Cited by 225Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous SolutionsIonic liquids properties and applicationsPhase Equilibria and Thermodynamics

Are Aqueous Biphasic Systems Composed of Deep Eutectic Solvents Ternary or Quaternary Systems?

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Passos, Helena, Tavares, Daniel J. P., Ferreira, Ana M., Freire, Mara G., Coutinho, João A. P.·2016·ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

Abstract

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) have emerged in the past few years as a new class of solvents with promising applications in several fields. In the present work, the application of DES (formed by binary mixtures of cholinium chloride and carboxylic acids or urea) as phase-forming components of aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) is investigated. The mechanisms associated with the phases demixing of ABS composed of DES, as well as the DES stability in aqueous solutions, are investigated to address the critical question whether DES-based ABS are in fact ternary or quaternary mixtures. It is shown that the DES integrity is destroyed in ABS by the disruption of the hydrogen-bonding interactions of the complex (a result of the isolated components preferential solvation by water), and as confirmed by a nonstoichiometric partition of the DES components between the coexisting phases. As a result, there are no “real” DES-based ABS; instead, there is the formation of ABS composed of four components, where the carboxylic acid used as the hydrogen-bond donor species seems to act as an additive. Finally, it is shown that these ABS have an outstanding potential to be used in extraction processes, as it is here demonstrated with the complete separation of two dyes. However, the volatile nature of short chain carboxylic acids and the nonstoichiometric partition of the DES components in ABS make the development of recovery and recycling steps more difficult to accomplish.

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Crossref · 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b00485

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Authors
Passos, H., Tavares, D. J. P., Ferreira, A. M., Freire, M. G., & Coutinho, J. A. P.
Affiliations
University of Aveiro (PT)
Corresponding author
Coutinho, João A. P.
Venue
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
Published
2016-04-21
Volume
4
Issue
5
Pages
2881-2886
ISSN
2168-0485 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2332246339
Cited by
225
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1
FWCI
19.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
other-oa
Locations
  • ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering (publishedVersion)
  • Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/85248/2012, SFRH/BD/92200/2013, UID/CTM /50011/2013)
  • European Regional Development Fund (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007679)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Filtration and Separation › Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions
  • Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Catalysis › Ionic liquids properties and applications
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics
Keywords
aqueous two-phase systems, deep eutectic solvents, carboxylic acids, urea, hydrogen bonding, preferential solvation, quaternary mixtures, dye separation, extraction, solvent stability

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