E Stereoregular 1,1 and 1,3 Constitutional Units from 1,3-Butadiene in Copolymerizations Catalyzed by a Highly Hindered C2 Symmetric Metallocene
Abstract
Unprecedented 1,1 and 1,3 constitutional units from 1,3-butadiene, both presenting only the E configuration of the double bond, have been achieved by copolymerization with ethene, conducted at high temperature and low ethene concentration, when catalyzed by a highly hindered C(2) symmetric metallocene. Ethene/butadiene copolymerizations by this catalyst generally lead to prevailing methylene-1,2-cyclopropane units from butadiene. Polymer microstructures obtained for different comonomer concentrations clearly indicate that the rate-determining step leading to cyclopropanation involves ethene, while that leading to 1,1 and 1,3 constitutional units does not. A general copolymerization scheme and a molecular modeling study of the cyclopropanation reaction are presented. Molecular modeling also indicates that the E stereoselectivity for 1,1 and 1,3 constitutional units can be rationalized, in the assumption that an allyl isomerization of the terminal of the growing chain would occur.
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- Authors
- Longo, P., Pragliola, S., Milano, G., & Guerra, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Salerno (IT)
- Venue
- Journal of the American Chemical Society
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2003-03-26
- Volume
- 125
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 4799-4803
- ISSN
- 0002-7863 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5126
- OpenAlex
- W2069346922
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the American Chemical Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Cyclopropane Reaction Mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization
- Keywords
- 1,3-butadiene, E-stereoselectivity, cyclopropanation, polymer microstructure, rate-determining step, copolymerization mechanism, molecular modeling
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