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Chemistry of Archaeological Animal Fats
Abstract
Animal fats are preserved at archaeological sites in association with unglazed pottery, human and animal remains, and other deposits or hoards. High-temperature gas chromatography (HT-GC) and combined HT-GC/mass spectrometry (HT-GC/MS) has confirmed the presence of animal fats in lipid extracts of artifacts. Degradation products and pathways have been discerned through the analyses of archaeological finds and the products of laboratory and field-based decay experiments. The origins of preserved fats have been determined through detailed compositional analysis of their component fatty acids by GC, by GC/MS of dimethyl disulfide derivatives of monoenoic components, and by GC-combustion-isotope ratio-MS (GC-C-IRMS), to derive diagenetically robust delta(13)C values. Regiospecific analysis of intact triacylglycerols by high-performance liquid chromatography/MS (HPLC/MS), with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization, provides a further criterion for establishing the origin of fats. Preparative GC has been employed to isolate individual fatty acids from archaeological pottery in sufficient amounts for (14)C dating.
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Cited by
Correa-Ascencio, M., & Evershed, R. P. (2014) · Analytical Methods · doi:10.1039/c3ay41678j · Cited by 254
Self-citationEvershed, R. P. (2008) · World Archaeology · doi:10.1080/00438240801889373 · Cited by 214
Self-citationCopley, M. S., Bland, H. A., Rose, P., Horton, M., & Evershed, R. P. (2005) · The Analyst · doi:10.1039/b500403a · Cited by 206
Self-citationProteomics evidence for kefir dairy in Early Bronze Age China
Yang, Y., Shevchenko, A., Knaust, A., Abuduresule, I., Li, W., Hu, X., Wang, C., & Shevchenko, A. (2014) · Journal of Archaeological Science · doi:10.1016/j.jas.2014.02.005 · Cited by 177
EVERSHED, R. P., COPLEY, M. S., DICKSON, L., & HANSEL, F. A. (2008) · Archaeometry · doi:10.1111/j.1475-4754.2007.00368.x · Cited by 170
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Metadata
- Authors
- Evershed, R. P., Dudd, S. N., Copley, M. S., Berstan, R., Stott, A. W., Mottram, H., Buckley, S. A., & Crossman, Z.
- Venue
- Accounts of Chemical Research
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2002-08-01
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 660-668
- ISSN
- 0001-4842 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-4898
- OpenAlex
- W2143192591
- Cited by
- 303
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 7.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Evershed, R. P., Dudd, S. N., Copley, M. S., Berstan, R., Stott, A. W., Mottram, H., Buckley, S. A., & Crossman, Z. (2002). Chemistry of Archaeological Animal Fats. Accounts of Chemical Research. https://doi.org/10.1021/ar000200f
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