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Approaches and Recent Development of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cells Operating above 100 °C

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Li, Qingfeng, He, Ronghuan, Jensen, Jens Oluf, Bjerrum, Niels J.·2003·Chemistry of Materials
DOI 10.1021/cm0310519
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Abstract

Abstract The state-of-the-art of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology is based on perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) polymer membranes operating at a typical temperature of 80 °C. Some of the key issues and shortcomings of the PFSA-based PEMFC technology are briefly discussed. These include water management, CO poisoning, hydrogen, reformate and methanol as fuels, cooling, and heat recovery. As a means to solve these shortcomings, high-temperature polymer electrolyte membranes for operation above 100 °C are under active development. This treatise is devoted to a review of the area encompassing modified PFSA membranes, alternative sulfonated polymer and their composite membranes, and acid−base complex membranes. PFSA membranes have been modified by swelling with nonvolatile solvents and preparing composites with hydrophilic oxides and solid proton conductors. DMFC and H2/O2(air) cells based on modified PFSA membranes have been successfully operated at temperatures up to 120 °C under ambient pressure and up to 150 °C under 3−5 atm. Alternative polymers are selected from silicon- and fluorine-containing inorganic polymers or aromatic hydrocarbon polymers and functionalized by sulfonation. The sulfonated hydrocarbons and their inorganic composites are potentially promising for high-temperature operation. High conductivities have been obtained at temperatures up to 180 °C. Acid−base complex membranes constitute another class of electrolyte membranes. A high-temperature PEMFC based on H3PO4-doped PBI has been demonstrated for operation at temperatures up to 200 °C under ambient pressure. The advanced features include high CO tolerance, simple thermal and water management, and possible integration with the fuel processing unit.

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200 of 271 shown

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Metadata

Authors
Li, Q., He, R., Jensen, J. O., & Bjerrum, N. J.
Venue
Chemistry of Materials
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published
2003-12-01
Volume
15
Issue
26
Pages
4896-4915
ISSN
  • 0897-4756 (ISSN-L)
  • 1520-5002
DOI
10.1021/cm0310519
OpenAlex
W2159898685
Cited by
1,689
References
15
FWCI
45.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid
Licence
pubs.acs.org/page/policy/authorchoice_termsofuse.html (vor, 4663 d)

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.