The Declarative/Procedural Model of Lexicon and Grammar
Abstract
Our use of language depends upon two capacities: a mental lexicon of memorized words and a mental grammar of rules that underlie the sequential and hierarchical composition of lexical forms into predictably structured larger words, phrases, and sentences. The declarative/procedural model posits that the lexicon/grammar distinction in language is tied to the distinction between two well-studied brain memory systems. On this view, the memorization and use of at least simple words (those with noncompositional, that is, arbitrary form-meaning pairings) depends upon an associative memory of distributed representations that is subserved by temporal-lobe circuits previously implicated in the learning and use of fact and event knowledge. This "declarative memory" system appears to be specialized for learning arbitrarily related information (i.e., for associative binding). In contrast, the acquisition and use of grammatical rules that underlie symbol manipulation is subserved by frontal/basal-ganglia circuits previously implicated in the implicit (nonconscious) learning and expression of motor and cognitive "skills" and "habits" (e.g., from simple motor acts to skilled game playing). This "procedural" system may be specialized for computing sequences. This novel view of lexicon and grammar offers an alternative to the two main competing theoretical frameworks. It shares the perspective of traditional dual-mechanism theories in positing that the mental lexicon and a symbol-manipulating…
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Vocabulary learning depends on declarative memory, strengthened through explicit instruction and repeated exposure.
“Ullman's (2001) model of second language acquisition suggests vocabulary learning depends on declarative memory, strengthened through explicit instruction and repeated exposure.”
From Integrating ChatGPT for vocabulary learning and retention: A classroom-based study of Saudi EFL learners (2025) · cites this paper as Ullman's (2001)
Cites
Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition: Foundations
Rumelhart, D. E., McClelland, J. L., & AU (1986) · doi:10.7551/mitpress/5236.001.0001 · Cited by 15,686 · see citing works
Lectures on Government and Binding
Chomsky, N. (1993) · Mouton eBooks · doi:10.1515/9783110884166 · Cited by 8,557 · see citing works
Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex
Alexander, G. E., DeLong, M. R., & Strick, P. L. (1986) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.09.030186.002041 · Cited by 8,527 · see citing works
Chomsky, N. (2014) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/9780262527347.001.0001 · Cited by 8,264 · see citing works
(2005) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.43-0626 · Cited by 4,726 · see citing works
Distributed morphology and the pieces of inflection
Halle, M., & Marantz, A. (1993) · Cited by 3,251 · see citing works
Understanding normal and impaired word reading: Computational principles in quasi-regular domains.
Plaut, D. C., McClelland, J. L., Seidenberg, M. S., & Patterson, K. (1996) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.103.1.56 · Cited by 2,698 · see citing works
Children with Specific Language Impairment
Leonard, L. B. (2014) · doi:10.7551/mitpress/9152.001.0001 · Cited by 2,619 · see citing works
Alexander, G. E., Crutcher, M. D., & DeLong, M. R. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 2,422 · see citing works
Word Formation in Generative Grammar
Aronoff, M. (1976) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,308 · see citing works
The lexical nature of syntactic ambiguity resolution
MacDonald, M. C., Pearlmutter, N. J., & Seidenberg, M. S. (1994) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.101.4.676 · Cited by 2,259 · see citing works
Matthei, E. H. (1984) · Language · doi:10.2307/413815 · Cited by 2,189 · see citing works
Rethinking Innateness: A Connectionist Perspective on Development
Harris, M. J., Karmiloff‐Smith, A., Parisi, D., & Plunkett, K. (1996) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,990 · see citing works
Anderson, S. R. (1992) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b0-08-044854-2/00134-6 · Cited by 1,840 · see citing works
SEMANTIC DEMENTIA: PROGRESSIVE FLUENT APHASIA WITH TEMPORAL LOBE ATROPHY
HODGES, J. R., PATTERSON, K., OXBURY, S., & FUNNELL, E. (1992) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/115.6.1783 · Cited by 1,710 · see citing works
Pinker, S. A., & Prince, A. (1988) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/0010-0277(88)90032-7 · Cited by 1,637 · see citing works
Neural correlates of category-specific knowledge
Martin, A. D., Wiggs, C. L., Ungerleider, L. G., & Haxby, J. V. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/379649a0 · Cited by 1,549 · see citing works
On Learning the Past Tenses of English Verbs
(1986) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/5236.003.0008 · Cited by 1,448 · see citing works
Arnold, S. E., Hyman, B. T., Flory, J., Damasio, A. R., & Van Hoesen, G. W. (1991) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/1.1.103 · Cited by 1,380 · see citing works
Structure and function of declarative and nondeclarative memory systems
Squire, L. R., & Zola, S. M. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.24.13515 · Cited by 1,327 · see citing works
Words and rules: the ingredients of language
(2000) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.37-5964 · Cited by 1,230 · see citing works
Perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices of the macaque monkey: Cortical afferents
Suzuki, W., & Amaral, D. G. (1994) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903500402 · Cited by 1,134 · see citing works
The Structure and Organization of Memory
Squire, L. R., Knowlton, B. J., & Musen, G. (1993) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.44.020193.002321 · Cited by 1,121 · see citing works
Overregularization in language acquisition
Marcus, G. F., Pinker, S., Ullman, M., Hollander, M., Rosen, T. J., Xu, F., & Clahsen, H. (1992) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.2307/1166115 · Cited by 1,065 · see citing works
Self-citationPinker, S. A. (1991) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1857983 · Cited by 1,061 · see citing works
Cognitive deficits in Parkinson’s disease
Dubois, B., & Pillon, B. (1996) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/pl00007725 · Cited by 911 · see citing works
Syntactically Based Sentence Processing Classes: Evidence from Event-Related Brain Potentials
Neville, H. J., Nicol, J. L., Barss, A., Forster, K. I., & Garrett, M. F. (1991) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.1991.3.2.151 · Cited by 886 · see citing works
Ullman, M. T., Corkin, S., Coppola, M., Hickok, G. S., Growdon, J. H., Koroshetz, W. J., & Pinker, S. A. (1997) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.1997.9.2.266 · Cited by 806 · see citing works
Self-citationA neuropsychological theory of motor skill learning.
Willingham, D. B. (1998) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.105.3.558 · Cited by 798 · see citing works
Word recognition in the human inferior temporal lobe
Nobre, A. C., Allison, T., & McCarthy, G. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/372260a0 · Cited by 789 · see citing works
Lexical entries and rules of language: A multidisciplinary study of German inflection
Clahsen, H. (1999) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x99002228 · Cited by 723 · see citing works
German Inflection: The Exception That Proves the Rule
Marcus, G., Brinkmann, U., Clahsen, H., Wiese, R., & Pinker, S. A. (1995) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1006/cogp.1995.1015 · Cited by 720 · see citing works
Rules and schemas in the development and use of the English past tense
Bybee, J., & Slobin, D. I. (1982) · Language · doi:10.1353/lan.1982.0021 · Cited by 650 · see citing works
Précis of The Modularity of Mind
Fodor, J. A. (1985) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x0001921x · Cited by 642 · see citing works
Plunkett, K., & Marchman, V. A. (1991) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/0010-0277(91)90022-v · Cited by 632 · see citing works
Morphological Classes as Natural Categories
Bybee, J., & Moder, C. L. (1983) · Language · doi:10.2307/413574 · Cited by 595 · see citing works
Multiple Output Channels in the Basal Ganglia
Hoover, J. E., & Strick, P. L. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7679223 · Cited by 592 · see citing works
From rote learning to system building: acquiring verb morphology in children and connectionist nets
Plunkett, K., & Marchman, V. A. (1993) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/0010-0277(93)90057-3 · Cited by 580 · see citing works
Homographic entries in the internal lexicon
Rubenstein, H., Garfield, L., & Millikan, J. A. (1970) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(70)80091-3 · Cited by 563 · see citing works
Building action repertoires: memory and learning functions of the basal ganglia
Graybiel, A. M. (1995) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/0959-4388(95)80100-6 · Cited by 557 · see citing works
Generalisation of regular and irregular morphological patterns
Prasada, S., & Pinker, S. A. (1993) · Language and Cognitive Processes · doi:10.1080/01690969308406948 · Cited by 547 · see citing works
PROCEDURAL LEARNING AND NEOSTYRIAL DYSFUNCTION IN MAN
Saint‐Cyr, J. A., TAYLOR, A. E., & Lang, A. E. (1988) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/111.4.941 · Cited by 531 · see citing works
A study of language functioning in Alzheimer patients
Appell, J., KERTESZ, A. E., & Fisman, M. (1982) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/0093-934x(82)90006-2 · Cited by 524 · see citing works
The Underlying Nature of Specific Language Impairment
Bishop, D. (1992) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00858.x · Cited by 520 · see citing works
Functionalism and the competition model
Bates, E. A., & MacWhinney, B. (1989) · Cited by 515 · see citing works
Dissociations of language function in dementia: A case study
Schwartz, M. F., Marin, O. S. M., & Saffran, E. M. (1979) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/0093-934x(79)90024-5 · Cited by 507 · see citing works
Fox, P. T., Mintun, M. A., Reiman, E. M., & Raichle, M. E. (1988) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.1988.111 · Cited by 498 · see citing works
The Prefrontal CortexExecutive and Cognitive Functions
Roberts, A. C., Robbins, T. W., & Weiskrantz, L. (1998) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198524410.001.0001 · Cited by 475 · see citing works
Vargha‐Khadem, F., Watkins, K. E., Alcock, K., Fletcher, P. J., & Passingham, R. E. (1995) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.92.3.930 · Cited by 439 · see citing works
Segmental phonology of Modern English
Halle, M., & Mohanan, K. P. (1985) · Linguistic Inquiry · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Semantic memory in Alzheimer's disease.
Nebes, R. D. (1989) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.106.3.377 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
Neuropsychological, neurological, and neuroanatomical profile of Williams syndrome
Bellugi, U., Bihrle, A. M., Jernigan, T. L., Trauner, D., & Doherty, S. (2005) · American Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.1320370621 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
Graham, K. S., & Hodges, J. R. (1997) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/0894-4105.11.1.77 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
Impairments in verb morphology after brain injury: A connectionist model
Joanisse, M. F., & Seidenberg, M. S. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.13.7592 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Neural basis of an inherited speech and language disorder
Vargha‐Khadem, F., Watkins, K. E., Price, C. J., Ashburner, J., Alcock, K., Connelly, A., Frackowiak, R. S. J., Friston, K. J., Pembrey, M. E., Mishkin, M., et al. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.21.12695 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
Memory and frontal lobe function.
Shimamura, A. P. (1995) · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Implementations are not conceptualizations: Revising the verb learning model
MacWhinney, B., & Leinbach, J. (1991) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/0010-0277(91)90048-9 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
An extended Family with a Dominantly Inherited Speech Disorder
Hurst, J. A., Baraitser, M., Auger, E., Graham, F., & Norell, S. (1990) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1990.tb16948.x · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Language Acquisition and Use: Learning and Applying Probabilistic Constraints
Seidenberg, M. S. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.275.5306.1599 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Event-related potentials and the semantic matching of pictures
Barrett, S. E., & Rugg, M. D. (1990) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/0278-2626(90)90029-n · Cited by 322 · see citing works
Empty Speech in Alzheimer's Disease and Fluent Aphasia
Nicholas, M. L., Obler, L. K., Albert, M. L., & Helm‐Estabrooks, N. (1985) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/jshr.2803.405 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Dissociating types of mental computation
Marslen‐Wilson, W. D., & TYLER, L. K. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/42456 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Speech production, syntax comprehension, and cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease
LIEBERMAN, P. H., Kako, E. T., Friedman, J. H., Tajchman, G. N., Feldman, L. S., & Jiminez, E. B. (1992) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/0093-934x(92)90127-z · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Syntax and morphology in Williams syndrome
Clahsen, H. (1998) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/s0010-0277(98)00049-3 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Language disintegration in dementia: Effects of etiology and severity
Hier, D. B., Hagenlocker, K., & Shindler, A. G. (1985) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/0093-934x(85)90124-5 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Learning and morphological change
Hare, M. L., & Elman, J. L. (1995) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/0010-0277(94)00655-5 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
A Positron Emission Tomographic Study of Regular and Irregular Verb Morphology in English
Jaeger, J. J., Lockwood, A. H., Kemmerer, D. L., Valin, R. D. V., Murphy, B. W., & Khalak, H. G. (1996) · Language · doi:10.2307/416276 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Regular and Irregular Morphology and the Psychological Status of Rules of Grammar
Pinker, S. A., & Prince, A. (1991) · Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society · doi:10.3765/bls.v17i0.1624 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Shonkoff, J. P., Hauser-Cram, P., Krauss, M. W., Upshur, C. C., & Sameroff, A. J. (1992) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.2307/1166087 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Language function in senile dementia
Bayles, K. A. (1982) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/0093-934x(82)90086-4 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Gabrieli, J. D. E., Corkin, S., Mickel, S. F., & Growdon, J. H. (1993) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037//0735-7044.107.6.899 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
How the brain processes complex words: an event-related potential study of German verb inflections
Penke, M., Weyerts, H., Groß, M., Zander, E., Münte, T. F., & Clahsen, H. (1997) · Cognitive Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0926-6410(97)00012-8 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Procedural memory in Parkinson's disease: Impaired motor but not visuoperceptual learning
Harrington, D. L., Haaland, K. Y., Yeo, R. A., & Marder, E. (1990) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/01688639008400978 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Language production in Parkinson's disease: Acoustic and linguistic considerations
Illes, J., Metter, E. J., Hanson, W., & Iritani, S. (1988) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/0093-934x(88)90059-4 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Past tense morphology in specifically language impaired and normally developing children
van der Lely, H. K. J., & Ullman, M. T. (2001) · Language and Cognitive Processes · doi:10.1080/01690960042000076 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Self-citationSyntactic Preservation in Alzheimer's Disease
Kempler, D., Curtiss, S., & Jackson, C. M. (1987) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/jshr.3003.343 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Ullman, M. T., Pancheva, R., Love, T. E., Yee, E., Swinney, D., & Hickok, G. S. (2004) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2004.10.001 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Self-citationLanguage disorders in dementia of the Alzheimer type
Murdoch, B. E., Chenery, H. J., Wilks, V., & Boyle, R. S. (1987) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/0093-934x(87)90064-2 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Sentence comprehension in Parkinson's disease: The role of attention and memory
Grossman, M., Carvell, S., Stern, M. B., Gollomp, S. M., & Hurtig, H. I. (1992) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/0093-934x(92)90074-o · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Event-related potentials and the semantic matching of faces
Barrett, S. E., & Rugg, M. D. (1989) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(89)90067-5 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Illes, J. (1989) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/0093-934x(89)90116-8 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Brain potentials indicate differences between regular and irregular German plurals
Weyerts, H., Penke, M., Dohrn, U., Clahsen, H., & Münte, T. F. (1997) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199703030-00028 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Syntax Comprehension Deficits in Parkinson??s Disease
LIEBERMAN, P. H., Friedman, J. H., & FELDMAN, L. S. (1990) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199006000-00003 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Sentence comprehension and praxis deficits in Parkinson's disease
Grossman, M., Carvell, S., Gollomp, S. M., Stern, M. B., RN, G. V., & Hurtig, H. I. (1991) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.41.10.1620 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Simos, P. G., Basile, L., & Papanicolaou, A. C. (1997) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00349-1 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Are Inflected Forms Stored in the Lexicon?
Stemberger, J. P., & MacWhinney, B. (1988) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789004454101_009 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Answering the connectionist challenge: a symbolic model of learning the past tenses of English verbs
Ling, C. X. (1993) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/0010-0277(93)90006-h · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Leonard, L. B., & Bortolini, U. (1998) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/jslhr.4106.1363 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Sentence Comprehension in Patients with Alzheimer′s Disease
Rochon, E. A., Waters, G. S., & Caplan, D. N. (1994) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1006/brln.1994.1018 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
DISSOCIATIONS OF LANGUAGE IN APHASIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR NORMAL FUNCTION*
Marin, O. S. M., Saffran, E. M., & Schwartz, M. F. (1976) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1976.tb25550.x · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Default generalisation in connectionist networks
Hare, M. L., Elman, J. L., & Daugherty, K. G. (1995) · Language and Cognitive Processes · doi:10.1080/01690969508407115 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Inflectional morphology in a family with inherited specific language impairment
Ullman, M. T., & Gopnik, M. (1999) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716499001034 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Self-citationConstraints on plasticity in a connectionist model of the English past tense.
Marchman, V. A. (1993) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.1993.5.2.215 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
A Case of the Isolation of the Language Function
Whitaker, H. (1976) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-746302-5.50008-6 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Price, B. H., Gurvit, H. I., Weıntraub, S., Geula, C., Leimkuhler, E., & Mesulam, M. M. (1993) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1993.00540090038008 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Friederici, A. D., Hahne, A., & von Cramon, D. Y. (1998) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1906 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Winocur, G., & Moscovitch, M. (1990) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037//0735-7044.104.4.544 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Ullman, M. T. (1999) · Language and Cognitive Processes · doi:10.1080/016909699386374 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citationMarchman, V. A. (1997) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1016/s0364-0213(99)80025-1 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Processing capacity and sentence comprehension in patients with alzheimer's disease
Waters, G. S., Caplan, D. N., & Rochon, E. A. (1995) · Cognitive Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/02643299508251990 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Irigaray, L. (1973) · De Gruyter eBooks · doi:10.1515/9783111323497 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Hodges, J. R., & Patterson, K. E. (1997) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(97)01022-x · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Preserved Cognitive Skills in Dementia of the Alzheimer Type
Beatty, W. W., Winn, P., Adams, R. L., Allen, E. W., Wilson, D., Prince, J. R., Olson, K. A., Dean, K., & Littleford, D. (1994) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1994.00540220088018 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Morphological Composition in the Lexical Output System
Badecker, W., & Caramazza, A. (1991) · Cognitive Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/02643299108253377 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Human brain potentials to violations in morphologically complex Italian words
Groß, M., Say, T., Kleingers, M., Clahsen, H., & Münte, T. F. (1998) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(97)00971-3 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Grossman, M., Payer, F., Onishi, K., D’Esposito, M., Morrison, D. F., Sadek, A. G., & Alavi, A. A. (1998) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.50.1.157 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
The analysis of morphological errors in a case of acquired dyslexia
Badecker, W., & Caramazza, A. (1987) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/0093-934x(87)90129-5 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Strategies in Comprehension of Relative Clauses by Parkinsonian Patients
Natsopoulos, D., Katsarou, Z., Bostantzopoulou, S., Γρούϊος, Γ., Mentenopoulos, G., & Logothetis, J. A. (1991) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(13)80130-x · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Cognitive and Physiological Substrates of Impaired Sentence Processing in Parkinson's Disease
Grossman, M., Carvell, S., Gollomp, S. M., Stern, M. B., Reivich, M., Morrison, D. F., Alavi, A. A., & Hurtig, H. I. (1993) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.1993.5.4.480 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Electrophysiological insights into language deficits
Peter Hagoort, A., & Marta Kutas, A. (1995) · Max Planck Digital Library · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Evaluating behavioral and neuroimaging data on past tense processing
Seidenberg, M. S., & Hoeffner, J. H. (1998) · Language · doi:10.1353/lan.1998.0087 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
A PET study of cerebral activation patterns induced by verb inflection
Indefrey, P., Brown, C. M., Peter Hagoort, A., Herzog, H. R., Sach, M., & Seitz, R. J. (1997) · Max Planck Digital Library · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Seidenberg, M. S. (1992) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195076653.003.0004 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
The Sum and Substance of It: The Appreciation of Mass and Count Quantifiers in Parkinson′s Disease
Grossman, M., Carvell, S., & Peltzer, L. (1993) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1006/brln.1993.1022 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The computation of inflectional morphology
Ullman, M. T. (1993) · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationHoard, J. E., & Sloat, C. (1973) · Language · doi:10.2307/412105 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
A controlled study of processing of semantic and syntactic information in Alzheimer's disease
Cushman, L. A., & Caine, E. D. (1987) · Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology · doi:10.1016/0887-6177(87)90016-3 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
(2005) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/5268.003.0032 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Amnesia: Cognitive neuropsychological aspects
Curran, T., Schacter, D. L., Feinberg, T. E., & Farah, M. J. (1997) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The functional neuroanatomy of inflectional morphology
Ullman, M. T. (1999) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x99512223 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 122 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Contributions of memory circuits to language: the declarative/procedural model
Ullman, M. T. (2004) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2003.10.008 · Cited by 1,893 · see citing works
Self-citationA neurocognitive perspective on language: The declarative/procedural model
Ullman, M. T. (2001) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/35094573 · Cited by 997 · see citing works
Self-citationThe past and future of the past tense
Pinker, S. A., & Ullman, M. T. (2002) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(02)01990-3 · Cited by 951 · see citing works
Self-citationSpecific Language Impairment is not Specific to Language: the Procedural Deficit Hypothesis
Ullman, M. T., & Pierpont, E. I. (2005) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70276-4 · Cited by 882 · see citing works
Self-citationUllman, M. T. (2001) · Bilingualism Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728901000220 · Cited by 806 · see citing works
Self-citationNeuroplasticity as a function of second language learning: Anatomical changes in the human brain
Li, P., Legault, J., & Litcofsky, K. A. (2014) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2014.05.001 · Cited by 568 · see citing works
Language in context: Emergent features of word, sentence, and narrative comprehension
Xu, J., Kemeny, S., Park, G., Frattali, C., & Braun, A. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.12.013 · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Bannard, C., & Matthews, D. (2008) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02075.x · Cited by 518 · see citing works
Statistical Learning in Children With Specific Language Impairment
Evans, J., Saffran, J. R., & Robe-Torres, K. (2009) · Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2009/07-0189 · Cited by 529 · see citing works
Research Review: Structural language in autistic spectrum disorder – characteristics and causes
Boucher, J. (2012) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02508.x · Cited by 382 · see citing works
Behavioural analysis of an inherited speech and language disorder: comparison with acquired aphasia
Watkins, K. E., Dronkers, N. F., & Vargha‐Khadem, F. (2002) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awf058 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
The neural response to emotional prosody, as revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging
Mitchell, R. L. C., Elliott, R., Barry, M., Cruttenden, A., & Woodruff, P. W. R. (2003) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(03)00017-4 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
The role of the supplementary motor area for speech and language processing
Hertrich, I., Dietrich, S., & Ackermann, H. (2016) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.06.030 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Mind and Context in Adult Second Language Acquisition: Methods, Theory, and Practice
Morgan‐Short, K., Abbuhl, R., Bowles, M. A., Stafford, C. A., Bowden, H. W., VanPatten, B., Byrnes, H., Sanz, C., Mackey, A., Ullman, M. T., et al. (2005) · Georgetown University Press eBooks · doi:10.1353/book13064 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Self-citationde Jong, N., & Perfetti, C. A. (2011) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00620.x · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Szatloczki, G., Hoffmann, I., Vincze, V., Kalman, J., & Pakaski, M. (2015) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2015.00195 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Bernolet, S., Hartsuiker, R., & Pickering, M. (2013) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2013.02.005 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Islands of Reliability for Regular Morphology: Evidence from Italian
Albright, A. (2002) · Language · doi:10.1353/lan.2003.0002 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
An Event-Related fMRI Study of Syntactic and Semantic Violations
Newman, A. J., Pancheva, R., Ozawa, K., Neville, H. J., & Ullman, M. T. (2001) · Journal of Psycholinguistic Research · doi:10.1023/a:1010499119393 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Self-citationUllman, M. T., Pancheva, R., Love, T. E., Yee, E., Swinney, D., & Hickok, G. S. (2004) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2004.10.001 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Self-citationSIMON-CEREIJIDO, G., & GUTIÉRREZ-CLELLEN, V. F. (2009) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716409090134 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Subcortical Structures and Cognition
Koziol, L. F., & Budding, D. E. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-84868-6 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Sequence‐specific procedural learning deficits in children with specific language impairment
Hsu, H. J., & Bishop, D. (2014) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.12125 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
What Influences Literacy Outcome in Children With Speech Sound Disorder?
Peterson, R. L., Pennington, B. F., Shriberg, L. D., & Boada, R. (2009) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2009/08-0024 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Bocanegra, Y., García, A. M., Pineda, D. A., Buriticá, O., Villegas, A., Lopera, F. J., Gómez, D., Gómez-Arias, C., Cardona, J. F., Trujillo, N., et al. (2015) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2015.05.022 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Memory in autistic spectrum disorder.
Boucher, J., Mayes, A. R., & Bigham, S. (2012) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0026869 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
The Effects of the Timing of Corrective Feedback on the Acquisition of a New Linguistic Structure
Li, S., Zhu, Y., & Ellis, R. (2016) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/modl.12315 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Connectionist models of cognitive development: where next?
Elman, J. L. (2005) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.01.005 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Wang, Z. (2014) · Task-Based Language Teaching · doi:10.1075/tblt.5.02wan · Cited by 164 · see citing works
The shape of the human language-ready brain
Boeckx, C. A. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00282 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
The Human Thalamus Processes Syntactic and Semantic Language Violations
Wahl, M., Marzinzik, F., Friederici, A. D., Anja Hahne, A., Kupsch, A. R., Schneider, G., Saddy, D., Curio, G., & Klostermann, F. (2008) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2008.07.011 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Productivity and Reuse in Language
O’Donnell, T. J. (2015) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/9780262028844.001.0001 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Arnon, I., & Clark, E. V. (2011) · Language Learning and Development · doi:10.1080/15475441.2010.505489 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
A proposed reinterpretation and reclassification of aphasic syndromes
Ardila, A. (2010) · Aphasiology · doi:10.1080/02687030802553704 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Deficits in phonology and past-tense morphology: What's the connection?
Bird, H. (2003) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/s0749-596x(02)00538-7 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Procedural and declarative memory in children with and without specific language impairment
Lum, J. A. G., Gelgic, C., & Conti‐Ramsden, G. (2009) · International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · doi:10.3109/13682820902752285 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Evolutionary psychology: an introduction
(2009) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.46-3552 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Functional neuroanatomy of meaning acquisition from context
Mestres-Missé, A., Càmara, E., Rodriguez-Fornells, A., Rotte, M., & Münte, T. F. (2008) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20150 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Divjak, D. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-95504-1.01134-0 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Measuring behavioural and cognitive complexity in lithic technology throughout human evolution
Muller, A., Clarkson, C., & Shipton, C. (2017) · Journal of Anthropological Archaeology · doi:10.1016/j.jaa.2017.07.006 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
N400 predicts recovery from disorders of consciousness
Steppacher, I., Eickhoff, S. B., Jordanov, T., Kaps, M., Witzke, W., & Kissler, J. M. (2012) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.23835 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Models of Lexical Access and Morphological Processing
Milin, P., Smolka, E., & Feldman, L. B. (2017) · doi:10.1002/9781118829516.ch11 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
The role of the striatum in rule application: the model of Huntington's disease at early stage
Teichmann, M., Emmanuel Dupoux, A., Kouider, S., Brugières, P., Boissé, M., Baudic, S., Césaro, P., Peschanski, M., & Bachoud‐Lévi, A. (2005) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh472 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
An ERP study of regular and irregular English past tense inflection
Newman, A. J., Ullman, M. T., Pancheva, R., Waligura, D. L., & Neville, H. J. (2006) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.09.007 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Self-citationDivjak, D. (2019) · doi:10.1017/9781316084410 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Evidence that the pattern of visuomotor sequence learning is altered in children with autism
Larson, J. C. G., & Mostofsky, S. H. (2008) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.54 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Meltzer, H. Y., Rajagopal, L., Huang, M., Oyamada, Y., Kwon, S., & Horiguchi, M. (2013) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145713000928 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Beretta, A., Campbell, C., Carr, T. H., Huang, J., Schmitt, L., Christianson, K., & Cao, Y. (2003) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/s0093-934x(02)00560-6 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Direct Objects and Language Acquisition
Pérez‐Leroux, A. T., Pirvulescu, M., & Roberge, Y. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139086264 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Kensinger, E. A., Ullman, M. T., & Corkin, S. (2001) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.1049 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationFunctional roles of the thalamus for language capacities
Klostermann, F., Krugel, L. K., & Ehlen, F. (2013) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2013.00032 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Implicit learning in individuals with autism spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis
Foti, F., Crescenzo, F. D., Vivanti, G., Menghini, D., & Vicari, S. (2014) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291714001950 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Cargnelutti, E., Tomasino, B., & Fabbro, F. (2019) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00154 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Duncan, L. G., Casalis, S., & Colé, P. (2009) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716409090213 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Productivity and Reuse in Language: A Theory of Linguistic Computation and Storage
O’Donnell, T. J. (2015) · Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Matthews, D., & Bannard, C. (2010) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/j.1551-6709.2009.01091.x · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Gupta, P., & Tisdale, J. (2009) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2009.0132 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Falcaro, M., Pickles, A. R., Newbury, D. F., Addis, L., Banfield, E. C., Fisher, S. E., Monaco, A. P., Simkin, Z., & Conti‐Ramsden, G. (2007) · Genes Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1111/j.1601-183x.2007.00364.x · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Grammatical Difficulties in Children with Specific Language Impairment: Is Learning Deficient?
Hsu, H. J., & Bishop, D. (2010) · Human Development · doi:10.1159/000321289 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Dutch gender in specific language impairment and second language acquisition
Orgassa, A., & Weerman, F. (2008) · Second language Research · doi:10.1177/0267658308090184 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Combination and structure, not gradedness, is the issue
Pinker, S. A., & Ullman, M. T. (2002) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(02)02013-2 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self-citationHamrick, P. (2015) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2015.10.003 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
5: Storage And Computation In The Mental Lexicon
Baayen, R. H. (2007) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9780080548692_006 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Why girls say ‘holded’ more than boys
Hartshorne, J. K., & Ullman, M. T. (2005) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2005.00459.x · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationLegault, J., Fang, S.-Y., Lan, Y.-J., & Li, P. (2019) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2018.09.004 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Coughlin, C. E., & Tremblay, A. (2012) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716411000890 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
The Road Less Traveled: Alternative Pathways for Action-Verb Processing in Parkinson’s Disease
Abrevaya, S., Sedeño, L., Fittipaldi, S., Pineda, D. A., Lopera, F. J., Buriticá, O., Villegas, A., Bustamante, C., Gómez, D., Trujillo, N., et al. (2016) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-160737 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Tagarelli, K. M., Shattuck, K. F., Turkeltaub, P. E., & Ullman, M. T. (2019) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.02.061 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationDual-route processing of complex words: New fMRI evidence from derivational suffixation
Vannest, J. J., Polk, T. A., & Lewis, R. L. (2005) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/cabn.5.1.67 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Morphological effects in auditory word recognition: Evidence from Danish
Balling, L. W., & Baayen, R. (2008) · Language and Cognitive Processes · doi:10.1080/01690960802201010 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Grañena, G. (2015) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716415000120 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Contrasting Bilingual and Monolingual Idiom Processing
Titone, D. A., Columbus, G., Whitford, V., Mercier, J., & Libben, M. R. (2015) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139342100.011 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Conti‐Ramsden, G., Ullman, M. T., & Lum, J. A. G. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01090 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Self-citationTHE EFFECTS OF IMPLICIT INSTRUCTION ON IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT
Godfroid, A. (2015) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263115000388 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Was Krashen right? Forty years later
Lichtman, K., & VanPatten, B. (2021) · Foreign Language Annals · doi:10.1111/flan.12552 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Severity of Alzheimer’s disease and language features in picture descriptions
Kavé, G., & Dassa, A. (2018) · Aphasiology · doi:10.1080/02687038.2017.1303441 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Bowden, H. W., Gelfand, M. P., Sanz, C., & Ullman, M. T. (2010) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9922.2009.00551.x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationAuclair‐Ouellet, N., LIEBERMAN, P. H., & Monchi, O. (2017) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.07.014 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Giancaspro, D., Halloran, B., & Iverson, M. (2014) · Bilingualism Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728914000339 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Utterance complexity and stuttering on function words in preschool-age children who stutter
Richels, C. G., Buhr, A. P., Conture, E. G., & Ntourou, K. (2010) · Journal of Fluency Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jfludis.2010.06.001 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Mayo, J., & Eigsti, I. (2012) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-012-1493-0 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Striatal degeneration impairs language learning: evidence from Huntington's disease.
de Diego-Balaguer, R., Couette, M., Dolbeau, G., Dürr, A., Youssov, K., & Bachoud-Lévi, A. (2008) · Brain : a journal of neurology · doi:10.1093/brain/awn242 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Zwitserlood, P. (2018) · Studies in morphology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-74394-3_20 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
The Neural Basis of MorphologyA Tale of Two Mechanisms?
Woollams, A. M., & Patterson, K. E. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139029377.017 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Functional anatomy of derivational morphology.
Marangolo, P., Piras, F., Galati, G., & Burani, C. (2006) · Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior · doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70221-1 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Sabourin, L., Brien, C., & Burkholder, M. (2014) · Bilingualism Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728913000643 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Stem access in regular and irregular inflection: Evidence from German participles
Smolka, E., Zwitserlood, P., & Rösler, F. (2007) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2007.04.005 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
ATTENTION TO IRREGULAR VERBS BY BEGINNING LEARNERS OF GERMAN
Godfroid, A., & Uggen, M. S. (2013) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263112000897 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Bishop, D., & Hsu, H. J. (2015) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-015-0062-7 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Inflection and computational load in agrammatic speech☆
KOK, P., VANDOORN, A., & Kolk, H. (2007) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2007.03.001 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Recognition and Language in Low Functioning Autism
Boucher, J., Bigham, S., Mayes, A. R., & Muskett, T. (2007) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-007-0508-8 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
The neural bases of the learning and generalization of morphological inflection
Nevat, M., Ullman, M. T., Eviatar, Z., & Bitan, T. (2016) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.08.026 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationDeclarative and procedural memory in Danish speaking children with specific language impairment
Lum, J. A. G., & Bleses, D. (2011) · Journal of Communication Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jcomdis.2011.09.001 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Neighbourhood effects on error rates in speech production
Stemberger, J. P. (2004) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/s0093-934x(03)00452-8 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
The declarative/procedural model and the shallow structure hypothesis
Ullman, M. T. (2006) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s014271640606019x · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationCommon aetiology for diverse language skills in 41/2-year-old twins
Hayiou‐Thomas, M. E., Kovas, Y. V., Harlaar, N., Plomin, R. J., Bishop, D., & Dale, P. S. (2006) · Journal of Child Language · doi:10.1017/s0305000906007331 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Can imageability help us draw the line between storage and composition?
Prado, E. L., & Ullman, M. T. (2009) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/a0015286 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationHoen, M., Pachot‐Clouard, M., Segebarth, C. M., & Dominey, P. F. (2006) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70398-8 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Mainela‐Arnold, E., & Evans, J. L. (2013) · Journal of Child Language · doi:10.1017/s0305000912000736 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Speeded processing of grammar and tool knowledge in Tourette's syndrome
Walenski, M., Mostofsky, S. H., & Ullman, M. T. (2007) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.04.001 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Ullman, M. T.
- Affiliations
- Georgetown University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ullman, Michael T.
- ORCID
- Ullman, Michael T.
- Venue
- Journal of Psycholinguistic Research
- Published
- 2001-01
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 37-69
- ISSN
- 0090-6905 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6555
- OpenAlex
- W1498096105
- Cited by
- 508
- References
- 122
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 0.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Psycholinguistic Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-58189, R01MH058189)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Keywords
- procedural memory, mental lexicon, mental grammar, associative memory, temporal lobe, frontal cortex, basal ganglia, morphological complexity, morphological productivity, double dissociation, implicit learning, symbolic computation, language acquisition, computational models of language, grammar learning
- MeSH terms
- Aphasia, Brain, Brain Diseases, Electroencephalography, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Linguistics, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Memory, Psycholinguistics, Semantics, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Vocabulary, Magnetoencephalography
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
