Thiol Probes To Detect Electrophilic Natural Products Based on Their Mechanism of Action
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New methods are urgently needed to find novel natural products as structural leads for the development of new drugs against emerging diseases such as cancer and multiresistant bacterial infections. Here we introduce a reactivity-guided drug discovery approach for electrophilic natural products, a therapeutically relevant class of natural products that covalently modify their cellular targets, in crude extracts. Using carefully designed halogenated aromatic reagents, the process furnishes derivatives that are UV-active and highly conspicuous via mass spectrometry by virtue of an isotopically unique bromine or chlorine tag. In addition to the identification of high-value metabolites, the process facilitates the difficult task of structure elucidation by providing derivatives that are primed for X-ray crystallographic analysis. We show that a cysteine probe efficiently and chemoselectively labels enone-, β-lactam-, and β-lactone-based electrophilic natural products (parthenolide, andrographolide, wortmannin, penicillin G, salinosporamide), while a thiophenol probe preferentially labels epoxide-based electrophilic natural products (triptolide, epoxomicin, eponemycin, cyclomarin, salinamide). Using the optimized method, we were able to detect and isolate the epoxide-bearing natural product tirandalydigin from Salinispora and thereby link an orphan gene cluster to its gene product.
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Numerous thiol containing chemical probes have been utilized to detect these functional groups in a targeted fashion.
“Over the years, mimicking this unique reactivity has turned into a strategy to detect these functional groups in a targeted fashion, for this purpose numerous thiol containing chemical probes (e.g., glutathione, mercaptoethanol, 4-chlorothiophenol),122–124 have been utilized.”
From Connecting metabolome and phenotype: recent advances in functional metabolomics tools for the identification of bioactive natural products (2024) · cites this paper as [123]
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BindingDB Entry 50020848: Pyrazolidinone-based peptidomimetic SARS-CoV-2 M
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BindingDB (2024) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2t72nnm
- Authors
- Castro-Falcón, G., Hahn, D., Reimer, D., & Hughes, C. C.
- Affiliations
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hughes, Chambers C.
- Venue
- ACS Chemical Biology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2016-06-28
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2328-2336
- ISSN
- 1554-8929 (ISSN-L)
- 1554-8937
- PMC
- PMC6295175
- OpenAlex
- W2444595687
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 3.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- ACS Chemical Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (RE 3704/1-1)
- U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-05H11231)
- National Institutes of Health (S10 OD0106400)
- Hellman Foundation
- San Diego Fellowship (2T32GM067550-10)
- UCSD Academic Senate (RN143S-HUGHES)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Click Chemistry and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
- Keywords
- covalent modification, α,β-unsaturated ketones, beta-lactam antibiotics, parthenolide, andrographolide, wortmannin, penicillin G, triptolide, epoxomicin, Salinispora, gene clusters, structure elucidation, X-ray crystallography
- MeSH terms
- Biological Products, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Sulfhydryl Compounds, Molecular Probes, Crystallography, X-Ray, Cell Line, Tumor
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