Dispersion of Rod-like Particles of Nafion in Salt-Free Water/1-Propanol and Water/Ethanol Solutions
Abstract
The dispersion of perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomers in catalyst inks is an important factor controlling the performance of catalyst layers in membrane electrode assemblies of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The effect of water/alcohol composition on the dispersion of H-Nafion in water/1-propanol and water/ethanol solutions was studied by dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and (19)F nuclear magnetic resonance ((19)F NMR) spectroscopy. Hydrodynamic radii calculated from DLS decay profiles and the radii and interparticle distance of rod-like particles derived from SAXS profiles showed almost the same dependence on alcohol concentration. 1-Propanol was more effective than ethanol to induce changes in the characteristic lengths of the rod-like particles. The motional narrowing in the (19)F NMR spectra by addition of 1-propanol indicates selective solvation of the rod-like particles. We suppose this might have decreased their radii and induced their elongation, which eventually led to extension of the ordered regions as observed in the hydrodynamic radii. Our study helps to clarify the dispersion of Nafion in aqueous alcohol solutions, which has implications for the performance of PEMFCs.
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Nafion ionomer self-assembles into a variety of morphologies with different sizes in different dispersion media.
“The Nafion ionomer is likely to self-assemble into a variety of morphologies with different sizes in different dispersion media (Figure 8b), e.g., cylindrical agglomerates with a diameter of 2-5 nm (in glycerol, ethylene glycol (EG) or water/1-propanol mixed solvents with different 1-propanol fractions) [128,136,137]”
From Effect of Catalyst Ink and Formation Process on the Multiscale Structure of Catalyst Layers in PEM Fuel Cells (2022) · cites this paper as [136]
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- Authors
- Yamaguchi, M., Matsunaga, T., Amemiya, K., Ohira, A., Hasegawa, N., Shinohara, K., Ando, M., & Yoshida, T.
- Affiliations
- AIST Tokyo Waterfront (JP)
- Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories (Japan) (JP)
- Toyota Motor Corporation (Japan) (JP)
- Nissan (Japan) (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Yamaguchi, Makoto
- Venue
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2014-12-10
- Volume
- 118
- Issue
- 51
- Pages
- 141210091239007
- ISSN
- 1520-5207 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-6106
- OpenAlex
- W2090535129
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 1.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry
- Funders
- Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
- New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Fuel Cells and Related Materials
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Physical and Theoretical Chemistry › Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
- Keywords
- Nafion, perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomers, rod-like particles, dispersion, alcohol-water mixtures, 1-propanol, ethanol, proton exchange membrane fuel cells, catalyst ink, hydrodynamic radius, interparticle distance, preferential solvation, motional narrowing, ordered regions, catalyst layer
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