Magnetic Activated Carbon Derived from Biomass Waste by Concurrent Synthesis: Efficient Adsorbent for Toxic Dyes
Abstract
The development of advanced carbon nanomaterials that can efficiently extract pollutants from solutions is of great interest for environmental remediation and human safety. Herein we report the synthesis of magnetic activated carbons via simultaneous activation and magnetization processes using carbonized biomass waste from coconut shells (Cb’s) and FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O as precursor. We also show the ability of the materials to efficiently extract toxic organic dyes from solutions and their ease of separation and recovery from the solutions using a simple bar magnet. Textural characterization shows that the materials are microporous. Further analyses of the deconvoluted XPS spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that the materials possess magnetite, maghemite and hematite. SEM and TEM images show that an increase in the ratio of FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O:Cb leads to an increase in the material’s magnetic properties. The point of zero charge (pH pzc ) indicates that the materials have acidic characteristics. Adsorption kinetic studies carried out onto MAC1 indicates that the Elovich model can satisfactorily describe the experimental data at low initial concentrations and the pseudo-second order model can best fit the data at higher initial concentrations. Moreover, adsorption equilibrium studies reveal that the Langmuir model adequately allows the determination of the materials’ adsorption capacity. Our adsorption and equilibrium fit of the data include nonlinear models and are thus more informative compared with those in other recent, related works, in which only linear fits have been presented. Extensive mechanistic studies for the adsorption processes are also included in the work.
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Magnetic activated carbon derived from biomass waste and soft magnetic ferrite activated carbon have been commonly deployed as a support for TiO2 possessing high surface areas and magnetic properties.
“Magnetic activated carbon derived from biomass waste 142,143 and soft magnetic ferrite activated carbon 144 have been commonly deployed as a support for TiO 2 possessing high surface areas and magnetic properties.”
From Sustainable hybrid photocatalysts: titania immobilized on carbon materials derived from renewable and biodegradable resources (2016) · cites this paper as [142]
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- Authors
- Cazetta, A. L., Pezoti, O., Bedin, K. C., Silva, T. L., Paesano Junior, A., Asefa, T., & Almeida, V. C.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá (BR)
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- Corresponding author
- Asefa, Tewodros
- Almeida, Vitor C.
- Venue
- ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2016-01-29
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1058-1068
- ISSN
- 2168-0485 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2233638400
- Cited by
- 312
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 9
- FWCI
- 17.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering (publishedVersion)
- Rutgers University Community Repository (Rutgers University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Fundação Araucária
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- National Science Foundation (NanoEHS-1134289)
- Center for Global Advancement and International Affairs, Rutgers University
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Coagulation and Flocculation Studies
- Keywords
- magnetic activated carbon, FeCl3 activation, dye adsorption, magnetite, maghemite, hematite, adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, adsorption mechanism, point of zero charge, microporous carbon, adsorbent regeneration, environmental remediation
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