Minimization of residual tin in the controlled Sn(II)octoate‐catalyzed polymerization of ε‐caprolactone
Abstract
By using less catalyst in the ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone, a residual tin content of 5 ppm was reached without the need for additional purification. The initial amount of tin (II) 2‐ethylhexanoate [Sn(Oct) 2 ] was varied using catalyst:monomer ratios of 1:1000, 1:10,000, and 1:20,000. The impact on the final conversion, reaction control, average molecular weight, and polydispersity was studied. The amount of Sn(Oct) 2 could be significantly reduced without influencing the reaction results. The residual amount of tin was reduced from 176ppm with a catalyst:monomer ratio of 1:1000 in the polymer, to 5 ppm with the ratio 1:10,000. It was thus concluded that a catalyst:monomer ratio of 1:10,000 or lower is required to achieve a polymer with tin content suitable for biomedical applications. The materials were also tested in a proliferation study with mesenchymal stem cells from mouse. Porous scaffolds were fabricated from the polymers, using a salt leaching technique, and the cell growth on the porous scaffolds as well as on homogeneous films was determined by light absorbance measurements. In this study, the cell proliferation results showed that cells could grow on all polymers with an efficiency equal to or better than that on normal tissue culture plastic. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2008
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Many tin compounds are toxic, severely limiting applications in biological settings such as the human body or ecosystems and requiring careful removal of residuals.
“many tin compounds are toxic, severely limiting applications in biological settings such as the human body or ecosystems and requires careful removal of residuals.”
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- Authors
- Stjerndahl, A., Finne‐Wistrand, A., Albertsson, A. ‐., Bäckesjö, C. M., & Lindgren, U.
- Affiliations
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology (SE)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Albertsson, A.‐C.
- Venue
- Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-02-27
- Volume
- 87A
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1086-1091
- ISSN
- 1549-3296 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-4965
- OpenAlex
- W1988280942
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Process Chemistry and Technology › Carbon dioxide utilization in catalysis
- Keywords
- ε-caprolactone, ring-opening polymerization, tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate, polycaprolactone, mesenchymal stem cells, cell proliferation, porous scaffolds, salt leaching, biodegradable polymers
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biocompatible Materials, Caproates, Cell Line, Lactones, Materials Testing, Polymers, Tin, Porosity, Cell Proliferation, Mice, Tissue Scaffolds, Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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