Industrial Utilization of Tin-Initiated Resorbable Polymers: Synthesis on a Large Scale with a Low Amount of Initiator Residue
Abstract
This article presents the successful large-batch synthesis of a resorbable polymer with a minimal amount of residual tin. Ring-opening polymerization of epsilon-caprolactone was performed in toluene, with a tin (IV) alkoxide as the initiator. A number of parameters were varied in order to study the polymerization with respect to the purity of solvent, batch size, and the residual amount of tin in the polymers. The synthesis of epsilon-caprolactone in undistilled toluene with 1-di-n-butyl-1-stanna-2,5-dioxacyclopentane as the initiator was successfully performed in batches of 5, 20, and 50 g with no differences in the final conversion, molecular weight, or molecular-weight distribution. The residual amount of tin was significantly reduced from over 1000 to 23 ppm. This study examines the industrial utility of the materials regarding the size and purity of the synthesis.
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Tin octoate is probably the most popular polymerization initiator for ROP of aliphatic polyesters.
“Probably the most popular polymerization initiator for ROP of aliphatic polyester is tin(II) bis-(2ethylhexanoate) also referred as tin octoate (Sn(Oct) 2 ) [10].”
From Recent advances in the synthesis of aliphatic polyesters by ring-opening polymerization☆ (2008) · cites this paper as [10]
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- Authors
- Stjerndahl, A., Wistrand, A. F., & Albertsson, A.-C.
- Affiliations
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology (SE)
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Venue
- Biomacromolecules
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2007-02-23
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 937-940
- ISSN
- 1525-7797 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-4602
- OpenAlex
- W2001528676
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biomacromolecules (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Process Chemistry and Technology › Carbon dioxide utilization in catalysis
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer composites and self-healing
- Keywords
- resorbable polymers, ε-caprolactone, ring-opening polymerization, solvent purity, toluene, biodegradable polymers
- MeSH terms
- Biocompatible Materials, Industry, Kinetics, Materials Testing, Models, Chemical, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Polymers, Solvents, Time Factors, Tin, Toluene, Molecular Structure, Macromolecular Substances
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