Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 363

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Effects of Fulvic Acid on Fe(II) Oxidation by Hydrogen Peroxide

Voelker, Bettina M., Sulzberger, Barbara·1996·Environmental Science & Technology

Abstract

Iron redox cycling can catalyze the oxidation of humic substances and increase the rate of oxygen consumption in surface waters rich in iron and organic carbon. This study examines the role of Fenton's reaction [oxidation of Fe(II) by hydrogen peroxide] in this catalytic cycle. A number of competing processes were observed in model systems containing dissolved Fe, hydrogen peroxide, and Suwannee River fulvic acid. First, the effective rate constant of Fenton's reaction increased with increasing fulvic acid concentration, indicating the formation of Fe(II)−fulvate complexes that react more rapidly with hydrogen peroxide than Fe(II)−aquo complexes. This effect was significant at pH 5 but negligible at pH 3. A second effect was scavenging of the HO • radical produced in Fenton's reaction by fulvic acid, forming an organic radical. The organic radical reduced oxygen to HO 2 • /O 2 • -, which then regenerated hydrogen peroxide by reaction with Fe(II). Finally, Fe(III) was reduced by a dark reaction with fulvic acid, characterized by an initially fast reduction followed by slower processes. The behavior of Fe(II) and hydrogen peroxide over time in the presence of fulvic acid and oxygen could be described by a kinetic model taking all of these reactions into account. The net result was an iron redox cycle in which hydrogen peroxide as well as oxygen were consumed (even though direct oxidation of Fe(II) by oxygen was not significant), and the oxidation of fulvic acid was accelerated.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1021/es9502132

Cites

1 of 1 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 1 references

Cited by

See all 363

Metadata

Authors
Voelker, B. M., & Sulzberger, B.
Venue
Environmental Science & Technology
Published
1996-03-01
Volume
30
Issue
4
Pages
1106-1114
ISSN
  • 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
  • 1520-5851
OpenAlex
W1979968892
Cited by
363
References
1
FWCI
20.56
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Effects of Fulvic Acid on Fe(II) Oxidation by Hydrogen Peroxide. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1021/es9502132
The paper
Voelker, B. M., & Sulzberger, B. (1996). Effects of Fulvic Acid on Fe(II) Oxidation by Hydrogen Peroxide. Environmental Science & Technology. https://doi.org/10.1021/es9502132

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.