Rapid electron transfer by the carbon matrix in natural pyrogenic carbon
Open accessAbstract
Surface functional groups constitute major electroactive components in pyrogenic carbon. However, the electrochemical properties of pyrogenic carbon matrices and the kinetic preference of functional groups or carbon matrices for electron transfer remain unknown. Here we show that environmentally relevant pyrogenic carbon with average H/C and O/C ratios of less than 0.35 and 0.09 can directly transfer electrons more than three times faster than the charging and discharging cycles of surface functional groups and have a 1.5 V potential range for biogeochemical reactions that invoke electron transfer processes. Surface functional groups contribute to the overall electron flux of pyrogenic carbon to a lesser extent with greater pyrolysis temperature due to lower charging and discharging capacities, although the charging and discharging kinetics remain unchanged. This study could spur the development of a new generation of biogeochemical electron flux models that focus on the bacteria–carbon–mineral conductive network.
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Geobattery theory on natural pyrogenic carbon holds that phenolic -OH and quinoid C=O can undergo electron-mediated transformation, indicating the electron-donating ability of phenolic -OH.
“Recently, the discovery of 'geobattery' theory (reversible functional interspecies conversion) on natural pyrogenic carbon, whereby phenolic -OH and quinoid C=O can undergo electronmediated transformation, further indicates the electron donating ability of phenolic -OH.105,106”
From Sustainable remediation with an electroactive biochar system: mechanisms and perspectives (2020) · cites this paper as [105]
Geoconductor theory, in which electron shuttle occurs via a conductive carbon substrate, has recently been demonstrated on engineered biochar in environmental applications.
“geoconductor theory (electron shuttle via conductive carbon substrate) has recently been demonstrated on engineered biochar in environmental applications.105”
From Sustainable remediation with an electroactive biochar system: mechanisms and perspectives (2020) · cites this paper as [105]
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- Authors
- Sun, T., Levin, B. D. A., Guzman, J. J. L., Enders, A., Muller, D. A., Angenent, L. T., & Lehmann, J.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sun, Tianran
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2017-03-31
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14873-14873
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5380966
- OpenAlex
- W2600902863
- Cited by
- 626
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 59 · 2025: 97 · 2024: 89 · 2023: 82 · 2022: 91 · 2021: 76 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 12
- FWCI
- 20.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (0965336, 1144153)
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (IOS-0965336, 2014-67003-22069)
- National Institute of Food and Agriculture (2014-67003-22069)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Humic Substances and Bio-Organic Studies
- Keywords
- pyrogenic carbon, electron transfer, carbon matrix, surface functional groups, pyrolysis temperature, natural organic matter, electrochemical properties
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