CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 1,085Personality Traits and PsychologyNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorEvolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 265 of the 265 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Genes, Evolution, and Personality

Bouchard, Thomas J., Loehlin, John C.·2001·Behavior Genetics
DOI 10.1023/a:1012294324713
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

There is abundant evidence, some of it reviewed in this paper, that personality traits are substantially influenced by the genes. Much remains to be understood about how and why this is the case. We argue that placing the behavior genetics of personality in the context of epidemiology, evolutionary psychology, and neighboring psychological domains such as interests and attitudes should help lead to new insights. We suggest that important methodological advances, such as measuring traits from multiple viewpoints, using large samples, and analyzing data by modern multivariate techniques, have already led to major changes in our view of such perennial puzzles as the role of "unshared environment" in personality. In the long run, but not yet, approaches via molecular genetics and brain physiology may also make decisive contributions to understanding the heritability of personality traits. We conclude that the behavior genetics of personality is alive and flourishing but that there remains ample scope for new growth and that much social science research is seriously compromised if it does not incorporate genetic variation in its explanatory models.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1023/a:1012294324713

Cites

265 of 265 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 262 references

Research works printed but not linked: 21

  1. Allman, J. M. (2000). Evolving Brains, Scientific American Library, New York (distributed by W. H. Freeman).
  2. Altemeyer, B. (1988). Enemies of Freedom, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.
  3. Carroll, J. B. (2001). The five-factor personality model: How complete and satisfactory is it? In Braun, H., Jackson, D. and Wiley, D., (eds.), The Role of Constructs in Psychological and Educational Measurement, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ.
  4. Dennett, D. C. (1995). Darwin' Dangerous Idea: Evolution and the Meaning of Life, Simon and Schuster, New York.
  5. Eaves, L. J. (1982). The utility of twins. In Anderson, E., Hauser, W. A., Penry, J. K., and Sing, C. F. (eds.), Genetic Basis of the Epilepsies, Raven, New York, pp. 249–276.
  6. Foley, R. (1987). Another Unique Species: Patterns of Human Evolutionary Ecology, Longman, Burnt Mill, Harlow.
  7. Goldberg, L. R. (1971). A historical survey of personality scales and inventories. In McReynolds, P. (ed.), Advances in Psychological Assessment, Vol. 2, Science and Behavior Books, Pal. Alto, CA.
  8. Griffin, D. R. (1992). Animal Minds, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  9. Kirk, K. M., and Martin, N. G. (1999). Religion, values and health: Unraveling the role of genes and environment. Twin Res. 2: 59–179. · DOI
  10. Li, C. C. (1987). A genetical model for emergenesis. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 41: 517–523.
  11. Mathews, G., and Deary, I. J. (1998). Personality Traits, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  12. McGue, M. (2001). The genetics of personality. In Roman, D. L., Spielberg, S., Connor, M., Pyeritz, R. E., Korf, B. (eds.) Emery and Rimoin' Principles and Practice of Medical Genetics (4th Ed). W.B. Saunders, St. Louis, MO.
  13. Murray, H. A. (1938). Explorations in Personality, Oxford, New York.
  14. Nesse, R. M. (2001). The Smoke Detector Principle: Natural selection and the regulation of defense mechanisms. In The Unity of Knowledge, N.Y. Acad. Sci., New York (in press).
  15. NICHD (1998). The National Institute of Child Health and Development Early Child Care Research Network: Early child care and self-control, compliance, and problem behavior at twentyfour and thirty-six months. Child Dev. 69: 1145–1170.
  16. Nichols, R. C. (1978). Twin studies of ability, personality and interests. Homo 29: 158–173.
  17. Panksepp, J., and Panksepp, J. B. (2000). The seven sins of evolutionary psychology. Evol. Cognit. 6: 108–131.
  18. Pedersen, N. L., and Reynolds, C. A. (1998). Stability and change in adult personality: Genetic and environmental components. Eur. J. Personal. 12: 365–386. · DOI
  19. Plomin, R., and Caspi, A. (1998). DNA and personality. Eur. J. Personal. 12: 387–407. · DOI
  20. Reiss, D., Neiderhiser, J. M., Hetherington, E. M., and Plomin, R. (2000). The Relationship Code: Deciphering Genetic and Social Influence on Adolescent Development, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
  21. Williams, R. J. (1956). Biochemical Individuality, Wiley, New York.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 901–1,000 of 1,000

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Bouchard, T. J., & Loehlin, J. C.
Affiliations
  • University of Minnesota (US)
  • The University of Texas at Austin (US)
ORCID
Bouchard, Thomas J.
Venue
Behavior Genetics
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2001-05
Volume
31
Issue
3
Pages
243-273
ISSN
  • 0001-8244 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-3297
DOI
10.1023/a:1012294324713
OpenAlex
W1734767862
Cited by
1,085
References
262
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 85 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 58 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 53 · 2013: 58 · 2012: 74
FWCI
33.65
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Behavior Genetics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
Keywords
personality traits, heritability, evolutionary psychology, nonshared environment, genetic variation, molecular genetics, brain physiology, multivariate analysis
MeSH terms
Animals, Biological Evolution, Genetics, Behavioral, Humans, Individuality, Personality, Twin Studies as Topic

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review