Vesicle Collisions at a Pt Ultramicroelectrode
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We report the collision behavior of single unilamellar vesicles, composed of a bilayer lipid membrane (BLM), on a platinum (Pt) ultramicroelectrode (UME) by two electrochemical detection methods. In the first method, the blocking of a solution redox reaction, induced by the single vesicle adsorption on the Pt UME, can be observed in the amperometric i-t response as current steps during the electrochemical oxidation of ferrocyanide. In the second technique, the ferrocyanide redox probe is directly encapsulated inside vesicles and can be oxidized during the vesicle collision on the UME if the potential is poised positive enough for ferrocyanide oxidation to occur. In the amperometric i-t response for the latter experiment, a current spike is observed. Here, we report the vesicle blocking (VB) method as a relevant technique for determining the vesicle solution concentration from the collisional frequency and also for observing the vesicle adhesion on the Pt surface. In addition, vesicle reactor (VR) experiments show clear evidence that the lipid bilayer membrane does not collapse or break open at the Pt UME during the vesicle collision. Because the bilayer is too thick for electron tunneling to occur readily, an appropriate concentration of a surfactant, such as Triton X-100 (TX100), was added in the VR solution to induce loosening of the bilayer (transfection conditions), allowing the electrode to oxidize the contents of the vesicle. With this technique, the TX100 effect on the…
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Single-impact electrochemistry provides a low limit of detection (in principle, one single species) and the ability to study single entities in real-time through a dynamic measurement.
“Single-impact electrochemistry provides a low limit of detection (in principle, one single species) inherent to this electro-analytical method and the ability to study single entities (cells, viruses, bacteria, nanoparticles…) in real-time through a dynamic measurement [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].”
From Trends in single-impact electrochemistry for bacteria analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [13]
Addition of an optimal concentration of surfactant is required to weaken the liposome lipid bilayer and facilitate its breakdown and release/electrolysis of encapsulated redox probe during impact onto the UME.
“The addition of an optimal concentration of surfactant is required for weakening the liposome's lipid bilayer in order to facilitate its breakdown and the release/electrolysis of its encapsulated redox probe during the impact onto the UME [13,15].”
From Trends in single-impact electrochemistry for bacteria analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [13]
In the presence of redox DMPC liposomes with encapsulated potassium ferrocyanide, no current spike is observed in i-t curves because the liposomes do not spontaneously break during impact onto the UME surface.
“According to previous data, no current spike is observed in the i-t curves in the presence of redox 1,2dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) liposomes (with encapsulated potassium ferrocyanide) because they do not spontaneously break during impact onto the UME surface (Fig. 4, left) [13,15].”
From Trends in single-impact electrochemistry for bacteria analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [13]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Lebègue, E., Anderson, C. M., Dick, J. E., Webb, L. J., & Bard, A. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bard, Allen J.
- Venue
- Langmuir
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2015-10-16
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 42
- Pages
- 11734-11739
- ISSN
- 0743-7463 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5827
- OpenAlex
- W2473518692
- Cited by
- 137
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 7.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hal.science
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Langmuir (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Division of Chemistry (CHE-1405248)
- Defense Threat Reduction Agency (HDTRA1-11-1-0005)
- Welch Foundation (F-0021, F-1722)
- Division of Graduate Education (DGE-1110007)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Electrochemistry › Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
- Keywords
- unilamellar vesicles, lipid bilayers, platinum ultramicroelectrode, ferrocyanide oxidation, vesicle adhesion, Triton X-100, lipid bilayer permeability
- MeSH terms
- Electrochemistry, Microelectrodes, Phospholipids
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